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噁唑烷A及噁唑烷e与皮胶原反应机理的研究

西部皮革 2014年第6期 43-50页

作者： Santanu Deb Choudhury Samir DasGupta gillian e.norris 袁鸿昌

交联剂可以明显提高以胶原基生物材料的物理性能。在皮革生产中,噁唑烷是一种常用的醛类鞣剂,但其与皮胶原交联的机理有待进一步研究。噁唑烷与植物单宁结合鞣时,噁唑烷通过开环形成了碳正离子中间体,之后进一步与胶原氨基酸的侧链氨基... 详细信息

交联剂可以明显提高以胶原基生物材料的物理性能。在皮革生产中,噁唑烷是一种常用的醛类鞣剂,但其与皮胶原交联的机理有待进一步研究。噁唑烷与植物单宁结合鞣时,噁唑烷通过开环形成了碳正离子中间体,之后进一步与胶原氨基酸的侧链氨基及植物单宁的黄酮环反应。本实验中,我们对噁唑烷与胶原的反应进行了一系列的分析研究。对经噁唑烷鞣制的胶原进行高效液相色谱分析后发现,噁唑烷与酪氨酸侧链发生了不可逆反应。质谱分析证明噁唑烷与赖氨酸残基形成了席夫碱化合物,这是一个可逆反应。在NaCNBH3存在下,将一个模型多肽链Suc-Ala-Phe-Lys-AMC与噁唑烷反应并进行质谱分析,发现生成的产物相对分子质量增加了28 kD,这是由于赖氨酸上增加了两个甲基基团。差示扫描量热分析发现,在结合鞣中先加入植物单宁再加入噁唑烷鞣剂会得到更好的协同效应。胶原与反应活性较强的噁唑烷A反应后的圆二色谱分析显示椭圆率下降,这是由于胶原分子发生聚集而非二级结构的改变。基于获得的分析结果,提出了一个噁唑烷与胶原氨基酸侧链反应的机理模式。

关键词：差示扫描量热圆二色谱氨基酸分析质谱分析噁唑烷结合鞣

Multinuclear MR and MRI study of lithium-ion cells using a variable field magnet and a fixed frequency RF probe

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： Andrés Ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica Kevin J.Sanders Md Al Raihan C.Adam Dyker gillian R.Goward Bruce *** UNB MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(MR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)study was performed on lithium-ion battery cells with ^(7)Li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variable field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)probe was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed RF probe frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMC)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variable field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting MR and MRI data from lithium-ion and other batteries.

关键词： Multinuclear MR/MRI Variable field magnet Lithium-ion battery Parallel-plate rf probe

The parallel-plate resonator:An RF probe for MR and MRI studies over a wide frequency range

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2023年第4期3卷 306-318页

作者： Andres Ramírez Aguilera Kevin J.Sanders gillian R.Goward Bruce *** UNB MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada

We explore the use of the parallel-plate resonator for the study of thin cuboid samples over a wide range of magnetic resonance *** parallel-plate resonator functions at frequencies from tens to hundreds of *** parallel-plate resonators are presented and discussed in a frequency range from 8 to 500 *** resonance experiments were performed on both horizontal and vertical bore magnet systems with lithium and hydrogen ***-plate radiofrequency(RF)probes are easy to build and easy to *** and simulations showed good sensitivity of the parallel-plate RF probe geometry with a small decrease in sensitivity at higher frequencies.

关键词： Parallel-plate resonator Optimization Magnetic resonance/magnetic resonance imaging(MR/MRI) Batteries

Greenhouse gas emissions from different pig manure management techniques： a critical analysis

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2017年第3期11卷 3-18页

作者： Conor Dennehy Peadar G. Lawlor Yan Jiang gillian e. Gardiner Sihuang Xie Long D Nghiem Xinmin Zhan Civil engineering College of Engineering and lnformatics National University of Ireland Galway Ireland Teagasc Pig Development Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Fermoy Ireland Department of Science Waterford Institute of Technology Waterford Ireland Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia

Manure management is the primary source of greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions from pig farming, which in turn accounts for 18% of the total global GHG emissions from the livestock industry. In this review, GHG emissions （N20 and CH4 emissions in particular） from individual pig manure （PGM） management practices （european practises in particular） are systematically analyzed and discussed. These manure management practices include manure storage, land application, solid/liquid separation, anaerobic digestion, composting and aerobic wastewater treatment. The potential reduction in net GHG emissions by changing and optimising these techniques is assessed. This review also identifies key research gaps in the literature including the effect of straw covering of liquid PGM storages, the effect of solid/liquid separation, and the effect of dry anaerobic digestion on net GHG emissions from PGM management. In addition to identifying these research gaps, several recommendations including the need to standardize units used to report GHG emissions, to account ~br indirect N20 emissions, and to include a broader research scope by conducting detailed life cycle assessment are also discussed. Overall, anaerobic digestion and compositing to liquid and solid fractions are best PGM management practices with respect to their high GHG mitigation potential.

