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Impact of Tension-Type Headaches in the Workplace in Brazzaville

Neuroscience & Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 77-91页

作者： Happhia Dinah Boubayi Motoula Latou Josué Euberma Diatewa ghisl.in armel mpandzou Prince Eliot Galieni Sounga Bandzouzi Jean Brice Mouendenguia Karen Lise Obondzo Aloba Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet Faculty of Health Sciences Universit Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Department of Neurology Brazzaville University Hospital Congo Department of Neurology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo

Introduction: Tension-type headaches are the most widespread of the primary headache disorders. Due to their high prevalence, tension-type headaches represent a major public health problem with an enormous socio-economic burden. Determining their impact remains a challenge. Objective: To assess the impact of occupational tension-type headache in Brazzaville and identify associated factors. Population and Methods: This was an analytical case-control study conducted in public and private companies in the city of Brazzaville over a period of four (04) months. The case population consisted of cephalalgic employees;the control population was drawn from the same companies and was free of tension-type headaches. Study variables were divided into socio-professional, clinical and individual impact variables. Individual impact variables were represented by: the HIT-6 score, which incorporates a very broad conception of disability, covering several domains, namely: severity of pain during attacks and the restrictive and limiting nature of attacks. Results: Individual impact was severe in 18 (62.1%) men and 11 (37.9%) women. Mean age was 36.3 6.14 years for cases with severe impact. The mean duration of headache was 40.3 32.7 months for cases with severe impact. Tension headache evolved in attacks in 22 (75.9%) cases with severe impact, and continuously in seven (24.1%) cases. The average number of attacks per month was 2.52 1.04 for cases with severe impact. Cases with severe impact included 14 (48.3%) with chronic headache and 15 (51.7%) with episodic headache. Pain of severe intensity present in 48.3% of cases was associated with a severe impact of tension-type headache: OR = 151.66 [2.36 - 44245.95] and p-value = 0.037. At least one days absence from work per year was observed in 47.4% of our cases. The number of days off work per year due to tension-type headache had an interquartile range between 0 and 3 days and extremes from 0 to 14 days. It was the consequence of a sev

关键词： Impact Tension Headache Workplace

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Mortality from Stroke in Young People in Brazzaville

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2024年第1期14卷 37-55页

作者： Motoula Latou Happhia Dinah Boubayi Josué Euberma Diatewa ghisl.in armel mpandzou Prince Eliot Galieni Sounga Bandzouzi Elizeth Richtellah Fouti Kouapele Karen Lise Obondzo Aloba Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet Faculty of Health Sciences Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville The Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Brazzaville University Hospital Brazzaville The Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire The Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are an absolute neurovascular emergency and the main cause of mortality and acquired disability in adults. In the Congo, stroke is the leading cause of mortality and the leading cardiovascular emergency, with a hospital frequency of between 49.74% and 56.2%. The aim of the study was to identify the mortality factors associated with stroke in young people in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This is a longitudinal analytical study conducted from February to period from February to September 2019 in the neurology, general intensive care and medical emergency departments of the Brazzaville University Hospital (CHUB). All subjects aged 18 - 55 years of completed age, admitted for arterial stroke confirmed by brain imaging, were included. Study variables were: age, gender, socioeconomic level, laterality, time to admission and CT scan, vascular risk factors, history of cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, TIA (transient ischemic attack) or stroke, NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score, Glasgow score, blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, occurrence or non-occurrence of complications, blood glucose, creatinine, lipid profile and blood count. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software. Descriptive analyses were performed using SPSS 21 software. Results: 103 patients were included in the study, of whom 45 (43.7%) had ischemic stroke and 58 (56.3%) with hemorrhagic stroke. Mortality was high at 29.1% in our study, and mainly concerned hemorrhagic strokes (73.7%). Two-week mortality in our study accounted for 63.33% of total lethality. After simple logistic regression, the factors associated with death within two weeks were age between 40 - 44 years (OR (odds ratio) = 2.95;p = 0.01), hemorrhagic stroke (OR = 1.41;p = 0.07), mass effect (OR = 3.26;p 15 (OR = 5.89 (2.90 - 11.95);p <

关键词： Brazzaville Mortality Stroke Young Subjects

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Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Migraine in Brazzaville

