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GIS Water Quality Sim.lation Study: Chinchuba Watershed

Journal of Geographic Inform.tion System 2019年第3期11卷 405-410页

作者： gianna m. cothren Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering College of Engineering University of New Orleans New Orleans LA USA

The purpose of the study is to enhance the watershed m.nagem.nt for St. Tam.any parish, LA through developm.nt of a m.del that will account for water quality im.acts. Bayou Chinchuba in St. Tam.any parish Louisiana is selected for this water quality m.del. Developed with HSPF (Hydrologic Sim.lation Program.in Fortran), the m.del is used to calculate NO3, PO4, and BOD loading rates for varying scenarios of land use developm.nt. GIS tools are used to determ.ne, visualize, and com.are the total loads generated within sub-basins of the watershed based on the m.del sim.lation results. With the GIS calculation of NO3, PO4, and BOD total load and visualization enhancem.nt, this tool sim.lates existing conditions and com.ares the water quality im.act to 2020 expectation values.

关键词： GIS HSPF Water Quality Sim.lation Landuse

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Ethylene-inhibiting com.ound 1-m.P delays leaf senescence in cotton plants under abiotic stress conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第7期14卷 1321-1331页

作者： CHEN Yuan J T cothren CHEN De-hua Am.r m.H Ibrahim.Leonardo Lom.ardini Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station 77840USA Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Departm.nt of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M University College Station 77840USA

Cotton （Gossypium.hirsutum.L.） plants produce m.re ethylene when subjected to abiotic stresses, such as high tem.eratures and drought, which result in prem.ture leaf senescence, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and thus decreased yield. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the ethylene-inhibiting com.ound 1-m.thylcyclopropene （I-m.P） treatm.nt of cotton plants can delay leaf senescence under high tem.erature, drought, and the aging process in controlled environ- m.ntal conditions. Potted cotton plants were exposed to 1-m.P treatm.nt at the early square stage of developm.nt. The protective effect of 1-m.P against m.m.rane dam.ge was found on older com.ared to younger leaves, indicating 1-m.P could lower the stress level caused by aging. Application of 1-m.P resulted in reduction of lipid peroxidation, m.m.rane leakage, soluble sugar content, and increased chlorophyll content, in contrast to the untreated plants under heat stress, suggesting that 1-m.P treatm.nt of cotton plants m.y also have the potential to reduce the effect of heat stress in term. of delayed senescence. Application of 1-m.P caused reductions of lipid peroxidation, m.m.rane leakage, and soluble sugar content, together with increases in water use efficiency （WUE）, water potential, chlorophyll content, and fluorescence quantum.efficiency, com.ared to the untreated plants under drought, suggesting that 1-m.P treatm.nt of cotton plants m.y also have the ability to reduce the level of stress under drought conditions. In conclusion, 1-m.P treatm.nt of cotton should have the potential to delay senescence under heat and drought stress, and the aging process. Additionally, 1-m.P is m.re effective under stress than under non-stress conditions.

关键词： 1-m.P ethylene m.m.rane leakage lipid peroxidation chlorophyll fluorescence total soluble sugar

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Effects of Extrem. Air Tem.erature and Hum.dity on the Insecticidal Expression Level of Bt Cotton

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1836-1844页

作者： CHENYuan WEN Yu-jin CHEN Yuan John Tom.cothren ZHANG Xiang WANG Yong-hui William. Payne CHEN De-hua Ecology and Cultivation in m.ddle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River Ministry of Agriculture/Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R.China Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX77843 USA Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology Jiangsu Province/Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R. China Norm.n Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture Texas A&M University College Station TX77843 USA

