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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020年第1期7卷 119-130页

作者： Elodie HOCHsCHEID gilles HALIN MAP-CRAI UMR n°3495 CNRS/MCC( cole Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Nancy)2 rue Bastien LepageNancyFrance Universitéde Lorraine NancyFrance

Building information modeling/management(BIM)is an emerging technological and procedural shift in the architecture,engineering,construction and operation *** this study,we use an extensive state-of-the-art method to clarify the BIM adoption process and the factors that can influence the success or failure of BIM adoption,particularly during the implementation stage,which are not frequently found in the *** an innovation,the lexical field allocated to the spread of innovations is assigned to BIM(diffusion,adoption,and implementation).After recalling the definition of relevant terms and then removing the resulting inconsistencies in vocabularies,we investigate various studies to identify factors that influence BIM adoption and then unify all these studies in one coherent and consistent BIM adoption process *** focus on factors that play a role in the adoption of BIM in small-and medium-sized enterprises(sMEs)because sMEs constitute the majority of companies in the construction *** research highlights and intends to fill in some gaps found in the current BIM adoption literature.

关键词： BIM adoption diffusion implementation change management sMEs literature review architecture firms

single step fabrication of N-doped graphene/si3N4/siC heterostructures

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Nano Research 2014年第6期7卷 835-843页

作者： Emilio Velez-Fort Emiliano Pallecchi Mathieu G. silly Mounib Bahri gilles Patriarche Abhay shukla Fausto sirotti Abdelkarim Ouerghi CNRs-Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN) Route de Nozay Marcoussis 91460 France Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (CNRs - IMPMC) 4 PL Jussieu Paris 75005 France synchrotron-sOLEIL Saint-Aubin BP48 F91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex France

In-plane heteroatom substitution of graphene is a promising strategy to modify its properties. The ability to dope graphene with electron-donor nitrogen heteroatoms is highly important for modulating electrical properties of graphene. Here we demonstrate a transfer-free method to directly grow large area quasi free-standing N-doped graphene bilayers on an insulating substrate （si3N4）. Electron-bombardment heating under nitrogen flux results in simultaneous growth of N-doped graphene and a si3N4 layer on the siC surface. The decoupling of N-doped graphene from the substrate and the presence of si3N4 are identified by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The substitution of nitrogen atoms in the graphene planes was confirmed using high resolution X-ray photoemission spectroscopy which reveals several atomic configurations for the nitrogen atoms： Graphitic-like, pyridine-like, and pyrrolic- like. Furthermore, we demonstrated for the first time that N-doped graphene could be used to efficiently probe oxygen molecules via nitrogen atom defects.

关键词： epitaxial graphene spectroscopy nitrogen-doped graphene low-energy electronmicroscopy electronic properties

Recent advances in development of vertical-cavity based short pulse source at 1.55 μm

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2014年第1期7卷 1-19页

作者： Zhuang ZHAO sophie BOUCHOULE Jean-Christophe HARMAND gilles PATRIARCHE Guy AUBIN Jean-Louis OUDAR Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN) CNRS Marcoussis France

This paper reviews and discusses recent developments in passively mode-locked vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers （ML-VECsELs） for short pulse generation at 1.55 gin. After comparing ML- VECsELs to other options for short pulse generation, we reviewed the results of ML-VECsELs operating at telecommunication wavelength and point out the chal- lenges in achieving sub-picosecond operation from a ML- VECsEL at 1.55 gm. We described our recent work in the VECsELs and semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors （sEsAMs）, their structure design, optimization and characterization, with the goal of moving the pulse width from picosecond to sub-picosecond.

