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Comparing Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in Forest and Urban Streams of the Coastal Ecological Region of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Ecology 2019年第12期9卷 521-537页

作者： Fils Mamert Onana Serge Hubert Zebaze Togouet Antoine Arfao Tamsa Nectaire Lié Nyamsi Tchatcho Siméon Tchakonte Ernest Koji armel William Yemtsa Yemeli Abigaelle Natacha Sandrine Mouto Makong Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Management Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory Saint Jerome Polytechnic Institute Saint Jerome Catholic University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

In this study conducted in the coastal zone of Cameroon, biological indices and functional feeding groups of benthic macroinvertebrates were used to assess the health status of two urban streams. For a better diagnosis, two streams located in coastal forest zone were used as a reference. Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled monthly over a 3-month period (from May to July 2017) in six urban stations and six forest stations. Measurements of the physicochemical variables were done simultaneously. Physicochemical analysis revealed that urban streams are strongly polluted with high content of decaying organic matters, while forest streams are slightly polluted as indicated by the Principal Component Analysis. Concerning benthic macroinvertebrates, urban streams are poorly diversified with the proliferation of taxa tolerant to water pollution and belonging to the functional feeding groups of collectors-gatherers. Inversely, forest streams are more diversified and dominated by sensitive taxa, most belonging to the functional feeding groups of predators and shredders. These marked differences between biological indices and feeding mode of benthic macroinvertebrates in forest and urban rivers confirm the reliability of benthic macroinvertebrates as good indicators of freshwater ecosystem in the coastal zone of Cameroon.

关键词： Urban and Forest Streams Benthic Macroinvertebrates Water Pollution Biological Indices Functional Feeding Groups

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Incidence and Predictors of Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Complications in Hospitals in Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2021年第4期9卷 196-208页

作者： Imbe Ignace Yaro Mikaila Kaboré Martin Lankoande Farid Belem Ismael Guibla Ahmed Ouattara Charles Ilboudo Papougnézambo Bonkoungou Kongnimissom Apoline Sondo Raweleguinbasba armel Flavien Kaboré Nazinigouba Ouedraogo Medical Emergency Department Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Anesthesia Resuscitation Ward Regional Hospital of Ziniaré Ziniaré Burkina Faso Infectious Diseases Department Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph KI-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Anesthesia Resuscitation Department Sanon Souro Teaching Hospital Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Anesthesia Resuscitation and Emergency Department Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Anesthesia Resuscitation and Emergency Department Tengandogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) are the most commonly used medical devices in hospitals for the administration of medications. Their use can lead to complications of varying severity. Objective: Determine the incidence and factors associated with the occurrence of PVC-related complications. Methods: This was a two-month prospective observational study conducted in the Medical Emergency Department (MED) of Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou. All patients admitted during the study period who had a PVC inserted and removed were included in the study. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with the occurrence of complications. Results: In total, 459 PVCs were inserted and removed in 415 patients hospitalized at the Medical Emergency Department during the study period. The placement of 37.7% (n = 173) of PVCs resulted in complications in 131 patients (31.6%). For 644.3 days of catheterization, the incidence density was estimated at 6.5 complications per 1000 patient days. Phlebitis (24.0%), infection (5.7%), and accidental removal (2.8%) were the most frequently identified complications. The average age of the patients was 46.8 ± 18.9 years with a sex ratio of 1.22. The average patient hospitalization duration was 2.5 ± 2.6 days. In multivariate analysis, the factors significantly associated with the occurrence of complications after PVC insertion were patient’s state of agitation during the procedure (aOR = 12.59;95% CI = 4.12 - 38.49), placement of the PVC at the elbow bend (aOR = 2.17;95% CI = 1.86 - 5.52), multiple attempts

关键词： Peripheral Venous Catheter Complications Risk Factors Emergencies

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Penile Fracture at the Department of Urology and Andrology, University Hospital, Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Urology 2019年第12期9卷 195-200页