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2024年第1期14卷 56-71页

作者： Motoula Latou Happhia Dinah Boubayi Josue Diatewa Prince Eliot Galieni Sounga Bandzouzi ghisl.in armel mpandzou Héloïse Stéphanie Ongoly Ikora Karen Lise Obondzo Aloba Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville The Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Brazzaville University Hospital Brazzaville The Republic of the Congo Department of Neurology Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire The Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Migraine is the most common primary headache, and can cause significant disability. There are two types, migraine without aura and migraine with aura. The diagnosis of migraine is essentially clinical. Worldwide prevalence was estimated at 11.6% in 2009. In Africa, it is estimated at 10.4%. Objective: To describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects of migraine in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This was a door-to-door cross-sectional study conducted from 1st May to 1 st July 2018 in the city of Brazzaville. Subjects over 18 with clearly expressed consent were included. The questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, diagnostic criteria for migraine according to the IHS, treatments taken. The degree of disability was determined using the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 for MAC. Results: Of the 1017 subjects interviewed in this study, 115 (39.9%) had migraine, including 73 women (63.47%) and 42 men (36.52%). In the group of migraine sufferers, the number of cases of definite migraine was 61 (53.04%) and that of probable migraine 54 (46.95%). For 81 migraine sufferers (70.43%), stress was the triggering factor. The frequency of attacks was weekly and monthly for 30 (26.1%) and 19 (16.5%) sufferers respectively. The location of the migraine was unilateral in 38% of cases and tilted in 24.3%. The intensity of the attack was described as moderate and severe in 41.7% and 57.4% of subjects respectively. Phonophobia/photophobia accompanied the migraine in 65.2% of cases. One hundred and eight subjects were treated. Of these, 106 (98.1%) were on medication. Eleven (10.37%) had received a medical prescription, and ninety-seven (89.8%) were self-medicating. Five and three subjects were under the care of a general practitioner and a neurologist respectively. Conclusion: Migraine is a frequent pathology in Brazzaville. Its preponderance among young people and women call

关键词： Migraine Clinic Therapeutics Brazzaville

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Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage (sICH) at the University Hospital of Brazzaville (CONGO)

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2024年第1期15卷 23-38页

作者： Ekouele Mbaki Hugues Brieux Ngoma Niangui Léocia Exaucée Diatewa Josué Euberma Boukaka Kala Rel Gerald Ngackosso Olivier Brice mpandzou ghisl.in armel Boukassa Léon Ossou-Nguiet Paul Macaire Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Multipurpose Surgery Department University Hospital Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Neurology Department University Hospital Center of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) is characterised by bleeding within the brain parenchyma, without any accompanying vascular malformation, parenchymal abnormality or coagulation disorder. The study aimed to depict the management of sICH at the University Hospital of Brazzaville (UHB). It was an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional analysis. Data collection was conducted retrospectively, covering the period from January 1, 2020 to August 31, 2022, spanning two years and eight months. The study examined socio-demographic, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary variables. We included 274 cases. We observed 160 men (58.4%) and 114 women (41.6%), resulting in a sex ratio of 1.4. The mean age was 55.3 ± 11.4 years, with ages ranging from 31 to 93 years. The detection of sICH was typically a result of experiencing motor deficits (59.5%) or disorders of consciousness (37.2%). The weightiness of one half of the body was the most common reason for seeking medical advice. Hematoma was capsulo-lenticular in 159 cases (58%) and capsulo-thalamic in 63 cases (23%). Hematomas were 30 ml in 112 cases (40.9%), and associated with hydrocephalus in 11.7% of cases. Conservative medical treatment was administered in 257 cases (94.2%) while surgical treatment was performed in 16 cases (5.8%). The surgical techniques used were external ventricular drainage (EVD) in 2 cases, ventriculo-peritoneal shunt in 5 cases, and hematoma evacuation in 10 cases. Death occurred before the 7th day of hospitalisation in 73 cases (57.8%) and after in 46 cases (42.2%). The median time to death was four days (Q1 = 2 days;Q3 = 7 days), with extremes of 0 and 216 days. .

关键词： Spontaneous Intracerebral haemorrhage Management Brazzaville

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Optimal Sizing and Power Losses Reduction of Photovoltaic Systems Using PVsyst Software

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第7期12卷 23-38页

作者： Andre Boussaibo armel Duvalier Pene Kitmo Institute of Technology University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

This paper presents a method for optimizing a grid-connected photovoltaic system through an LCL filter. An algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to determine the number of batteries, the number of panels in series and in parallel, as well as to evaluate the joule losses due to cable heating and the switching losses of the multilevel inverters. This system is applied to a village named YAGOUA, located in the far north of Cameroon. The evaluation of the Joule effect and the switching losses as well as the regulation of the voltage level at the point of common coupling (PCC) are carried out in PVsyst and Matlab software, then at IEEE 33 bus. This algorithm reduced the Joule losses to 1.2% and the switching losses to 2.2%. A power of 210.4 MWh is produced, to be injected in the electrical network via an LCL filter. The THD calculation gave a rate of 3.015% in accordance with the 519 standards. Synchronization through the Phase Locked Loop (PLL) is performed. After the power was injected into the grid, the voltage and current remained in phase, showing the power factor correction and the efficiency of the filter. According to NASA meteorological data, the locality of YAGOUA gives the global solar irradiation forecast of 6.8 kW/m2.