关键词： semiconductor laser vertical external cavitysurface emitting laser (VECsEL) indium phosphide heatdissipation saturable absorber mirror mode-locking

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神经电极-脑组织界面微动环境力学特性仿真

浙江大学学报（工学版） 2013年第2期47卷 256-260,307页

作者：吴栋栋张文光 MERCERON gilles 罗云上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室上海200240 法国国立高等技术学院法国

为了解决电极的长期寿命问题,采用有限元方法对电极-脑组织界面的微动进行静态分析和瞬态分析,基于商用电极A1x16-3-100-413进行建模,研究微动频率f和电极界面黏附状态对电极-脑组织界面力学状态的影响.结果表明,f对等效应力σ最大值有... 详细信息

为了解决电极的长期寿命问题,采用有限元方法对电极-脑组织界面的微动进行静态分析和瞬态分析,基于商用电极A1x16-3-100-413进行建模,研究微动频率f和电极界面黏附状态对电极-脑组织界面力学状态的影响.结果表明,f对等效应力σ最大值有显著影响,高频率比低频率更不利于电极的长期稳定性,且存在临界值;f在20Hz左右时σ接近最大值,超过20Hz后f的影响减小;电极与脑组织之间的物理耦合度对界面力学状态有较大影响,增强电极和脑组织的黏附程度,可以有效减小微电极尖端和神经组织间的应力、应变以及分层,从而提高电极使用寿命.

关键词：微电极有限元法微动物理耦合度

The Bafoussam volcanic series:origin and evolution of the volcanism along the Cameroon volcanic line

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第6期41卷 1049-1068页

作者： Philippe Essomba gilles Chazot Nicaise Blaise Tchuimegnie Ngongang Arnaud Agranier Pierre Kamgang HervéBellon Philippe Nonnotte Pierre Wotchoko Innocent Badriyo Département Des sciences de La Terre FacultéDes SciencesUniversitéde YaoundéIB.P.812YaoundéCameroun Geo-Ocean CNRSIfremerUMR6538Univ Brest29280PlouzaneFrance Département Des sciences de La Terre FacultéDes SciencesUniversitéde DoualaDoualaCameroun Department of Geology Higher Teacher Training CollegeUniversity of BamendaBambiliBamendaCameroon Département de séismologie et Géologie Observatoire Volcanologique de Goma-RDCGomaRépublique Démocratique du Congo

The Bafoussam area in western Cameroon is part of the central Cameroon Volcanic Ligne(CVL).This study presents the mineralogy,major and trace element compositions,sr-Pb-Hf isotopes,and new K-Ar geochronological data about mafic and felsic volcanic *** rocks belong to two different series:A transitional series made of basalts,basaltic andesite,and trachytes and an alkaline mafic series with basalts,hawaiites,and *** age data show that the transitional series belongs to the oldest part of the CVL and was emplaced between 47 and 35 *** alkaline volcanism is younger,with ages ranging from10 to 4.5 *** evolution in both series is accomplished through a fractional crystallization process,with the removal of olivine and clinopyroxene,while plagioclase does not seem to be a major crystallizing *** the samples are enriched in incompatible trace elements,but the rocks from the alkaline series have more fractionated REE patterns and high Nb content compared to the transitional mafic *** lavas have lower initial^(87)sr/^(86)sr and higher^(176)Hf/^(177)Hf and Pb isotopic ratios than the transitional *** La/Nb and high^(87)sr/^(86)sriratio are among chemical characteristics that show that some samples from the transitional series have interacted with a crustal component during their evolution in the *** cannot be used for discussing the mantle source of the volcanic rocks from this *** elements show that primary magmas for both series formed in a garnet-bearing mantle source,with higher partial melting degrees(3-5%)for the transitional magmas than for the alkaline magmas(s and isotopic ratios,we show that the Bafoussam lavas formed from two different mantle *** magmas formed from a pyroxenite-bearing enriched mantle with low Pb isotopic *** mantle source is present in all the oldest lavas from the *** magmas formed from an HIMU-like mantle sourc

关键词： Cameroon Volcanic Line Bafoussam Mafic volcanic rocks Felsic volcanic rocks Mantle source