关键词： CH4N2O Storage Anaerobic digestion Composting Separation

Process stability and microbial community composition in pig manure and food waste anaerobic co-digesters operated at low HRTs

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2017年第3期11卷 53-65页

作者： Conor Dennehy Peadar G. Lawlor gillian e. Gardiner Yan Jiang Paul Cormican Matthew S. McCabe Xinmin Zhan Department of Civil engineering College of Engineering and Informatics National University of Ireland Galway Ireland Teagasc Pig Development Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Fermoy Ireland Department of Science Waterford Institute of Technology Waterford Ireland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Dunsany Meath Ireland

This study assessed the effects of reducing hydraulic retention times （HRTs） from 21 days to 10.5 days when anaerobically co-digesting pig manure and food waste. Continuously stirred tank reactors of 3.75 L working volume were operated in triplicate at 42℃. Digester HRT was progressively decreased from 21 to 15 days to 10.5 days, with an associated increase in organic loading rate （OLR） from 3.1 kg volatile solids （VS）·m^-***^-1 to 5.1 kg VS·m^***-1 to 7.25 kg VS.m^-3·day^-1. Reducing HRT from 21 days to 15 days caused a decrease in specific methane yields and VS removal rates. Operation at a HRT of 10.5 days initially resulted in the accumulation of isobutyric acid in each reactor. High throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that this increase coincided with a shift in acidogenic bacterial populations, which most likely resulted in the increased isobutyric acid concentrations. This may in turn have caused the increase in relative abundance of Clocamonaceae bacteria, which syntrophically degrade non-acetate volatile fatty acids （VFAs） into H2 and CO2. This, along with the increase in abundance of other syntrophic VFA oxidizers, such as Spiorchatetes, suggests that VFA oxidation plays a role in digester operation at low HRTs. Reducing the HRT to below 21 days compromised the ability of the anaerobic digestion system to reduce enteric indicator organism counts below regulatory limits.

关键词： Biogas Sequencing Clocamonaeeae Spiorchatetes Isobutyrate Biosafety

Role of Positive Selection Pressure on the evolution of H5N1 Hemagglutinin

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第1期7卷 47-56页

作者： Venkata R.S.K. Duvvuri Bhargavi Duvvuri Wilfred R. Cuff gillian e. Wu Jianhong Wu Center for Disease Modeling York Institute of Health Research York University Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences York University Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 3R2 Canada Department of Mathematics and Statistics York University Toronto Ontario M3J IP3 Canada

The surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin （HA） helps the influenza A virus to evade the host immune system by antigenic variation and is a major driving force for viral evolution. In this study, the selection pressure on HA of H5N1 influenza A virus was analyzed using bioinformatics algorithms. Most of the identified positive selection （PS） sites were found to be within or adjacent to epitope sites. Some of the identified PS sites are consistent with previous experimental studies, providing further support to the biological significance of our findings. The highest frequency of PS sites was observed in recent strains isolated during 2005-2007. Phylogenetic analysis was also conducted on HA sequences from various hosts. Viral drift is almost similar in both avian and human species with a progressive trend over the years. Our study reports new mutations in functional regions of HA that might provide markers for vaccine design or can be used to predict isolates of pandemic potential.

关键词： positive selection H5N1 hemagglutinin epitope bioinformatics

揭示噁唑烷A和e与绵羊皮胶原的相互作用机理

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北京皮革（中外皮革信息版）（中） 2008年第9期 104-111页

作者： Santanu Deb Choudhury Samir DasGupta gillian e.norris（）辜海彬（译） Massey大学分子生物科学学院 Palmerston North新西兰新西兰皮革和鞋研究协会 Palmerston North新西兰

交联剂对胶原基生物材料的物理性能至关重要。嗯唑烷是一种新型的醛鞣剂，在皮革工业中被广泛用于稳定胶原。然而，它们与胶原的相互作用机理还不很清楚。一般认为，唾唑烷与植物鞣剂结合鞣时，恶唑烷首先发生开环反应，形成碳正离子中... 详细信息

