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Influence of rejuvenators on bitumen ageing in hot recycled asphalt mixtures

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2018年第3期5卷 157-168页

作者： giorgia Mazzoni Edoardo Bocci Francesco Canestrari Department of Civil and Construction Engineering and Architecture Università Politecnica delle Marche Faculty of Engineering eCampus University

The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement （RAP） in new hot mix asphalt （HMA） by means of hot recycling techniques generates the advantage linked to the exploitation of both lytic and bituminous component, consequently leading to the decrease of both virgin aggregates and bitumen supplying. However, many agencies and public administration authorise RAP percentages ranges from 10% to 30% in hot recycling. The main reason for such a low amount of allowable RAP content is related to the aged bitumen contained in the RAP materials, which is more brittle than a virgin bitumen leading to a final mixture more susceptible to fatigue, thermal and reflection cracking. The use of rejuvenators has the potential to restore rheology and chemical components of aged RAP bitumen, thus allowing a significant increase in the amount of RAP to be properly implemented in HMA. The experimental investigation is described in this paper and carried out through a dynamic shear rheometer （DSR） which provides the rheological characterisation of a paving grade bitumen during its overall service life including its reuse in hot recycling by adopting different rejuvenators. Results show that rejuvenators modify bitumen chemistry and consequently rheology by enhancing the viscous response. Moreover, it was observed that oxidation is less harmful, in terms of stiffness increase, on the 50/50 aged bitumen - virgin bitumen blends （rejuvenated or not） than on the virgin bitumen. Moreover, the addition of a rejuvenator in a bituminous blend containing 50% of bitumen reactivated from RAP could lead to a corresponding composite bituminous phase less subjected to ageing phenomena and even less stiff at the end of service life than the associated virgin bitumen alone.

关键词： Rejuvenator Reclaimed asphalt pavement Bitumen Ageing Dynamic shear rheorneter (DSR)

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Oropharyngeal acid reflux and motility abnormalities of the proximal esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第40期22卷 8991-8998页

作者： Sandro Passaretti giorgia Mazzoleni Cristian Vailati Pier Alberto Testoni Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Division IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute Vita-Salute San Raffaele University

AIM To investigate the relationship between pathological oropharyngeal(OP) acid exposure and esophageal motility in patients with extra-esophageal *** In this prospective study we enrolled consecutive outpatients with extra-esophageal symptoms suspected to be related to gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD). We enrolled only patients with a reflux symptom index(RSI) score-higher than 13 and with previous lung, allergy and ear, nose and throat evaluations excluding other specific diagnoses. All patients underwent 24-h OP pH-metry with the Dx probe and esophageal highresolution manometry(HRM). Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of a normal or pathological p H-metric finding(Ryan Score) and all manometric characteristics of the two groups were *** We examined 135 patients with chronic extra-esophageal syndromes. Fifty-one were considered eligible for the study. Of these, 42 decided to participate in the protocol. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of normal or pathological OP acid exposure. All the HRM parameters were compared for the two groups. Significant differences were found in the median upper esophageal sphincter resting pressure(median 71 mmH g vs 126 mmH g, P = 0.004) and the median proximal contractile integral(median 215.5 cm·mmH g·s vs 313.5 cm·mmH g·s, P = 0.039), both being lower in the group with pathological OP acid exposure, and the number of contractions with small or large breaks, which were more frequent in the same group. This group also had a larger number of peristaltic contractions with breaks in the 20 mm Hg isobaric contour(38.7% vs 15.38%, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION In patients with suspected GERD-related extraesophageal syndromes pathological OP acid exposure was associated with weaker proximal esophageal motility.

关键词： Esophagus Motility Oropharyngeal reflux Gastroesophageal reflux disease High resolution manometry pH-metry

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Octopamine modulates the activity of motoneurons related to calling behavior in the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar

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Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 797-808页

作者： Paolo Solari giorgia Sollai Carla Masala Riccardo Maccioni Roberto Crnjar Anna Liscia Department of Biomedical Sciences Section of Physiology University of Cagliari University Campus Monserrato CA Italy

