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Oral care offerings in populations of Ferlo (Senegal): The contribution of traditional dentistry

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2013年第2期3卷 89-92页

作者： Massamba Diouf gilles boetsch Anta Tal-Dia Jean Jacques Bonfil CNRS—UMI 3189 “Environnement Santé Sociétés” Faculté de Médecine Secteur Nord Marseille France Service d’Epidémiologie Faculté d’Odontologie Marseille France Service de Santé Publique et Médecine Préventive Faculté de Médecine Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal

The aim of this study was to examine whether the offering of traditional treatments can constitute a positive contribution to integrate in an oral public health care settings. Method: This was a cross-sectional study involving 300 people living in the area of Ferlo in East Central Senegal. Selected individuals must be residents of the area over the age of 15 years. Cluster sampling was used as a recruitment method. Data collected concerned the type of oral health care used whether modern or traditional, the periodontal condition (plaque, gingival and bleeding index, attachment loss, pocket depth and CPITN). Dental status was evaluated by DMFT. The data were analyzed with R software and the Student’s t test was used to compare the averages of indices in both groups at the threshold of 5%. A co-variance analysis was allowed in order to determine associations between some indices and therapy type in multivariate approach. Results: Averages of dental and periodontal indices were globally higher in people using modern therapies. DMFT, CPITN and gingival index increased significantly when the type of therapy was modern after adjustment on the plaque index and age. Conclusion: The traditional dentistry could constitute a positive contribution to a public health care, especially in a context of developing country. However, this practice should be guided and validated by a research-based evidence to allow better use of the therapeutic processes, and promote the health of populations.

关键词： Oral Care Supply Senegal Traditional Dentistry

Severity and Magnitude of Caries among Rural Populations in Ferlo in Senegal

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2016年第1期6卷 10-15页

作者： Diouf Massamba boetsch gilles Cisse Daouda Lo Cheikh Mouhamadou Mbacké Kanouté Aida Diop Mbatio Barro Ibrahima Faye Daouda Public Health Service Department of Dentistry Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal CNRS-UMI “Environment Health Society” Marseille France

Oral diseases belong to non-communicable diseases. They are characterized by their importance especially in disadvantaged areas. The objective of this study was to measure the extent and severity of caries among rural populations of Widou, an area located in central Ferlo. It was a descriptive and cross-sectional study which involved 300 individuals selected using simple random sampling. The socio-demographic characteristics collected were sex, age, educational level and occupation. The dental status was rated by the prevalence of dental caries and DMF and its components. The data were analyzed with the software Epi info 3.4.5 with 5% of threshold statistical significance. The prevalence of dental caries was 89%. The mean DMF was 5.4 ± 5.6 with a maximum of 26. The mean of component “D” was 3.8 with a maximum of 24. Variables significantly associated with dental caries were sex (p = 0.012) and occupation (p = 0.03). The extent and severity of caries in rural areas of the Ferlo evoke a relatively low support or management and require efforts in prevention, directed on oral hygiene and dietary habits.

关键词： Dental Status Rural Population Ferlo Senegal

A survey on automatic dashboard recommendation systems

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Visual Informatics 2024年第1期8卷 67-79页

作者： Praveen Soni Cyril de Runz Fatma Bouali gilles Venturini LIFAT University of Tours64 avenue Jean PortalisTours37200France IUT C University of Lille53 Rue de l’AlmaRoubaix59100France

This paper presents a survey on automatic or semi-automatic recommendation systems that help users create *** starts by showing the important role that dashboards play in data science,and gives an informal definition of dashboards,i.e.,a set of visualizations possibly with linkage,a screen layout and user *** are mainly interested in systems that use a fully or partially automatic mechanism to recommend dashboards to *** automation includes the suggestion of data and visualizations,the optimization of the layout and the use of user *** position our work with respect to existing *** from a set of over 1000 papers,we have selected and analyzed 19 papers/systems along several *** main dimensions were the set of considered visualizations,the suggestion method,the utility/objective functions,the layout,and the user *** conclude by highlighting the main achievements in this domain and by proposing perspectives.

关键词： Automatic visualization Dashboard recommendation Multiple view interfaces

Petrology of Spinel-Lherzolite Xenoliths from Mazéléand Others Northen Xenoliths Localities of Cameroon Volcanic Line: Exchange Reactions and Equilibrium State

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第5期14卷 629-653页

作者： Nguihdama Dagwai Kamgang Pierre Mbowou Gbambié Isaac Bertrand Chazot gilles Ngounouno Ismaïla Department of Life and Earth Sciences Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Mineral Prospecting and Exploration Technologies School of Geology and Mining Engineering University of Ngaoundere Meiganga Cameroon Ocean Geosciences Laboratory European University Institute of the Sea (IUEM) Brest France

