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Assessing the impact of artificial recharge on groundwater in an overexploited aquifer: A case study in the Cheria Basin, North-East of Algeria

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地下水科学与工程:英文版 2023年第3期11卷 263-277页

作者： Mouna Djellali Omar Guefaïfia Chemsedinne Fehdi Adel Djellali Amor hamad Sedimentary Environment Mineral and Water Resources of Eastern Algeria LaboratoryDepartment of Earth sciences and universeLarbi Tebessi University12002 TebessaAlgeria Environmental laboratory Mining instituteLarbi Tebessi University12002 TebessaAlgeria

The Cheria region in Northeastern Algeria has been facing aquifer overexploitation by the agricultural sector and prolonged droughts,resulting in a considerable decline in groundwater *** study investigates the feasibility of implementing artificial recharge techniques to replenish the Eocene aquifer which serves as the primary water source in the Cheria region.A 3D transient numerical model,based on the finite difference method,was used to simulate groundwater flow from 2021 to 2031 using Visual MODFLOW *** the modelling process,three scenarios were considered:(1)including pumping without a recharge,(2)recharge of the entire area through efficient infiltration without pumping,and(3)artificial recharge using river water infiltration basins at two sites,Draa Douamis sinkholes and Eocene limestone *** simulation results showed that aquifer exploitation without recharge caused significant drawdowns,which were 3 m to 7 m in the north-eastern part and 8 m to 12 m in the central and southern *** contrast,the second scenario,involving recharge without pumping,showed a rise in groundwater levels of 2 m to 2.7 m in the north-eastern part and 3 m to 3.62 m in the central and southern *** third scenario,employing artificial recharge,indicated a positive response to artificial recharge,with increased piezometric levels at the proposed sites,signifying a beneficial impact on the *** findings underline the potential of artificial recharge as a promising approach to address the groundwater depletion and environmental issues in the Cheria Basin.

关键词： Eocene limestone Piezometric level Numerical simulation Visual MODFLOW Flex Artificial recharge

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The Hydrogen Energy Potential of Solid Waste: A Case Study of Misrata City

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2019年第2期9卷 45-53页

作者： Moutaz Benali Tarek hamad Yousif hamad Ahmad Belkhair Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Omar Al-Mukhtar University El-Beida Libya

This study presents an overview on solid waste that can be used as a source of bioenergy in Misrata including municipal solid waste (MSW), industrial solid waste (ISW), and healthcare solid waste (HSW) as biomass sources. The management of solid waste and valorization is based on an understanding of MSW’s and HSW’s composition and physicochemical characteristics. Of MSW’s, the results show that organic matter represents 59% of waste, followed by paper-cardboard 12%, miscellaneous 10%, plastic 8%, metals 7% and glass 4%. While HSW comprised of 72% general healthcare waste (non-risk) and 28% hazardous waste. The average general waste composition was: 38% organic, 24% plastics, and 20% paper. The potential of hydrogen energy produced from biogas in Misrata including MSW, and other organic feedstock such as food and kitchen waste, animal wastes, clover and reeds, wheat residues, barley residues, HSW and sewage waste as biomass sources. The total potential hydrogen output is estimated to be around 10,265 tons per year.

关键词： Hydrogen Solid Waste Waste to Energy Biomass Sources Bioenergy

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Habitual khat chewing and oral melanoacanthoma: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第2期11卷 449-455页