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B超在低出生体质量儿体质量估计中的应用

上海交通大学学报（医学版） 2006年第12期26卷 1396-1398页

作者：高玲 gilles GRANGE 上海交通大学医学院瑞金医院妇产科上海200025 巴黎Cochin医院附属Port-Royal产科医院

目的探讨B超估计低出生体质量儿体质量的准确性及其受羊水减少的影响程度。方法230例体质量0.05);各组估计体质量与实际出生体质量的差值也具有相关性(P<0.000 1)。结论B超能对体质量<2 000 g的低出生体质量儿在产前提供一个较为可靠的... 详细信息

目的探讨B超估计低出生体质量儿体质量的准确性及其受羊水减少的影响程度。方法230例体质量0.05);各组估计体质量与实际出生体质量的差值也具有相关性(P<0.000 1)。结论B超能对体质量<2 000 g的低出生体质量儿在产前提供一个较为可靠的体质量估计,且不受羊水量减少的影响,具有临床应用价值。

关键词：低出生体质量儿估计体质量羊水

有机-无机杂化核壳型乳胶粒的制备及其粒径控制

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化工学报 2005年第2期56卷 352-357页

作者：倪克钒单国荣翁志学 Elodie BourgeatLami gilles Fevotte 浙江大学聚合反应工程国家重点实验室 University Lyon1 CNRSCPEVilleurbanne cedex69616France

以苯乙烯乳液聚合合成种子, 再在种子外生成苯乙烯与甲基丙烯酸 3 三甲氧基硅丙酯 (MPs) 的共聚物,利用MPs中硅氧烷基的水解缩合反应, 形成交联的壳, 得到有机无机杂化型核壳乳胶粒. 然后用溶剂将聚苯乙烯模板溶解, 可得到空心微胶囊.... 详细信息

以苯乙烯乳液聚合合成种子, 再在种子外生成苯乙烯与甲基丙烯酸 3 三甲氧基硅丙酯 (MPs) 的共聚物,利用MPs中硅氧烷基的水解缩合反应, 形成交联的壳, 得到有机无机杂化型核壳乳胶粒. 然后用溶剂将聚苯乙烯模板溶解, 可得到空心微胶囊. 通过透射电镜 (TEM) 和动态光散射粒径仪 (DLs) 观测乳胶粒及微胶囊的形态. 并研究了乳化剂种类、介质 pH值、MPs用量和加入方式对粒径、粒子数和体系稳定性的影响. 发现非离子型乳化剂、酸性或碱性介质、MPs用量过多均促进乳胶粒子数减少, 减弱了乳液稳定性. 而采取连续滴加MPs的方法则可提高乳液的稳定性, 且粒径可控.

关键词：苯乙烯甲基丙烯酸-3-三甲氧基硅丙酯核壳有机-无机杂化微胶囊

Duodenal intraepithelial T lymphocytes in patients with functional dyspepsia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第16期13卷 2333-2338页

作者： gilles Gargala stéphane Lecleire Arnaud Franois serge Jacquot Pierre Déchelotte Jean Jacques Ballet Loic Favennec Philippe Ducrotté Parasitology Department Rouen University Hospital & EA 3234-IFRMP 23 University of Rouen France Gastroenterology Department Rouen University Hospital & EA 3234-IFRMP 23 University of Rouen France Pathology Department Rouen University Hospital France Immunology Department Rouen University Hospital & U.519-IFRMP 23 University of Rouen France Immunology Department Caen University Hospital & UPRES-EA 2128 University of Caen France