关键词： Five Level Inverter LCL Filter MPPT Power Losses PVsyst

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Genomic and phenotypic signatures provide insights into the wide adaptation of a global plant invader

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 275-290页

作者： Yan Hao Xin-Feng Wang Yaolin Guo Tian-Yang Li Ji Yang Malika LAinouche armel Salmon Rui-Ting Ju Ji-Hua Wu Lin-Feng Li Bo Li National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-ChongmingSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China UMR CNRS 6553 Universite´of RennesCampus de Beaulieu35042 Rennes Cedex ParisFrance State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion BiologyInstitute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650504China

Invasive alien species are primary drivers of biodiversity loss and species *** cordgrass(Spartina alterniflora)is one of the most aggressive invasive plants in coastal ecosystems around the ***,the genomic bases and evolutionary mechanisms underlying its invasion success have remained largely ***,we assembled a chromosome-level reference genome and performed phenotypic and population genomic analyses between native US and introduced Chinese *** phenotypic comparisons showed that introduced Chinese populations have evolved competitive traits,such as earlyflowering time and greater plant biomass,during secondary introductions along China’s *** genomic and transcriptomic inferences revealed distinct evolutionary trajectories of low-and high-latitude Chinese *** particular,genetic mixture among different source populations,together with in-dependent natural selection acting on distinct target genes,may have resulted in high genome dynamics of the introduced Chinese *** study provides novel phenotypic and genomic evidence showing how smooth cordgrass rapidly adapts to variable environmental conditions in its introduced ***,candidate genes related toflowering time,fast growth,and stress tolerance(i.e.,salinity and submergence)provide valuable genetic resources for future improvement of cereal crops.

关键词： adaptation natural selection invasive species population genomics Spartina alterniflora Hao Y. Wang X.-F. Guo Y. Li T.-Y. Yang J. Ainouche M.L. Salmon A. Ju R.-T. Wu J.-H. Li L.-F. and Li B.(2024).Genomic and phenotypic signatures provide insights into the wide adaptation of a global plant invader.

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Analysis of Public Sentiment regarding COVID-19 Vaccines on the Social Media Platform Reddit

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第2期12卷 80-108页

作者： Lucien Dikla Ngueleo Jules Pagna Disso armel Ayimdji Tekemetieu Justin Moskolaï Ngossaha Michael Nana Kameni African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIMS)/AIMS-Cameroon Limbe Cameroon Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon WMG (Warwick Manufacturing Group) University of Warwick Coventry UK School of Information Studies McGill University Montreal Canada

This study undertakes a thorough analysis of the sentiment within the r/Corona-virus subreddit community regarding COVID-19 vaccines on Reddit. We meticulously collected and processed 34,768 comments, spanning from November 20, 2020, to January 17, 2021, using sentiment calculation methods such as TextBlob and Twitter-RoBERTa-Base-sentiment to categorize comments into positive, negative, or neutral sentiments. The methodology involved the use of Count Vectorizer as a vectorization technique and the implementation of advanced ensemble algorithms like XGBoost and Random Forest, achieving an accuracy of approximately 80%. Furthermore, through the Dirichlet latent allocation, we identified 23 distinct reasons for vaccine distrust among negative comments. These findings are crucial for understanding the community’s attitudes towards vaccination and can guide targeted public health messaging. Our study not only provides insights into public opinion during a critical health crisis, but also demonstrates the effectiveness of combining natural language processing tools and ensemble algorithms in sentiment analysis.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccine TextBlob Twitter-RoBERTa-Base-Sentiment Sentiment Analysis Latent Dirichlet Allocation

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Hydrolytic and Antimicrobial Activities of Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Peppers Sold in Markets at Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 215-234页