A morphofunctional investigation of the different neuronal subpopulations projecting through each of the nerves IV-VI emerging bilaterally from the terminal ab- dominal ganglion （TAG） was correlated with the octopaminergic activity in the ganglion that controls the ovipositor movements associated with caUing behavior in the female gypsy moth Lymantria dispar. Tetramethylrodamine-dextran backfills from nerve stumps resulted in a relatively low number of TAG projections, ranging from 12 to 13 for nerve pair IV, 12 to 14 for nerve pair V, and 8 to 9 for nerve pair VI. Furthermore, as assessed by electrophysiological recordings, a number of fibers within each of these nerves displays spontaneous tonic activity, also when the ganglion is fully disconnected from the ventral nerve cord （VNC）. Octopamine （OA） applications to the TAG strongly enhanced the activ- ity of these nerves, either by increasing the firing rate of a number of spontaneously firing units or by recruiting new ones. This octopaminergic activity affected calling behavior, and specifically the muscle activity leading to cycling extensions of the intersegmental membrane （IM） between segments VIII and IX （ovipositor）. Our results indicate that in the female gypsy moth the octopaminergic neural activity of the TAG is coupled with ex- tensions and retractions oflM for the purpose of releasing pheromone, where motor units innervated by nerve pair IV appear antagonistic with respect to those innervated by nerve pair V.

关键词： electrophysiology morphology muscle contraction neuromodulation terminal abdominal ganglion

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Impact of hepatitis B immunoglobulin mode of administration on treatment experiences of patients after liver transplantation: Results from an online survey

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 144-155页

作者： giorgia Rizza Kyriaki Glynou Masha Eletskaya General Surgery and Liver Transplant Center S.Giovanni Battista HospitalTurin I-10126Italy Medical Affairs Biotest AGDreieich 63303Germany Lumanity Insight(Cello Health Insight) London SE11PPUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIG)in combination with a potent nucleos(t)ide analog is considered the standard of care for prophylaxis against hepatitis B virus(HBV)reinfection after liver transplantation for HBV-associated *** To evaluate patients’satisfaction,preferences,and requirements for subcutaneous(SC),intramuscular(IM),and intravenous(IV)HBIG *** A self-completion,cross-sectional,online,22-question survey was conducted to examine perceptions and satisfaction with current HBIG treatment in adults receiving HBIG treatment following liver transplantation for HBV-associated disease in France,Italy,and *** HBIG products with different administration modes were evaluated using target product profile assessment and a conjoint(trade-off)*** Ninety patients were enrolled;32%,17%,and 51%were SC,IM,and IV HBIG users,*** duration of treatment was 36.2 *** HBIG had the least negative impact on emotional well-being and social life and was perceived as the most convenient,easiest to administer,least painful,and had the highest self-rating of treatment *** IM HBIG users than SC or IV HBIG users reported that administration frequency was excessive(67%,28%,and 28%,respectively).In the target product profile assessment,76%of patients were likely to use hypothetical SC *** the conjoint exercise,administration route,frequency,and duration were key drivers of treatment *** Ease,frequency,duration,and side effects of HBIG treatment administration were key drivers of treatment preferences,and SC HBIG appeared advantageous over IM and IV HBIG for administration ease,convenience,and pain.A hypothetical SC HBIG product elicited a favorable *** demographics,personal preferences,and satisfaction with HBIG treatment modalities may influence long-term treatment compliance.

关键词： Hepatitis B immunoglobulin Liver transplantation Subcutaneous Intramuscular Intravenous Patient satisfaction

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Effect of corneal light scatter on vision: a review of the literature

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第3期9卷 459-464页

作者： Leopoldo Spadea giorgia Maraone Francesca Verboschi Enzo Maria Vingolo Daniele Tognetto Department of Biotechnology and Medical-Surgical Sciences "Sapienza" University of Rome Eye Clinic Ospedale MaggioreUniversity of Trieste

The cornea is the transparent connective tissue window at the front of the *** physiological role of the cornea is to conduct external light into the eye,focus it,together with the lens,onto the retina,and to provide rigidity to the entire ***,good vision requires maintenance of the transparency and proper refractive shape of the *** surface structures irregularities can be associated with wavefront aberrations and scattering *** scattering in the human cornea causes a reduction of visual *** fact,the cornea must be transparent and maintain a smooth and stable curvature since it contributes to the major part of the focusing power of the *** most cases,a simple examination of visual acuity cannot demonstrate the reduction of visual quality secondary light *** fact,clinical techniques for examining the human cornea in vivo have greatly expanded over the last few *** measurement of corneal back scattering qualifies the degree of corneal *** measurement of corneal forward-scattering quantifies the amount of visual impairment that is produced by the alteration of *** aim of this study was to review scattering in the human cornea and methods of measuring it.

