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Effect of stress-dep.ndent microannulus ap.rture on well leakage

j.urnal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 1967-1976页

作者： Meng Meng Luke p.Frash j.William Carey Mohamed Mehana Wenfeng Li Bailian Chen Earth and Environmental Sciences Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA

Debonding at the cement-casing interface is recognized as a p.incip.l failure mechanism leading to CO_(2) leakage in *** detachment gives rise to a microannulus,which notably p.ssesses greater p.rmeability than undamaged cement,undermining its sealing ***,the p.rmeability of the microannulus is regarded as a uniform value throughout the ***,fundamentally,a microannulus is one typ. of fracture,and its gap.or ap.rture size is affected by the effective *** this work,we develop.d a unique exp.rimental *** equip.ent facilitates the curing of cement inside a steel casing,the formation of a microannulus between the casing and the cement,and the investigation of the fluid flow dynamics along the microannulus under laboratory-rep.icated in situ *** microannulus was formed by inj.cting fluid from one end of the setup.and receiving similar amount of fluid on the other end signified the develop.ent of the leakage ***,strain gauges affixed to the casing’s external surface yielded key information on the microannulus’s op.ning and *** observed a noticeable decline in microannulus hydraulic ap.rture(or p.rmeability)in relation to effective stress and an exp.nential equation fits their *** findings also indicate a distinct behavior when comp.ring liquid CO_(2) with ***,it is easier for liquid CO_(2) to create the ***,the hydraulic ap.rture range for this microannulus(0.7-6 mm)is considerably smaller than that created by water flow(2-17 mm).Finally,we integrated the stressdep.ndent microannulus ap.rture size into the combined analysis of well mechanical integrity and well *** outcomes consistently demonstrated that when factoring in the stress-dep.ndent ap.rture sizes,the leakage rates are 3e5 times comp.red to a fixed ap.rture *** traditional assump.ion of a constant ap.rture significantly underestimates fluid leakage risks.

关键词： Microannulus Leakage assessment Ap.rture size Triaxial exp.riment Carbon sequestration

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Solid-liquid extraction for yttrium recovery using p.rous p.lymeric resin(XAD-7) functionalized with D_(2)EHp.

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1764-1773,I0005页

作者： p.A.Martínez-Montoya R.G.Sanchez-Alvarado D.Y.Medina-Velazquez M.L.Carrera-j.ta p.Garnica-Chávez A.de j.Morales-Ramirez Higher School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries ESIQIEIPNDepartment of Metallurgical EngineeringUPALM S/NCol.LindavistaGustavo A.Madero Cd.de MéxicoC.P07738Mexico Metrop.litan Autonomous University Department of MaterialsBasic Sciences and EngineeringAv.San Pablo No.180Col.Reynosa TamaulipasCd.de MéxicoC.P02200Mexico Center for Research and Technological Innovation CIITECIPNCda.de CECATIs/nSanta CatarinaAzcapotzalcoC.P02250CDMXMexico

The recovery of yttrium is p.op.sed by ap.lying a solid-liquid extraction p.ocess using di-2-ethyl hexylp.osp.oric acid(D2EHp.) as extracting *** extracting agents were sup.orted on a macro p.rous p.lymeric resin XAD-7(solid p.ase).Yttrium ions extraction and discharge tests were p.rformed,firstly from a synthetic aqueous solution of 100 mg/L Y(liquid p.ase) at 25℃ with *** effects of p. of aqueous solutions bearing yttrium,volume fraction of extracting agents and the solid/liquid(S/L)ratio on the yttrium recovery were *** most favorable conditions for yttrium ions extraction are;20 vol% D_(2)EHp. functionalized resin,p.=1.5 and an S/L ratio of 10 mg/mL The discharge of yttrium ions was done under the same conditions of extraction stage,using a 2 mol/L [H_(2)SO_(4)] as strip.ing *** to 80% yttrium is extracted,while 75% yttrium is recovered in the strip.ng *** all exp.riments,the reaction equilibrium is reached after 20 min,and the kinetics for the extraction stage was determined as a second-order ***,exp.riments were carried out to discharge the yttriumloaded resins,and it has been determined that the best p. value to strip.the Y ions is *** tests of extraction and discharge for yttrium ions show that the functionalized resin can work at least five cycles without decreasing its ***,the p.op.sed p.ocess was tested in a real solution with Y ions fro m a waste fluorescent la mp.p.wder leached in H_(2)SO_(4),demonstrating the ability to effectively recover yttrium,sep.rating it from various metals from the studied residue.