作者： Anani Wencesl Séverin Odzébé Roland Bertille Banga Mouss Aristide Stève Ondziel Opara Joseph Junior Damba armel Melvin Atipo Ondongo Aucloz Mouzenzo Prosper Alain Bouya Department of Urology and Andrology University Hospital Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Objective: The objectives of this study, was to analyze epidemiological diagnosis, therapeutic option and evolutionary aspects. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study regarding clinical data of nine penile fracture patients who have been admitted in the department of urology (university hospital, Brazzaville) from January 2006 to December 2018. The study parameters were: epidemiological, diagnosis, operative details, outcomes after treatment, and sexual disorders. Results: The mean age was 46.3 ± 14 years, ranged from 25 to 73 years. The etiology of penile fracture was coitus in 5 cases, masturbation in 3 cases and rolling of the penis on the bed in one case. 8 patients were managed surgically. The complications noticed in the postoperative period and during the follow-up visits were penile curvature in 2 cases, and erectyl dysfunction in 2 cases. Conclusion: The diagnosis of penile fracture remains clinic. Immediate surgical management is necessary for good functional result.

关键词： Penile Fracture Diagnosis Treatment Congo

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Antibacterial Activities of the Ethanolic Extract of <i>Crateva adansonii</i>DC. (Capparidaceae) Harvested in Dassa-Zoumèin Central Bénin

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2020年第2期10卷 46-57页

作者： Zinsou Franck Mignanwandé Roch Christian Johnson armelle Sabine Yélignan Hounkpatin Gratien Boni armel Géraldo Houndeton Eustache Enock Houéto Wilfrid Hinnoutondji Kpètèhoto Madjid Olatoundé Amoussa Interfaculty Center for Training and Research in Environment for Sustainable Development (CIFRED) University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Technical Higher Teacher Training School (ENSET) National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) Abomey Benin Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

Objective: The present was initiated to study the antibacterial properties of the Crateva adansonii DC extract on germs commonly identified in skin and digestive infections in Benin as well as the reversion of resistance to these aforementioned germs. Method: The bacteria’s sensitivity test to extracts was carried out by the microdilution method in liquid medium as well as the MIC and the reversion of bacterial resistance. For the determination of the MBC, this technique is used coupled with spreading on agar medium. Results: The results show an antibacterial activity of the extract with MICs between 0.625 - 5 mg/ml. The CMB of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 is 2.5 mg/ml while that of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis CIP 8039 is 5 mg/ml. The reversion of bacterial resistance has shown a synergy of action between our extract and conventional antibiotics.

关键词： Antibacterial Activity Crateva adansonii Ethanolic Extract Benin

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Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Tungiasis among School-Aged Children in the City of Port Gentil, Ogooué-Maritime Province, Gabon in Central Africa

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第11期10卷 176-191页

作者： Thiéry Ndong Mba Cédric Sima Obiang Hilaire Moundounga Kenguele Arnaud Brice Pambo-Pambo Adelaïde Niéguitsila armel Obiandong Eyivono Ulrich Nzamba Cyrille Bisseye Patrick Mickala Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology (LABMC) University of Science and Technology of Masuku (USTM) Franceville Gabon Laboratory of Research in Biochemistry (LAREBIO) University of Sciences and Techniques of Masuku (USTM) Franceville Gabon Laboratory of Animal Physiology University of Science and Technology of Masuku (USTM) Franceville Gabon Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research in Environment (LARME) University of Science and Technology of Masuku (USTM) Franceville Gabon