作者： hamad Albagieh Ashwag Aloyouny Rana Alshagroud Abdulaziz Alwakeel Shahad Alkait Fatimah Almufarji Ghadeer Almutairi Rana Alkhalaf Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science Department College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Basic Dental Science College of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Oral Medicine Ministry of HealthTabuk 00000Saudi Arabia Postgraduate College of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Habitual khat(Catha edulis) chewing has been proven to cause numerous oral tissue changes. However, oral melanoacanthoma triggered by chronic khat chewing is rare. Oral melanoacanthoma is an uncommon, sudden, asymptomatic, benign pigmentation of the oral cavity. Under the microscope, the epithelial layer of the oral mucosa showed dendritic melanocyte proliferation and acanthosis. The study aimed to highlight chronic khat chewing as a trigger for oral *** SUMMARY In the current study, we report a case of a 26-year-old male patient with a rare presentation of oral melanoacanthoma triggered by regular khat chewing. Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors can cause oral pigmentation. Chewing khat is an extrinsic factor that can cause several diseases, including oral pigmentation. In this case, the definitive diagnosis was oral melanoacanthoma. This diagnosis was made based on the patient’s history, clinical lesion presentation, and microscopic biopsy *** Habitual khat(Catha edulis) chewing causes many oral tissue changes including oral melanoacanthoma. The study aimed to highlight chronic khat chewing as a trigger for oral melanoacanthoma.

关键词： Oral melanoacanthoma Oral lesion Qaat chewing Oral pigmentation Brown pigmentation Benign lesion Case report

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Preparation and surface characterization of nanodisk/nanoflower-structured gallium-doped zinc oxide as a catalyst for sensor applications

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016年第8期37卷 1235-1241页

作者： R. Jothi Ramalingam T.Radika hamad A.Al-Lohedan 沙特阿拉伯国王大学理学院化学系表面活性剂研究中心沙特阿拉伯利雅得11451 印度电子技术材料研究中心印度喀拉拉邦特里苏尔蔚山大学工程学院韩国

Nanostructured gallium‐doped zinc oxide （GZO） thin films were fabricated on piezoelectric sub‐strates. The GZO thin films with nanodisk/nanoflower morphologies were prepared by a simple spin‐coating process followed by one‐step hydrothermal treatment. Addition of polymer during hydrothermal treatment resulted in nanodisk and nanoflower morphologies. The morphology, microstructure and chemical composition of thin films prepared under different conditions were examined by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy （FE‐SEM）, X‐ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD and FE‐SEM investigations confirmed that the GZO nanodisks, na‐norods and nanoflowers formed on the AlN/Si substrates were all wurtzite phase. Green fluorescent protein （GFP） was immobilized on the as‐synthesized GZO nanostructured materials by a dipping process. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements were con‐ducted to confirm the surface binding nature of GFP on the GZO nanostructures to determine their suitability for use in sensor applications and bioimaging techniques. Trace‐level addition of GFP to the GZO nanostructures resulted in a fluorescence response, revealing good activity for ultraviolet light sensor applications.

关键词： Semiconductors Thin films Sol-gel growth Atomic force microscopy Electrical conductivity Surface property

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Performance Enhancement of SOVA Based Decoder in SCCC and PCCC Schemes

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Wireless Engineering and Technology 2013年第1期4卷 40-45页

作者： Ahmed A. hamad Department of Electrical Engineering University of Babylon Babel Iraq

This study proposes a simple scaling factor approach to improve the performance of parallel-concatenated convolutional code (PCCC) and serial concatenated convolutional code (SCCC) systems based on suboptimal soft-input soft-output (SISO) decoders. Fixed and adaptive scaling factors were estimated to mitigate both the optimistic nature of a posteriori information and the correlation between intrinsic and extrinsic information produced by soft-output Viterbi (SOVA) decoders. The scaling factors could be computed off-line to reduce processing time and implementation complexity. The simulation results show a significant improvement in terms of bit-error rate (BER) over additive white Gaussian noise and Rayleigh fading channel. The convergence properties of the suggested iterative scheme are assessed using the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart analysis technique.