关键词： Yttrium recovery Rare earth solid-liquid extraction XAD-7 resin Fluorescent lamp. recycling Solid-liquid kinetics extraction

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Background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and p.anetary p.ysics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma M.Madelaire K.M.Laundal j.p.Reistad S.M.Hatch S.Gasp.rini S.j.Walker Birkeland Centre for Sp.ce Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on sp.cecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth ***,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions p.oduced by p.ecip.tating p.rticles,but also to dayglow emissions p.oduced by p.otoelectrons induced by *** emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background *** fully utilize such images in sp.ce science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral *** we outline a data-driven ap.roach to modeling the background intensity in multip.e images by formulating linear inverse p.oblems based on B-sp.ines and sp.erical *** ap.roach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral *** final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temp.ral variations and large-scale asymmetries in the *** demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for Magnetop.use-to-Aurora Global Exp.oration(IMAGE)*** method can be ap.lied to historical missions and is relevant for up.oming missions,such as the Solar wind Magnetosp.ere Ionosp.ere Link Exp.orer(SMILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

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Outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy for hallux rigidus:A systematic review

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World j.urnal of Orthop.dics 2024年第6期15卷 585-592页

作者： Katherine Esser j.mes j.Butler Mackenzie Roof Nathaniel p.Mercer Michael C Harrington Alan p.Samsonov Andrew j.Rosenbaum j.hn G Kennedy Dep.rtment of Orthop.edic Surgery University of Toledo Medical Center University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH 43614United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10002United States Dep.rtment of Orthop.dic Surgery Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

BACKGROUND Cheilectomy of the 1^(st)metatarsop.alangeal j.int(MTp.0}is one of the most common p.ocedures for the management of hallux ***,there is no consensus regarding outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy(MIDC)for the management of hallux *** To evaluate outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux *** During November 2023,the p.bMed,EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies examining outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux *** Six studies were *** total,348 p.tients(370 feet)underwent MIDC for hallux rigidus at a weighted mean follow-up.of 37.9±16.5 *** distribution of p.tients by Coughlin and Shurna's classification was recorded in 4 studies as follows:Ⅰ(58 p.tients,27.1%),Ⅱ(112 p.tients,52.3%),Ⅲ(44 p.tients,20.6%).Three studies p.rformed an additional 1^(st)MTp.0}arthroscop. and debridement following *** intra-articular bone debris was observed in 100%of p.tients in 1 *** weighted mean American orthop.dic foot and ankle society score imp.oved from a p.eop.rative score of 68.9±3.2 to a p.stop.rative score of *** comp.ication rate was 8.4%,the most common of which was p.rsistent j.int p.in and ***-two failures(8.7%)were ***-three secondary p.ocedures(8.9%)were p.rformed at a weighted mean time of 8.6±3.2 months following the index *** This systematic review demonstrated imp.ovements in subj.ctive clinical outcomes together with a moderate comp.ication rate following MIDC for the management of hallux rigidus at short-term follow-up.A moderate reop.ration rate at short-term follow-up.was *** marked heterogeneity between included studies and p.ucity of high quality comp.rative studies limits the generation of any robust conclusions.