交联剂对胶原基生物材料的物理性能至关重要。嗯唑烷是一种新型的醛鞣剂，在皮革工业中被广泛用于稳定胶原。然而，它们与胶原的相互作用机理还不很清楚。一般认为，唾唑烷与植物鞣剂结合鞣时，恶唑烷首先发生开环反应，形成碳正离子中间体，然后与胶原的侧链氨基酸和植物鞣剂的类黄酮环体系相互作用。本文采用多种分析方法，研究了嗯唑烷与胶原的相互作用机理。采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）研究噁唑烷鞣后的胶原溶液发现，噁唑烷与侧链酪氨酸发生了不可逆反应。质谱（MS／研究表明，噁唑烷与胶原的赖氨酸残基发生了反应，形成席夫碱，且该反应实际上是可逆的。在NaCNBH。存在条件下，本文研究了噁唑烷与Suc—A1a—Phe—Lys—AMC模拟肽的反应，质谱分析表明，赖氨酸上增加了两个甲基，使得生成的产物分子量增加了它们特有的28kD。差示扫描热量法的结果表明，当在醛鞣剂之前加入植物鞣剂进行鞣制，所得鞣制效果最好，结合鞣表现出协同效应。圆二色性研究显示，在具有较强反应活性的噫唑烷A作用下，胶原的椭圆率大大降低，这仅仅是胶原分子发生了聚合的缘故，而不是因为其二级结构发生了改变。根据以上研究结果，本文提出一条反应路线，解释了噁唑烷与胶原侧链氨基酸可能的作用机理。

关键词：差示扫描热量法圆二色性氨基酸分析质谱噁唑烷结合鞣

Non-pharmacological therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: Recommendations for self-care and physician guidance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第28期24卷 3055-3070页

作者： Whitney Duff Natasha Haskey gillian Potter Jane Alcorn Paulette Hunter Sharyle Fowler College of Kinesiology University of Saskatchewan Irving K Barber School of Arts and Science University of British Columbia-Okanagan Department of Psychology University of Saskatchewan College of Pharmacy and Nutrition University of Saskatchewan St Thomas More College University of Saskatchewan Department of Medicine University of Saskatchewan

We performed a scoping review on sought-after complementary therapies for patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), specifically diet, physical activity and exercise(PA/e), and psychotherapy. We aim to update patients with IBD on therapies for self-care and provide physicians with guidance on how to direct their patients for the management of IBD. A search of MeDLINe, eMBASe, and PUBMeD was completed in Sept 2016. Studies on diet, PA/e, or psychotherapy in patients with IBD were included. Medical Subject Heading terms and Boolean operators were used. The search was limited to full-text english articles describing an adult population. This review included 67 studies: Diet(n = 19); PA/e(n = 19); and psychotherapy(n = 29). We have made the following recommendations:(1) Diet: Consumption of diets rich in vegetables, fruit and soluble fiber may be beneficial in IBD. A trial of a low FODMAP diet can be considered in those patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms. Restrictive diets are lacking in evidence and should be avoided;(2) PA/e: Regular lowmoderate intensity activity, including cardiovascular and resistance exercise, has been shown to improve quality of life(QOL) and may improve inflammation; and(3) psychotherapy: Therapies such as cognitive-behavioural interventions, mindfulness, hypnosis, and stress management have been shown to improve QOL, but evidence is limited on their impact on anxiety, depression, and disease activity. Overall, these complementary therapies are promising and should be used to treat patients with IBD from a more holistic perspective.

关键词： Scoping review Inflammatory bowel disease Diet exercise Psychotherapy

THe ANIMAL BONeS FROM A FURTHeR GROUP OF eARLY BRONZe AGe PITS AT OSTIANO, S. SALVATORe (Cremona)

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Natural Disaster Reduction in China 1989年第1期 301-310页

作者： gillian CLARK

The faunal remains from a group of pits excavated at Ostiano, S. Salvatore (Cremona- Northern Italy) are represented by bones of cattle, sheep/goat, pig and hare. Together with the archaeo-botanical and archaeological data, they reveal a well balanced, mixed subsistence strategy, combiningcereal agriculture and stock raising, adapted to the geographical and environmental location of this earlyBronze Age settlement. I resti faunistici di un altro gruppo di pozzetti del sito del Bronzo antico di Ostiano,S. Salvatore (Cremona). I reperti faunistici di Ostiano, S. Salvatore sono rappresentati da resti di bovini,capra/pecora, maiale e lepre. Unitamente ai reperti archeobotanici ed archeologici, questi docmnentanouna strategia di sussistenza ben bilanciata fra allevamento ed agricoltura che concorda con la localizza-zione geografico-ambientale del sito dell’età del Bronzo antica.

关键词： Pit SALVATORe THe ANIMAL BONeS FROM A FURTHeR GROUP OF eARLY BRONZe AGe PITS AT OSTIANO Cremona