关键词： Turbo Codes SOVA SCCC Scaling Factor EXIT

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Relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Food Balance in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第8期3卷 591-596页

作者： Aljabryn Dalai hamad Nutrition and Food Science Department Princess Nora University Riyadh 56994 Saudi Arabia

The present explanatory study was carried out to investigate the relation between diabetes mellitus and food balance in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2005-2010, using published data. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between food balance and diabetes mellitus, using published data on food balances in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2005-2007, published by the Ministry of Agriculture in 2012 and Medical Technical papers and Scientific Reports published on Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia in an explanatory study. Food balance was calculated per capita and then its level of change was compared with changing of diabetes mellitus in the country. Results illustrated that Saudi citizen daily protein consumption （DPC） during 2005-2007 （g/capita/day） is higher than the average global consumption level of protein with 15.27%, daily fat consumption （DFC） with 24.56% and daily energy consumption （DEC） with 16.93% and increases than recommended level by International Nutrition Organizations （INO） with 56% for protein, 60.49% for fat and 27.37% for energy. On the other hand, DPC per capita in Saudi Arabia decreased during the period 2008-2010 from 88.3 g/day to 82.36 g/day. Moreover, DFC per capita in Saudi Arabia decreased during the period 2008-2010 from 3,247.90 Cal/capita/day to 3,176.43 Cal/capita/day, and daily energy consumption （DEC） of Saudi citizen increases than world consumption with 16.93%, while increases with 27.37% than INO. Despite this, DPC, DFC and DEC per capita in Saudi Arabia were still higher than world mean. On the other side, results illustrated that the number of diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia during the same period （2005-2010）. The curve of diabetic patient＇s number in Saudi Arabia during 2005-2010 is regular ascending with increasing level ranged between 7.10% in 2005 and 12.44% in 2010. It is essential to devise Saudi National Programme to educate the public about the relation of food balances and diabetes, so it cou

关键词： Diabetes mellitus food balance protein fat energy Saudi Arabia.

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Electrocaloric properties of Zr-modified Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3) polycrystalline ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2013年第4期3卷 34-38页

作者： Mahmoud A.hamad Physics Department College of ScienceAl Jouf University Al JoufSkakaP.O.Box 2014Saudi Arabia Physics Department Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTantaEgypt

In this work,electrocaloric properties of Pb(Mg_(1/3)Zr_(2x/3)Nb_(2(1-x)3))O_(3-x/3) polycrystalline ceramics for different stoichiometric compositions have been *** results show that largest changes(ΔT)are in range of 1.07 to 4.84 K in 10 kV cm^(-1) electric field *** values are significantly large,and are comparable with values of other lead-containing ceramics under the same or larger electric field *** conclusion is that these materials are excellent candidates for working materials in refrigeration and liquefaction devices in a wide temperature range.

关键词： Electrocaloric effect entropy change heat capacity change

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Breast Cancer Detection Based on Multi-Slotted Patch Antenna at ISM Band

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Circuits and Systems 2023年第5期14卷 1-9页

作者： Mussa Elsaadi Rema hamad Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Tobruk University Tobruk Libya Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Omar Al-Mukhtar Beida Libya

The present work designed and investigated a 3D basic model for breast cancer detection at the ISM band. The model consists of two multi-slotted rectangular patch antennas and a three-layer breast phantom containing two tumors. A multi-slotted antenna was designed at 2.45 GHz using CST STUDIO SUITE 2018, where the simulated results showed a return loss better than -35 dB and attended more than 77 MHz bandwidth. The diagnosis approach is based on exploiting the electrical properties (frequency dependent) of breast tissues, i.e., mass density, relative permittivity, and conductivity. Once the proposed slotted antenna radiates electromagnetic signals toward the breast model (with and without tumors), the radiation properties in terms of the scattering parameters (S11 and S21), the electrical field, the power flow, the current density, and the power loss density were altered. As a result, the values of these radiation parameters increased when tumors were implanted inside the breast model, informing the presence of cancerous tissues. Moreover, the specific absorption rate (SAR) was estimated as a function of input powers, where the proposed antenna showed a set of low SAR values compared to the IEEE standard of 1.6 W/kg, validating its potential use for diagnosing purposes. The simulated results indicated the prospective use of two slotted antennas (in the first instance) to detect multiple tumors which could be a challenging task using a single-element antenna, where the ultimate goal is to realize a compact antenna array to detect multi-tumors.