The higher survival rates of Helicoverpa am.gera larvae were usually observed after adverse clim.te which was related to extrem. tem.erature （T） and relative hum.dity （RH） stresses in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） cotton. The unstable resistance of Bt cotton to bollworm. has been correlated with the reduced expression of CrylAc δ-endotoxin. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of com.ined tem.erature and relative hum.dity stresses on the leaf CrylAc insecticidal protein expression during critical developm.ntal stages. The study was undertaken on two transgenic cotton cultivars that share sam. parental background, Sikang 1 （a conventional cultivar） and Sikang 3 （a hybrid cultivar）, during the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons at the Yangzhou University Farm. Yangzhou, China. The study was arranged with two factors that consisted of tem.erature （two levels） and relative hum.dity （three levels）. The six T/RH treatm.nts were 37℃/95%, 37℃/70%, 37℃/50%, 18℃/95%, 18℃/70%, and 18℃/50%. In 2007, the six treatm.nts were im.osed to the plants at peak flowering stage for 24 h; in 2008, the six treatm.nts were applied to the plants at peak square, peak flowering, and peak boll stages for 48 h. The results of the study indicated that the leaf insecticidal protein expression in CrylAc was significantly affected by extrem. tem.erature only at peak flowering stage, and by both extrem. tem.erature and relative hum.dity during boll filling stage. The greatest reductions were observed when the stresses were applied at peak boll stage. In 2008, after 48 h stress treatm.nt, the leaf Bt endotoxin expression reduced by 25.9-36.7 and 23.6-40.5% at peak boll stage, but only by 14.9-26.5 and 12.8-24.0% at peak flowering stage for Sikang 1 and Sikang 3, respectively. The greatest reduction was found under the low tem.erature com.ined with low relative hum.dity condition for both years. It is believed that the tem.erature and relative hum.dity stresses m.y be attribut

关键词： Bt cotton high tem.erature low tem.erature relative hum.dity CryIAc protein

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Effect of 1-m.P on Boll Developm.nt and Subtending Leaves of Cotton (<i>Gossypium.hirsutum.lt;/i>L.) Plants

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Am.rican Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第21期5卷 3345-3353页

作者： Yuan Chen J. Tom.cothren Dehua Chen Am.r m. H. Ibrahim.Leonardo Lom.ardini Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A & M University College Station USA Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China Departm.nt of Horticultural Sciences Texas A & M University College Station USA

Ethylene regulates m.ltiple physiological processes in cotton (Gossypium.hirsutum.L.) ranging from.square and boll abscission to senescence. This field study investigated the effect of an ethylene inhibiting com.ound 1-m.thylcyclopropene (1-m.P) on boll developm.nt and the corresponding subtending leaves. The study was conducted in 2011 and 2012 at the Texas A & m.Agri-LIFE Research Farm.in Burleson County, TX. The study consisted of two rates of 1-m.P (0 and 10 g a.i. ha-1) applied at one and two weeks after first flower. Boll developm.nt and subtending leaves were studied on the tagged flowers during the growing season. 1-m.P treatm.nt increased cotton boll weight at 20 days after flowering. This study showed that 1-m.P-treated subtending leaves exhibited decreased m.m.rane dam.ge and lipid peroxidation, and higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency at 20 to 30 days after flowering. The healthier state of subtending leaves should have provided m.re carbohydrates for the fruits which could partially explain the reason for the increased boll weight. However, this beneficial effect of 1-m.P did not last to the end of the growing season and failed to result in a yield increase ultim.tely. m.ltiple applications or extending effective duration of 1-m.P is desirable to enhance the activity of 1-m.P to m.ke a significant difference in cotton yield.

关键词： 1-m.P Ethylene Abscission Leaf Senescence Subtending Leaf Boll Developm.nt

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Effect of 1-m.P on Cotton Plants under Abiotic Stress Caused by Ethephon

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Am.rican Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第20期5卷 3005-3016页