关键词： cornea haze light photorefraetive keratectomy scattering vision

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Therapeutic advances in neural regeneration for Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1991-1997页

作者： Francesco D’Egidio Vanessa Castelli giorgia Lombardozzi Fabrizio Ammannito Annamaria Cimini Michele d’Angelo Department of Life Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly

Huntington’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansion mutation of a cytosine-adenine-guanine triplet in the exon 1 of the HTT gene which is responsible for the production of the huntingtin (Htt) protein. In physiological conditions, Htt is involved in many cellular processes such as cell signaling, transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism regulation, DNA maintenance, axonal trafficking, and antiapoptotic activity. When the genetic alteration is present, the production of a mutant version of Htt (mHtt) occurs, which is characterized by a plethora of pathogenic activities that, finally, lead to cell death. Among all the cells in which mHtt exerts its dangerous activity, the GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons seem to be the most affected by the mHtt-induced excitotoxicity both in the cortex and in the striatum. However, as the neurodegeneration proceeds ahead the neuronal loss grows also in other brain areas such as the cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra, determining the variety of symptoms that characterize Huntington’s disease. From a clinical point of view, Huntington’s disease is characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms spanning from motor impairment to cognitive disorders and dementia. Huntington’s disease shows a prevalence of around 3.92 cases every 100,000 worldwide and an incidence of 0.48 new cases every 100,000/year. To date, there is no available cure for Huntington’s disease. Several treatments have been developed so far, aiming to reduce the severity of one or more symptoms to slow down the inexorable decline caused by the disease. In this context, the search for reliable strategies to target the different aspects of Huntington’s disease become of the utmost interest. In recent years, a variety of studies demonstrated the detrimental role of neuronal loss in Huntington’s disease condition highlighting how the replacement of lost cells would be a reasonable strategy to o

关键词： cell therapy exosomes extracellular vesicles Huntingtin Huntington’s disease medium spiny neurons neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis neuronal loss stem cells

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Prevalence and incidence of intra-and extrahepatic complications of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第11期6卷 39-60页

作者： Alessandro Mantovani giorgia Beatrice Roberta Stupia Andrea Dalbeni Section of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismUniversity and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of VeronaVerona 37126Italy Section of General Medicine Hypertension and Liver UnitUniversity and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of VeronaVerona 37126Italy

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is linked to abdominal obesity,insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The association of NAFLD with T2DM is *** fact,evidence suggests that abdominal obesity,T2DM and metabolic syndrome play a part in the development and progression of ***,NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of having T2DM and metabolic *** to this background,it is unsurprising that patients with T2DM patients also have a higher prevalence of NAFLD than those with no T2DM,as well as an increased risk of developing liver-related and extrahepatic complications,mainly cardiovascular and renal *** the relationship of NAFLD with insulin resistance,obesity and T2DM,recent consensus proposes a change in nomenclature from NAFLD to metabolic associated fatty liver *** this review,we will discuss the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD(as detected by imaging techniques or liver biopsy)in patients with type T2DM with particular regard to hepatic and extrahepatic complications.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NASH metabolic associated fatty liver disease diabetes type 2 diabetes

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Role of neurotrophic factors in enhancing linear axonal growth of ganglionic sensory neurons in vitro

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第9期15卷 1732-1739页

作者： Michele Fornaro Alessia Giovannelli Angelica Foggetti Luisa Muratori Stefano Geuna giorgia Novajra Isabelle Perroteau Department of Anatomy College of Graduates Studies(CGS)Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine(CCOM)Midwestern UniversityDowners GroveILUSA Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TurinTorinoItaly Institute of Physiology Christian-Albrechts-University KielKielGermany Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi(NICO) TorinoItaly Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di TorinoTorinoItaly