Background: Tungiasis is a skin infestation caused by the female sand flea called Tunga penetrans. Associated with a significant morbidity, this ectoparasite is present in all tropical regions, such as Gabon. Unfortunately, in this country, no study has ever been undertaken on this disease. However, in both urban and rural areas of this country, it causes disfigurement and mutilation of the feet or hands in infested persons, and is sometimes responsible for the school dropout of many children. It is in this context that this timely and relevant research was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with Tungiasis in school-aged children in the city of Port Gentil, Ogooué-Maritime province, Gabon in Central Africa. Materials and Methods: This prospective and cross-sectional study took place from May 22 to August 18, 2022, in two popular and underprivileged neighborhoods of the city of Port Gentil. It consisted of a physical diagnosis of the participants, and with the help of a questionnaire submitted to their parents/guardians, numerous data were collected. Entered into an Excel 2016 spreadsheet, the data were exported to the R software in its R Commander interface, for two types of analyses. A univariate and a multivariate analysis, using logistic regression, first on socio-demographic characteristics and then on habitual and environmental behavioral characteristics, was performed and the variables in this analysis reported odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. The results were statistically significant at p Results: A total of 637 school-aged children with a mean age of 12.73 years and a standard deviation of 5.44, were registered and examined for this study. Among them, Tunga penetrans infestation was found in 242 children, indicating an overall prevalence of 37.99% (95% CI [0.34 - 0.41]). Univariate and multivariate analyses, using logistic regression, first according to socio-demographic characteristics and then according to risk f

关键词： Prevalence Risk Factors Tungiasis School-Aged Children Port Gentil Ogooué-Maritime Gabon

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Length-Weight Relationships and Condition Factors of 15 Fish Species from the Loémé River Basin (Mayombe, Republic of Congo)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第12期13卷 883-893页

作者： Honest Freedom Poaty Ngot Victor Mamonekene armel Ibala Zamba Leendert Van Den Berg César Ngoulou Dabney Matoko Kouediatouka Aulne Lérège Batiabo Mikembi Hélène Dembe Louvinguila Tenda Institut National de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Naturelles IRSEN Brazzaville République du Congo Faculté de Sciences et Techniques (FST) Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville République du Congo Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomie et de Foresterie (ENSAF) Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville République du Congo Institut Nationale de Recherche Agronomique (IRA) Brazzaville République du Congo Groupe Van den Berg Project Management B.V. Utrecht Netherlands Centre National d’Inventaire et d’Aménagement des Ressources Forestières et Fauniques (CIARF) Brazzaville République du Congo

Length-weight relationships and condition factors are among the commonly used parameters to link the length of a fish to its weight. The present study was initiated to find out the growth patterns and overweight status of 15 fish species in the Loémé basin in Mayombe, Republic of Congo. In the period from February 2020 to September 2021, sampling was carried out in eight stations, following a standardised capture method using four gillnets of 10, 12, 15, and 25 mm mesh size and a hawk net of 1.90 m radius with 10 mm mesh size. Length-weight relationships were calculated according to P = aLSb and the condition factor, using K = (P/LSb)* 100. A total of 1153 specimens representing 15 species, 10 genera and 6 families were recorded. The number of specimens ranged from 10 to 214 for Chrysichthys auratus and Enteromius camptacanthus, respectively. The allometry coefficient b minimum of 2.697 for Chromidotilapiamelaniae and maximum of 3.589 for Garraornata, with a mean of 3.03 ± 0.2 is significantly not different from 3 at the 0.05 probability threshold and indicates isometric growth for almost all species, except for E. camptacanthus where b = 2.858 was statistically different from 3 at the same threshold. The positive and high values of the coefficients of determination r2 = 0.787-0.989 of the species, obtained during this study, suggest that weight increases with size in the fish of the Loémé basin. The average condition factor varies from 0.524 ± 0.064 for G. ornata to 4.917 ± 0.440 for C. melaniae.