The alkaline volcanism of the Cameroon Volcanic Line in its northern domain has raised many fresh enclaves of peridotites. The samples selected come from five (05) different localities (Liri, in the plateau of Kapsiki, Mazélé in the NE of Ngaoundéré, Tello and Ganguiré in the SE of Ngaoundéré and Likok, locality located in the west of Ngaoundé). The peridotite enclaves of the above localities show restricted mineralogical variation. Most are four-phase spinel-lherzolites, indicating that this is the main lithology that forms the lithospheric mantle below the shallow zone. No traces of garnet or primary plagioclase were detected, which strongly limits the depth range from which the rock fragments were sampled. The textures and the wide equilibrium temperatures (884˚C - 1115˚C) indicate also entrainment of lherzolite xenoliths from shallow depths within the lithosphere and the presence of mantle diapirism. The exchange reactions and equilibrium state established in this work make it possible to characterize the chemical composition of the upper mantle of each region and test the equilibrium state of the phases between them. Variations of major oxides and incompatible elemental concentrations in clinopyroxene indicate a primary control by partial melting. The absence of typical “metasomatic” minerals, low equilibration temperatures and enriched LREE patterns indicate that the upper mantle below septentrional crust of Cameroun underwent an event of cryptic metasomatic enrichment prior to partial melting. The distinctive chemical features, LREE enrichment, strong U, Ce and Pr, depletion relative to Ba, Nb, La, Pb, and T, fractionation of Zr and Hf and therefore ligh high Zr/Hf ratio, low La/Yb, Nb/La and Ti/Eu are all results of interaction of refractory peridotite residues with carbonatite melts.

关键词： Xenoliths Upper Mantle Northern Region Adamawa Cameroon Volcanic Line Exchange Reaction

从国家文化安全的视角剖析海外华人的安全形势——基于欧洲华人社群的经验数据

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长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第4期39卷 120-130页

作者：李武智 gilles Guiheux 巴黎西岱大学亚非美社会科学研究中心法国巴黎75013

文章参考西方学术界关于东方主义和种族主义的相关理论,结合不同职业、不同年龄的欧洲华人社群的经验数据,剖析这一群体所处的文化安全处境,探索文化安全对其经济安全、人身安全和身份认同安全的影响。研究发现,西方社会对包括中国在内... 详细信息

文章参考西方学术界关于东方主义和种族主义的相关理论,结合不同职业、不同年龄的欧洲华人社群的经验数据,剖析这一群体所处的文化安全处境,探索文化安全对其经济安全、人身安全和身份认同安全的影响。研究发现,西方社会对包括中国在内的东方主义印象与对移民群体的种族主义偏见有着紧密联系,这使得欧洲华人群体的文化安全形势复杂且脆弱。保护海外华人个体的文化安全与保卫我国整体的文化安全密不可分,海外华人所处的文化安全形势对理解我国面临的整体文化安全挑战至关重要。

关键词：文化安全东方主义文化帝国主义种族主义移民海外华人

Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for fast germplasm analysis and classification in multi-environment using intact-seed peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 132-141页

作者： Fentanesh Chekole Kassie gilles Chaix Hermine Bille Ngalle Maguette Seye Coura Fall Hodo-Abalo Tossim Aissatou Sambou Olivier Gibert Fabrice Davrieux Joseph Martin Bell Jean-Francois Rami Daniel Fonceka Joel Romaric Nguepjop Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeP.O.Box 337Cameroon Department of Plant Science College of AgricultureWolaita Sodo UniversitySodoP.O.Box 138Ethiopia CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierFrance AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierFrance ChemHouse Research Group MontpellierFrance Centre D’Etudes Regional Pour L’Amelioration de L’Adaptation a La Secheresse(CERAAS/ISRA) Route de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal Dispositif de Recherche et de Formation en Partenariat Innovation et Amelioration Varietale en Afrique de L’Ouest(IAVAO)CERAASRoute de KhomboleThiesBP 3320Senegal CIRAD UMR QUALISUDSaint PierreFrance

Peanut is a worldwide oilseed crop and the need to assess germplasm in a non-destructive manner is important for seed nutritional *** this study,Near Infrared Spectroscopy(NIRS)was applied to rapidly assess germplasm variability from whole seed of 699 samples,field-collected and assembled in four genetic and environmentbased sets:one set of 300 varieties of a core-collection and three sets of 133 genotypes of an interspecific population,evaluated in three environments in a large spatial scale of two countries,Mbalmayo and Bafia in Cameroon and Nioro in Senegal,under rainfed *** elemental spectra were gathered on six subsets of seeds of each sample,after three rotation scans,with a spectral resolution of 16 cm-1over the spectral range of867 nm to 2530 *** were then processed by principal component analysis(PCA)coupled with Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA).As results,a huge variability was found between varieties and genotypes for all NIR wavelength within and between *** magnitude of genetic variation was particularly observed at 11 relevant wavelengths such as 1723 nm,usually related to oil content and fatty acid *** yielded the most chemical attributes in three significant PCs(i.e.,eigenvalues>10),which together captured 93%of the total variation,revealing genetic and environment structure of varieties and genotypes into four clusters,corresponding to the four samples *** pattern of genetic variability of the interspecific population covers,remarkably half of spectrum of the core-collection,turning out to be the ***,a PLS-DA model was developed and a strong accuracy of 99.6%was achieved for the four sets,aiming to classify each seed sample according to environment *** confusion matrix achieved for the two sets of Bafia and Nioro showed 100%of instances classified correctly with 100%at both sensitivity and specificity,confirming that their seed quality was different f