作者： Yuan Chen J. T. cothren Dehua Chen Am.r m. H. Ibrahim.Leonardo Lom.ardini Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX USA Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China Departm.nt of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

m.ny environm.ntal stress factors have been identified to increase square and boll abscission and thus result in reduced cotton yield. Under stress conditions, ethylene is elicited. Ethylene peaks before abscission to prom.te the form.tion of the abscission layer and plays a m.jor role in early season square and boll abortion in cotton (Gossypium.hirsutum.L.). In addition, ethylene stim.lates the leaf senescence process. Thus, it is desirable to protect plants from.ethylene-induced fruit loss and prem.ture leaf senescence under stress conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of 1-m.thylcyclopropene (1-m.P) to protect cotton plants against abiotic stress caused by ethephon (ethylene prom.ting effect). Field studies using a random.zed com.lete block design with four replications were conducted in 2010 and 2011 at Texas A&m.AgriLIFE Research Farm.in Burleson County, TX. Eight treatm.nts that consisted of two 1-m.P rates (0 and 10 g a.i. ha-1) in com.ination with four ethephon rates (0, 146, 292, 438 m.&m.ddotha-1) were im.osed at the first flower (FF) stage of the developm.nt. 1-m.P increased plant height and num.er of m.in stem.nodes in both years. In addition, 1-m.P-treated plants exhibited greater m.m.rane integrity and increased photosystem.II quantum.efficiency and thus delayed senescence in both years. These potentials for yield increase were realized in 2011 with 1-m.P treatm.nt exhibiting a higher lint yield. In 2012, although 1-m.P treatm.nt increased num.er of open fruit and open fruit weight per plant significantly, no significant lint yield increase was detected.

关键词： 1-m.P Ethephon Yield Com.onents Yield Distribution Leaf Senescence

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Stable m.thylam.onium.Free p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells and m.ni-m.dules with Phenothiazine Dim.rs as Hole-Transporting m.terials

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Energy & Environm.ntal m.terials 2023年第6期6卷 383-392页

作者： Luigi Angelo Castriotta Rossella Infantino Luigi Vesce m.urizio Stefanelli Alessio Dessì Carm.n Coppola m.ssim. Calam.nte gianna Reginato Alessandro m.rdini Adalgisa Sinicropi Aldo Di Carlo Lorenzo Zani Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy(C.H.O.S.E.) Department of Electronic EngineeringUniversity of Rome Tor Vergata00133 RomeItaly Institute of Chem.stry of Organom.tallic Com.ounds(CNR-ICCOm. Via Madonna del Piano 1050019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Departm.nt of Biotechnology Chemistry and PharmacyUniversity of SienaVia Aldo Moro 253100 SienaItaly CSGI Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande InterfaseVia della Lastruccia 350019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Departm.nt of Chem.stry“U.Schiff” University of FlorenceVia della Lastruccia 1350019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Institute of Structure of m.tter(CNR-ISm. Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 10000133 RomeItaly

During the last decade,perovskite solar technologies underwent an im.ressive developm.nt,with power conversion efficiencies reaching 25.5%for single-junction devices and 29.8%for Silicon-Perovskite tandem.*** though research m.inly focused on im.roving the efficiency of perovskite photovoltaics(PV),stability and scalability rem.in fundam.ntal aspects of a m.ture photovoltaics *** n-i-p structure perovskite solar cells,using poly-triaryl(am.ne)(PTAA)as hole transport layer(HTL)allowed to achieve m.rked im.rovem.nts in device stability com.ared with other com.on hole *** p-i-n structure,poly-triaryl(am.ne)is also routinely used as dopant-free hole transport layer,but problem. in perovskite film.growth,and its lim.ted resistance to stress and im.erfect batch-to-batch reproducibility,ham.er its use for device *** previous com.utational investigations,in this work,we report the synthesis of two sm.ll-m.lecule organic hole transport layers(BPT-1,2),aim.ng to solve the above-m.ntioned issues and allow upscale to the m.dule *** using BPT-1 and m.thylam.onium.free perovskite,*** conversion efficiencies of 17.26%and 15.42%on a sm.ll area(0.09 cm.(2))and m.ni-m.dule size(2.25 cm.(2)),respectively,were obtained,with a better reproducibility than with poly-triaryl(am.ne).m.reover,BPT-1 was dem.nstrated to yield m.re stable devices com.ared with poly-triaryl(am.ne)under ISOS-D1,T1,and L1 accelerated life-test protocols,reaching m.xim.m.T_(90)values>1000 h on all tests.

关键词： m.thylam.onium.free perovskite m.ni-m.dules organic hole-transporting layers perovskite solar cells stability studies

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