作者： Faly armel Soloka Mabika Elgie Viennechie Gatsé Ngo Itsouhou Tarcisse Baloki Ngoulou Mérite Berthelie Mouanda Nzoussi Nguimbi Etienne Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Unit of Molecular Microbiology and Bioinformatics Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Microorganisms are omnipresent in all environments and play mainly the role of transformers, thanks to the multiple enzymes they are able to produce. In order to valorize fermented foods in the Republic of the Congo, this work aimed to characterize and study some properties of microorganisms isolated from samples of peppers sold in three markets of Brazzaville. A numeration of the total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMF) was made in a solid medium, allowing the evaluation of each sample’s microbial concentration. The microbial mass varied from 2.8 × 105 CFU/g for the Ouénzé sample to 1.8 × 104 CFU/g for the Total sample and 2 × 104 CFU/g for the Moungali market sample. The evaluation of the enzymatic properties of the Bacillus isolates showed that 68.42% were capable of producing cellulases and 78.94% were capable of producing amylases and proteases. Antimicrobial activities revealed that 63.15% of the isolates were able to secrete inhibitory substances against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Molecular analysis by PCR amplification, sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and BLAST bioinformatics analysis provides newly identified bacteria strains with new accession numbers in GenBank: Bacillus thuringiensis MBCBR322 (OP474008), Bacillus megaterium MBCBJ1822 (OP476493), Bacillus thuringiensis MBCBR222 (OP476494), Priestia megaterium MBCBJ2022 (OP476495) and Lactobacillus paraplantarum MBCBR1522 (OP476496). Multiple sequences alignment of identified sequences with their homologs of GenBank has shown high similarities. The phylogenetic inference assay has provided the two groups of strains observed in this study, and the two groups are very coherent with the phylogeny of the reference.

关键词： Antimicrobial Activity Hydrolytic Activity Sequencing Pepper Brazzaville

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A Budd-Chiari Syndrome Due to C Protein Deficiency: A Case Report at YaoundéGeneral Hospital (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期14卷 117-124页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Gilles Gael Aghoagni Gouajio armel Awana Tenone Danah Larry Tangie Ngek Mathurin Kowo Firmin Andoulo Ankouane Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Came-roon Department of Internal Medicine and Peadiatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buéa Buéa Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

Primary Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a spontaneously fatal disease characterized by an obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract due to thrombosis or a primary disease of the venous wall. The primary form of BCS is extremely rare. This is a disease mainly affecting young adults of both sexes. Clinical manifestations are variable;they can be asymptomatic, acute, or subacute but mostly chronic. Several causes have been identified, such as myeloproliferative syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and inherited thrombotic disorders. Data on primary BCS in Sub-Saharan Africa is rare as most publications available are case reports. In these reports, the causes are unknown with poor prognosis in most cases often leading to patient death. We herein present a case report of a male patient diagnosed with a primary BCS at Yaoundé General Hospital (Cameroon) caused by a Protein C deficiency who presented with ascites decompensating liver cirrhosis. Treatment was based on anticoagulants, diuretics and laxatives administration. Two years after the diagnosis, the patient is alive with clinical and paraclinical improvement.

关键词： Budd-Chiari Syndrome Hepatic Veins Liver Cirrhosis Protein C Deficiency Cameroon

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Experience on the Management of Priapism at the Yaounde Central Hospital

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第4期14卷 244-251页

作者： Philip Fernandez Owon’Abessolo Jean Cédric Fouda armel Essomba Cécile Etobe Achille Kpanou Yellem Yvon Gerard Beling Abanda Bright Awondo-Che Milama Steves Ndang Ngou Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Urology Service Yaound&#233 Central Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialty Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Urology University of Health Sciences Owendo Gabon

Introduction: Priapism is a urological emergency defined as a prolonged penile erection for more than 6 hours, painful and sustained, occurring without any sexual stimulation. The diagnosis is essentially clinical. However, the management is often late because of the delay in consultation, which is characteristic in our context. The purpose of our study is to describe the clinical and therapeutic aspects of patients who presented with priapism at the Yaoundé Central Hospital as well as to propose a present synthesis concerning the management of priapism. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with a retrospective recruitment method in the urology department of the YCH. It extended over a period of 6 months from January 2022 to June 2022. We reviewed the files of patients seen within a period spanning 10 years from January 1st, 2011 to January 31st, December 2021. The study population consisted of patients who had been hospitalized and treated for priapism. We carried out consecutive and non-exhaustive sampling. Results: During the study, we collected data from the medical files of 13 patients. The median age was 25 years, with extremes of 12 and 82 years. Most of the patients were between 20 and 30 years old (38.5%). Most of the patients were single (69.2%). Sickle cell disease was the main comorbidity encountered during the study (76.9%). The median time from onset of symptoms to consultation was 10 [6 - 20.5] hours, with extremes of 1 and 264 hours. All patients presented with painful penile erection (100%). There was concomitant multifocal pain in 38.5% of cases suggestive of vaso-occlusive crises (VOC). The symptoms occurred in a non-traumatic context in the majority of cases (92.3%). The T-shunt was the most used surgical technique (84.6%). The median duration of surgery was 36 [35 - 40] minutes with extremes of 25 and 60 minutes, the majority being operated in less than 45 minutes (84.6%). The frequency of postopera

关键词： Priapism Treatment Experience

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