关键词： Groundnut Oilseed Near infrared spectroscopy Germplasm analysis Environment Nutritional Breeding

Photothermal phase change material microcapsules via cellulose nanocrystal and graphene oxide co-stabilized Pickering emulsion for solar and thermal energy storage

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Science China Materials 2024年第10期67卷 3225-3235页

作者： Wang Sun Zhe Zhang Zhen Zhang Nisha He Qiang Wei Liu Feng Zhenghao Wang Jie Wu Can Liu Shiyu Fu Yelin Hou gilles Sebe Guofu Zhou SCNU-TUE Joint Lab of Device Integrated Responsive Materials(DIRM) Institute of Electronic Paper DisplaysSouth China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymeres Organiques(LCPO) UMR 5629University of BordeauxCNRSBordeaux INPPessac F-33600France State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

Phase change materials(PCMs)have attracted significant attention in thermal management due to their ability to store and release large amounts of heat during phase ***,their widespread application is restricted by leakage *** PCMs within polymeric microcapsules is a promising strategy to prevent leakage and increase heat transfer area with ***,photothermal PCM microcapsules are particularly desirable for solar energy ***,we fabricated photothermal PCM microcapsules with melamine-formaldehyde resin(MF)as shell using cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)and graphene oxide(GO)co-stabilized Pickering emulsion droplets as *** displays outstanding Pickering emulsifying ability and can facilitate the fixation of GO at the oil-water interface,resulting in a stable CNC/GO co-stabilized PCM Pickering emulsion.A polydopamine(PDA)layer was coated in-situ on the emulsion droplets via oxidization self-polymerization of ***,GO was reduced to reduced GO(rGO)due to the reducing ability of *** outmost MF shell of the PCM microcapsules was formed in-situ through the polymerization and crosslinking of MF *** resulted PCM@CNC/rGO/PDA/MF microcapsules exhibit uniform sizes in the micrometer range,excellent leakage-proof performance,high phase change enthalpy(175.4 J g^(−1))and PCM encapsulation content(84.2%).Moreover,the presence of rGO and PDA endows PCM@CNC/rGO/PDA/MF microcapsules with outstanding photothermal conversion *** temperature of PCM@CNC/rGO/PDA/MF microcapsule slurries(15wt.%)can reach 73°C after light irradiation at 1 W cm^(−2).Therefore,photothermal PCM@CNC/rGO/PDA/MF microcapsules are promising for solar energy harvesting,thermal energy storage,and release in various applications,such as energy-efficient buildings and smart textiles.

关键词： graphene oxide cellulose nanocrystal Pickering emulsion phase change material microcapsule photothermal

从Grothendieck到Naor:漫步Banach空间的度量分析学

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数学译林 2024年第2期43卷 105-118页

作者： gilles Godefroy 赵振江(译) 唐境(校) 不详

1954年7月,Alexandre Grothendieck(格罗滕迪克)给他的“关于拓扑向量空间理论的相对完整的课程,或者更确切地说,它是一个理论的部分,这个理论可以被认为是***(巴拿赫)的想法的直接延伸和结果”写了导言,该书以《拓扑向量空间(Espaces v... 详细信息

1954年7月,Alexandre Grothendieck(格罗滕迪克)给他的“关于拓扑向量空间理论的相对完整的课程,或者更确切地说,它是一个理论的部分,这个理论可以被认为是***(巴拿赫)的想法的直接延伸和结果”写了导言,该书以《拓扑向量空间(Espaces vectoriels topologiques)》为名在圣保罗出版.

关键词：拓扑向量空间 Banach空间巴拿赫度量分析圣保罗

A Budd-Chiari Syndrome Due to C Protein Deficiency: A Case Report at YaoundéGeneral Hospital (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期14卷 117-124页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam gilles Gael Aghoagni Gouajio Armel Awana Tenone Danah Larry Tangie Ngek Mathurin Kowo Firmin Andoulo Ankouane Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Came-roon Department of Internal Medicine and Peadiatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buéa Buéa Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

Primary Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a spontaneously fatal disease characterized by an obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract due to thrombosis or a primary disease of the venous wall. The primary form of BCS is extremely rare. This is a disease mainly affecting young adults of both sexes. Clinical manifestations are variable;they can be asymptomatic, acute, or subacute but mostly chronic. Several causes have been identified, such as myeloproliferative syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and inherited thrombotic disorders. Data on primary BCS in Sub-Saharan Africa is rare as most publications available are case reports. In these reports, the causes are unknown with poor prognosis in most cases often leading to patient death. We herein present a case report of a male patient diagnosed with a primary BCS at Yaoundé General Hospital (Cameroon) caused by a Protein C deficiency who presented with ascites decompensating liver cirrhosis. Treatment was based on anticoagulants, diuretics and laxatives administration. Two years after the diagnosis, the patient is alive with clinical and paraclinical improvement.

关键词： Budd-Chiari Syndrome Hepatic Veins Liver Cirrhosis Protein C Deficiency Cameroon