关键词： Antenna Array Breast Cancer Cancer Detection Microstrip Tumor Detection

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Synchronization Phenomena Investigation of a New Nonlinear Dynamical System 4D by Gardano’s and Lyapunov’s Methods

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 3311-3327页

作者： Abdulsattar Abdullah hamad Ahmed S.Al-Obeidi Enas H.Al-Taiy Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf Dac-Nhuong Le School of Mathematics Madurai Kamaraj UniversityMadurai625021India Specialty of Mathematics Gifted School of NinevehMosulIraq Al-Nahrain University Baghdad70030Iraq Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDanang550000Vietnam Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDanang550000Vietnam

Synchronization is one of the most important characteristics of dynamic *** this paper,the authors obtained results for the nonlinear systems controller for the custom Synchronization of two 4D *** findings have allowed authors to develop two analytical approaches using the second Lyapunov(Lyp)method and the *** the Gardano method does not involve the development of special positive Lyp functions,it is very efficient and convenient to achieve excessive systemSYCR *** is overcome by using Gardano and overcoming some problems in *** we get a great investigation into the convergence of error dynamics,the authors in this paper are interested in giving numerical simulations of the proposed model to clarify the results and check them,an important aspect that will be studied is Synchronization Complete hybrid SYCR and anti-Synchronization,by making use of the Lyapunov expansion analysis,a proposed control method is developed to determine the *** basic idea in the proposed way is to receive the evolution of between two ***,the present model has been applied and showing in a new attractor,and the obtained results are compared with other approximate results,and the nearly good coincidence was obtained.

关键词： Chaos Lu model anti-synchronization hybrid synchronization Gardano’s method nonlinear dynamical system

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Can patients determine the level of their dysphagia?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第6期23卷 1038-1043页

作者： Hafiz hamad Ashraf Joanne Palmer Harry Richard Dalton Carolyn Waters Thomas Luff Madeline Strugnell Iain Alexander Murray Departments of Gastroenterology Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust Research and Development Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust Clinical Imaging Royal Cornwall Hospital NHS Trust

To determine if patients can localise dysphagia level determined endoscopically or radiologically and association of gender, age, level and *** review of consecutive patients presenting to dysphagia hotline between March 2004 and March 2015 was carried out. Demographics, clinical history and investigation findings were recorded including patient perception of obstruction level (pharyngeal, mid sternal or low sternal) was documented and the actual level of obstruction found on endoscopic or radiological examination (if any) was noted. All patients with evidence of obstruction including oesophageal carcinoma, peptic stricture, Schatzki ring, oesophageal pouch and cricopharyngeal hypertrophy were included in the study who had given a perceived level of dysphagia. The upper GI endoscopy reports (barium study where upper GI endoscopy was not performed) were reviewed to confirm the distance of obstructing lesion from central incisors. A previously described anatomical classification of oesophagus was used to define the level of obstruction to be upper, middle or lower oesophagus and this was compared with patient perceived *** thousand six hundred and sixty-eight patients were included, 42.0% of who were female, mean age 70.7 ± 12.8 years old. Of those with obstructing lesions, 726 gave a perceived level of dysphagia: 37.2% had oesophageal cancer, 36.0% peptic stricture, 13.1% pharyngeal pouches, 10.3% Schatzki rings and 3.3% achalasia. Twenty-seven point five percent of patients reported pharyngeal level (upper) dysphagia, 36.9% mid sternal dysphagia and 25.9% lower sternal dysphagia (9.5% reported multiple levels). The level of obstructing lesion seen on diagnostic testing was upper (17.2%), mid (19.4%) or lower (62.9%) or combined (0.3%). When patients localised their level of dysphagia to a single level, the kappa statistic was 0.245 (P < 0.001), indicating fair agreement. 48% of patients reporting a single level of dysphagia

关键词： Deglutition disorders Oesophageal stenosis Oesophageal neoplasm Gastroscopy Fluoroscopy Patient perception Pharyngeal pouch

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