AIM： To quantify the intraepithelial lymphocytes （IELs） and to document the membrane expression of CD4, CD8, TCRγδ and adhesion and/or activation-associated molecules （CD103, CD28, CD44, CD69, HLA-DR, CD95/ Fas） in the duodenal mucosa of patients with functional dyspepsia （FD） in order to provide arguments for an immunological process in FD. METHODs： Twenty-six FD patients according to Rome Ⅱ criteria （20 were H pylori negative） were studied and compared to 12 healthy adults. IELs were isolated from five duodenal biopsy samples, then quantified by microscopy and flow cytometry while the membrane phenotypes were determined by cytofluorometry. REsULTs： Duodenal histological examination was normal. In H pylori negative patients, the number of IELs was not different from that in healthy controls. Median percentage expression of CD4, CD8, or TCRy8 and CD103, CD44, CD28, CD69 on CD3＋ IELs, among the adhesion/activation associated molecules tested, was not different from that in healthy controls. In contrast, the median percentage expression of CD95/ Fas [22 （9-65） vs 45 （19-88）, P = 0.03] and HLADR expressing CD3＋ IELs [4 （0-30） vs 13 （4-42）, P = 0.04] was significantly lower in the H pylori negative FD group than in healthy controls, respectively. The number of IELs was significantly greater in H pylori positive FD patients than in healthy controls [median ratio for 100 enterocytes 27.5 （6.7-62.5） vs 10.8 （3-33.3）, P = 0.02] due to a higher number of CD8＋ CD3＋ IELs. CONCLUsION： In H pylori negative FD patients, the phenotypic characterization of IELs suggests that we cannot exclude a role of IELs in FD.

关键词： Functional dyspepsia Intraepithelial T lymphocytes Gut CD95/Fas HLA-DR

France’s strategy on Migration Issues in the Mediterranean

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2020年第2期8卷 45-54页

作者： Kazunari sakai gilles Ferragu Kobe University KobeJapan University of Paris Nanterre ParisFrance

The Mediterranean sea is recognized by France as the most important adjacent area and also the gate to Africa,France’s vast sphere of influence beyond the *** political turmoil here since the Arab spring has begun,especially emergence of a flood of refugees coming to the EU,was a serious problem for *** current situation of EU,which is shaken over the acceptance of immigrants and refugees,is grave for France,having a strategic pillar which is to raise the own presence in global politics by obtaining the leadership in the *** sets out to put the migration and refugee issues to rest,to maintain EU’s political power and to seize the initiative in the *** article will analyze such a national strategy of France focusing on the process from Chirac’s administration to Macron’s.

关键词： France diplomacy EU migration Mediterranean

ABA-Mediated Inhibition of Germination Is Related to the Inhibition of Genes Encoding Cell-Wall Biosynthetic and Architecture： Modifying Enzymes and structural Proteins in Medicago truncatula Embryo Axis

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Molecular Plant 2009年第1期2卷 108-119页

作者： Christine Gimeno-gilles Eric Lelievre Laure Viau Mustafa Malik-Ghulam Claudie Ricoult Andreas Niebel Nathalie Leduc Anis M. Limami University of Angers UMR_A 1191 Physiologie Moleculaire des Semences (PMS) 2 Bd Lavoisier F-49045 Angers France UMR 441 CNRs-INRA Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire des Relations Plantes Micro-organismes (LIPM) Castanet-Tolosan 31326 cedex France University of Angers UMR Sciences Agronomiques Appliques a I'Horticulture (SAGAH) 2 Bd Lavoisier F-49045 Angers France

Radicle emergence and reserves mobilization are two distinct programmes that are thought to control germination. Both programs are influenced by abscissic acid （ABA） but how this hormone controls seed germination is still poorly known. Phenotypic and microscopic observations of the embryo axis of Medicago truncatula during germination in mitotic inhibition condition triggered by 10 μM oryzalin showed that cell division was not required to allow radicle emergence. A suppressive subtractive hybridization showed that more than 10% of up-regulated genes in the embryo axis encoded proteins related to cell-wall biosynthesis. The expression of α-expansins, pectin-esterase, xylogucan-endotransglycosidase, cellulose synthase, and extensins was monitored in the embryo axis of seeds germinated on water, constant and transitory ABA. These genes were overexpressed before completion of germination in the control and strongly inhibited by ABA. The expression was re-established in the ABA transitory-treatment after the seeds were transferred back on water and proceeded to germination. This proves these genes as contributors to the completion of germination and strengthen the idea that cell-wall loosening and remodeling in relation to cell expansion in the embryo axis is a determinant feature in germination. Our results also showed that ABA controls germination through the control of radicle emergence, namely by inhibiting cell-wall loosening and expansion.

关键词： ABA cell-wall expansion germination Medicago truncatula radicle emergence XET.