关键词： Fish Growth Overweight Loémé River Basin Lower Guinea

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New targeted therapies for breast cancer: A focus on tumor microenvironmental signals and chemoresistant breast cancers

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第12期2卷 769-786页

作者： armel Hervé Nwabo Kamdje Paul Faustin Seke Etet Lorella Vecchio Richard Simo Tagne Jeremie Mbo Amvene Jean-Marc Muller Mauro Krampera Kiven Erique Lukong Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of NgaoundéréPO Box 454 NgaoundéréCameroon Department of Basic Health Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences Qassim UniversityBuraydah 52571 Saudi Arabia Université de Poitiers Faculté des Sciences P?le Biologie-Santé Bat B36 1 rue Georges Bonnet-BP633 86022 Poitiers cedex France Department of Medicine Section of Hematology Stem Cell Research Laboratory University of Verona 37129 Verona Italy Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon S7N 5E5 Canada

Breast cancer is the most frequent female malignancy worldwide. Current strategies in breast cancer therapy,including classical chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapies, are usually associated with chemoresistance and serious adverse effects. Advances in our understanding of changes affecting the interactome in advanced and chemoresistant breast tumors have provided novel therapeutic targets, including, cyclin dependent kinases, mammalian target of rapamycin,Notch, Wnt and Shh. Inhibitors of these molecules recently entered clinical trials in mono- and combination therapy in metastatic and chemo-resistant breast cancers. Anticancer epigenetic drugs, mainly histone deacetylase inhibitors and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, also entered clinical trials. Because of the complexity and heterogeneity of breast cancer, the future in therapy lies in the application of individualized tailored regimens. Emerging therapeutic targets and the implications for personalized-based therapy development in breast cancer are herein discussed.

关键词： Breast cancer Microenvironment Signaling molecule Targeted therapy Chemoresistance

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Anthropogenic Impacts on Fish Populations in Lake Cayo (Republic of Congo, Central Africa)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2020年第12期10卷 757-767页

作者： armel Ibala Zamba Magloire Boungou Tenda Hélène Dembe Louvinguila Victor Mamonekene Ronick Kombo Ephraim Kamba Gad Boukou Lérège Batiabo Mikembi Freedom Honest Poaty Ngot Parisse Akouango Laboratory of Animal Productions and Biodiversity ENSAF Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Laboratory of Research of Animal Biology and Ecology IRSEN Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Laboratory Animal Biology and Ecology Joseph University KI-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Ichthyofaunal diversity and the impact of anthropogenic activities on fish population assemblages were studied in Lake Cayo, a small lake located in the coastal region of the Republic of Congo. Twelve stations were sampled twice over a two-year period. Fishing techniques following standardized methods utilizing monofilament gill nets, and nine environment variables were measured at each station. A total of 11,361 specimens comprising 30 species in 28 genera and 18 families were collected with the Cichlidae being the most diversified. Redundancy Analysis with forward selection coupled with Monte Carlo permutation tests identified depth, pH and substrate as accounting for 57.7% of the total variance among the nine variables sampled (p < 0.05). The low Shannon’s diversity (1.16 ± 0.33) and Equitability (0.43 ± 0.12) indices at all sites, suggest that the Lake Cayo system is in poor ecological health.

关键词： Fish Diversity Ecological Health Lake Cayo Lower Guinea

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Floristic diversity and carbon stocks in the periphery of Deng–Deng National Park,Eastern Cameroon