Neurotrophins play a major role in the regulation of neuronal growth such as neurite sprouting or regeneration in response to nerve injuries. The role of nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in maintaining the survival of peripheral neurons remains poorly understood. In regenerative medicine, different modalities have been investigated for the delivery of growth factors to the injured neurons, in search of a suitable system for clinical applications. This study was to investigate the influence of nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor on the growth of neurites using two in vitro models of dorsal root ganglia explants and dorsal root ganglia-derived primary cell dissociated cultures. Quantitative data showed that the total neurite length and tortuosity were differently influenced by trophic factors. Nerve growth factor and, indirectly, brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulate the tortuous growth of sensory fibers and the formation of cell clusters. Neurotrophin-3, however, enhances neurite growth in terms of length and linearity allowing for a more organized and directed axonal elongation towards a peripheral target compared to the other growth factors. These findings could be of considerable importance for any clinical application of neurotrophic factors in peripheral nerve regeneration. Ethical approval was obtained from the Regione Piemonte Animal Ethics Committee ASLTO1(file # 864/2016-PR) on September 14, 2016.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor directionality dorsal root ganglia explant nerve growth factor nerve regeneration neurite growth enhancement neurotrophic factors neurotrophin-3 sensory neurons tortuosity

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Record of Leptometopa latipes(Diptera:Milichiidae)from a human cadaver in the Mediterranean area

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第4期4卷 341-347页

作者： giorgia Giordani Fabiola Tuccia Silvia Zoppis Carla Vecchiotti Stefano Vanin School of Applied Sciences University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK Dipartimento di Scienze Anatomiche Istologiche Medico Legali e dell’Apparato Locomotore Section of Legal MedicineLaboratory of Forensic GeneticsUniversity of Rome"Sapienza"RomeItaly

In forensic entomology,insects are used mainly to obtain information about the time since *** information is obtained studying the developmental rate of the first colonizers,principally species in the families Calliphoridae,Sarcophagidae,Muscidae,Stratiomyidae and ***,species belonging to other families can provide information about body transfer or the season of the *** them Milichiidae are flies rarely reported from human cases despite the larvae of some species are known as saprophagous feeding on plant and animal decomposing matter.A potential cause of the lack of records of these species from forensic cases can be related with the paucity of descriptions and illustrations of the immature *** this article,the entomological samples collected from a human body found inside an apartment in a Maghreb country,in Northern Africa,is reported and Leptometopa latipes(Diptera:Milichiidae)is described in *** analysis is also reported to confirm the morphological analysis.

关键词： Forensic entomology postmortem interval decomposition Leptometopa latipes

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Regional brain susceptibility to neurodegeneration: what is the role of glial cells?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 838-842页

作者： Andrea Beatriz Cragnolini giorgia Lampitella Assunta Virtuoso Immacolata Viscovo Fivos Panetsos Michele Papa Giovanni Cirillo Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de CórdobaInstituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT)CONICET-Universidad Nacional de CórdobaCórdobaArgentina Human Anatomy and Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Networks Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi VanvitelliNaplesItaly Neuro-computing & Neuro-robotics Research Group Universidad Complutense de MadridNeural Plasticity Research GroupInstituto Investigacion Sanitaria Hospital Clinico San CarlosMadridSpain

The main pathological feature of the neurodegenerative diseases is represented by neuronal death that represents the final step of a cascade of adverse/hostile *** in the neurodegenerative process,glial cells (including astrocytes,microglial cells,and oligodendrocytes) activate and trigger an insidious neuroinflammatory reaction,metabolic decay,blood brain barrier dysfunction and energy impairment,boosting neuronal *** these mechanisms might induce selective neuronal death in specific brain areas are far from being *** last two decades of neurobiological studies have provided evidence of the main role of glial cells in most of the processes of the central nervous system,from development to synaptogenesis,neuronal homeostasis and integration into,highly specific neuro-glial *** this mini-review,we moved from in vitro and in vivo models of neurodegeneration to analyze the putative role of glial cells in the early mechanisms of *** report changes of transcriptional,genetic,morphological,and metabolic activity in astrocytes and microglial cells in specific brain areas before neuronal degeneration,providing evidence in experimental models of neurodegenerative disorders,including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s *** these mechanisms might increase the insight of these processes and pave the way for new specific glia-targeted therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： astrocytes glial cells microglia neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation Parkinson's disease reactive gliosis selective neuronal degeneration

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