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 989-1003页

作者： Louis Paul Roger Kabelong Banoho Louis Zapfack Robert Bertrand Weladji Cedric Chimi Djomo Melanie Chichi Nyako Yannick Enock Bocko Damien Marie Essono Julliete Mancho Nasang Nade`ge Madountsap Tagnang Charles Innocent Memvi Abessolo Kenneth Roger Mvondo Sakouma Farikou Mamadou Souahibou Florence Jeanne Sarah Palla Tonga Ketchatang Peguy Remi Jiagho Thierry Loic Kenmou Ulrich Arnaud Choumele Kana Jumo Boris armel Anyam Yi Andjik Roger Bruno Tabue Mbobda Department of Plant Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IBP 812 YaoundeCameroon IUCN World Commission On Protected Areas Co-Vice Chair Commission Mondiale des Aires Protegees-Afrique Centrale(CMAP-UICN)GlandSwitzerland Organisation pour la Conservation et le Developpement(OCD) BP 33323 YaoundeCameroun Department of Biology Concordia University7141 Sherbrooke St.W.MontrealMontrealQC H4B 1R6Canada Institute of Agricultural Research for Development(IRAD) PO.BOX 2123YaoundeCameroon Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Facultedes Sciences et TechniquesUniversiteMarien NgouabiBrazzavilleCongo Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife BP 34430 YaoundeCameroon Programme National de Developpement Participatif(PNDP) YaoundeCameroun Observatoire des Forets du Bassin du Congo(OFAC) BP 20818 YaoundeCameroun Fokabs International PO BOX 14097YaoundeCameroon International Union for Conservation of Nature Programme CamerounBP:5506 YaoundeCameroun Secretariat Technique REDD BP 320 YaoundeCameroun

Carbon is continuously being removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis and stored in carbon pools(live,dead,and soil carbon)of forest ***,carbon stock in dead wood and of trees with diameters at breast height(dbh)between 5 and 10 cm is often not considered in many studies carried out in the Congo Basin *** relationship between tree diversity,life-forms and carbon stocks has received little *** study was carried out on the outskirts of Deng Deng National Park(DDNP)to determine tree diversity(dominant families,species richness and Shannon index),assess carbon stocks in the five carbon compartments(living tree,understory,fine roots,dead wood and litter)as well as to analyze the relationship between(1)carbon stocks and tree diversity;and,(2)between carbon stock and *** Shannon index of trees≥10 cm dbh ranged from 2.6 in riparian forest to 4.3 in secondary forest;and for the tree between 5 and 10 cm,it ranged to 1.56 in riparian forest to 3.68 in the secondary *** study site housed 16 species,7 genera and 3 families which are only found in trees of dbh between 5 and 10 *** average total carbon stock of the five compartments varied from 200.1 t ha-1 in forest residues to 439.1 t ha-1 in secondary *** wood carbon stock varied from 1.2 t ha-1 in riparian forests to 12.51t ha-1 in *** above ground carbon stocks for trees with diameter between 5 and 10 cm varied from 0.7 t ha-1 in young fallow fields to 5.02 t ha-1 in old secondary *** study reveals a low but positive correlation between species richness and total carbon stocks,as well as a significant positive relationship between life-forms and total carbon *** findings highlight the need for more data concerning carbon content of dead wood,carbon of trees≥5 cm<10 cm dbh and the relationship between carbon stocks and tree diversity from other areas of the Congo Basin for a good understanding of the contribution of tropical forests

关键词： Deng Deng national park Carbon stocks Land cover types Species diversity Dead wood

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Catalytic Performance of Nanoscale-Corrugated Gold and Silver Films for Surface-Enhanced Chemiluminescence

Catalytic Performance of Nanoscale-Corrugated Gold and Silve...

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作者：欧梅贵吕国伟 armel Descamps Christophe Andre Marquette Loc Jacques Blum Gilles Ledoux Stephane Roux Olivier Tillement Pascal Perriat Groupe d'Etude de Metallurgie Physique et de Physique des Materiaux INSA de Lyon 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex(France) Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080(P.R.China) Laboratoire de Genie Enzymatique et Biomole culaire Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex(France) Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Materiaux Luminescents Universite Claude Bernard Lyon I 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex(France)

Biochips of corrugated gold and silver displaying surface plasmon resonance at different energies are fabricated to determine the nature of the mechanism responsible for the surface-enhanced chemiluminescence (SECL) of *** Full Paper proves that,whereas silver possesses the strongest resonance and the greatest plasmon overlap with luminol emission,silver is also the metal that induces the lowest CL enhancement(two orders of magnitude less than gold).Therefore,the enhancement mechanism is not related to plasmon-assisted processes but rather originates from catalytic properties induced by corrugation of the metal film.

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