关键词： Minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy Hallux rigidus The first metatarsop.alangeal j.int Cheilectomy Minimally invasive surgery

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Oxidative Stress in Collegiate Cross Country Skiers in Mid- and p.st-Seasons

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j.urnal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 99-110页

作者： Scott p. j.rome Kriya L. Dunlap.Ava M. p.rrish Matthew L. Lowman Emily M. Ship.an Lawrence K. Duffy Arleigh j. Reynolds Dep.rtment of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Dep.rtment of Biology & Wildlife University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Dep.rtment of Veterinary Medicine University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA

p.rp.se: The oxidative stress (OS) hyp.thesis of overtraining syndrome argues that increased p.oduction of free radicals through exercise cause muscle fatigue and damage resulting in lower athletic p.rformance. Several studies have investigated OS immediately before and after exercise bouts in a training macrocycle. Our study aimed to comp.re OS of endurance athletes between a comp.tition macrocycle and the immediate p.st-season recovery macrocycle. In addition, we aimed to identify athletes who exp.rienced an unexp.ainable drop.in athletic p.rformance during the comp.tition season in order to comp.re their OS to those who exp.rienced no drop.in p.rformance. Methods: Fifteen members of the University of Alaska Fairbanks cross country ski team volunteered for this study. Blood samp.es were taken in early February (“mid-season”) and late Ap.il (“p.st-season”). p.rticip.nts comp.eted questionnaires regarding p.ysical activity and athletic p.rformance at the time of the blood draws. p.asma was analyzed for 4-hydroxynonenalp. p.(HNE), nitrotyrosine,p. p.nitric oxide (NOX), and sup.roxide dismutase (SOD). Significance was determined by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: p.rticip.nts disp.ayed significantly higher (p.Conclusion: Signs of oxidative stress and mitigation during the p.st-season recovery macrocycle were higher in athletes who rep.rted exp.riencing a drop.in athletic p.rformance during the comp.tition season macrocycle.

关键词： Oxidative Stress 4-Hydroxynonenal Sup.roxide Dismutase Athletic p.rformance Training Macrocycle

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Fresnel Equations Derived Using a Non-Local Hidden-Variable p.rticle Theory

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j.urnal of Modern p.ysics 2024年第6期15卷 950-984页

作者： Dirk j. p.ns Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

p.oblem: The Fresnel equations describe the p.op.rtions of reflected and transmitted light from a surface, and are conventionally derived from wave theory continuum mechanics. p.rticle-based derivations of the Fresnel equations ap.ear not to exist. Ap.roach: The obj.ctive of this work was to derive the basic op.ical laws from first p.incip.es from a p.rticle basis. The p.rticle model used was the Cordus theory, a typ. of non-local hidden-variable (NLHV) theory that p.edicts sp.cific substructures to the p.oton and other p.rticles. Findings: The theory exp.ains the origin of the orthogonal electrostatic and magnetic fields, and re-derives the refraction and reflection laws including Snell’s law and critical angle, and the Fresnel equations for s and p.p.larisation. These formulations are identical to those p.oduced by electromagnetic wave theory. Contribution: The work p.ovides a comp.ehensive derivation and p.ysical exp.anation of the basic op.ical laws, which ap.ears not to have p.eviously been shown from a p.rticle basis. Imp.ications: The p.imary imp.ications are for suggesting routes for the theoretical advancement of fundamental p.ysics. The Cordus NLHV p.rticle theory exp.ains op.ical p.enomena, yet it also exp.ains other p.ysical p.enomena including some otherwise only accessible through quantum mechanics (such as the electron sp.n g-factor) and general relativity (including the Lorentz and relativistic Dop.ler). It also p.ovides solutions for p.enomena of unknown causation, such as asymmetrical baryogenesis, unification of the interactions, and reasons for nuclide stability/instability. Consequently, the imp.ication is that NLHV theories have the p.tential to rep.esent a deep.r p.ysics that may underp.n and unify quantum mechanics, general relativity, and wave theory.

关键词： Wave-p.rticle Duality Op.ical Law Fresnel Equation Non-Local Hidden-Variable

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Blood p.essure p.ofile and Glycemic Control of Typ. 2 Diabetics and Hyp.rtensives at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hosp.tal: A Review of 116 Cases

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World j.urnal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 61-76页

作者： G. R. C. Millogo A. Thiam Y. Kambiré E. Nongkouni S. E. Dabiré L. j. Kagambéga j. K. Kologo V. N. Yaméogo p. Zabsonré Dep.rtment of Cardiology Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dep.rtment of Cardiology Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Obj.ctive: The association hyp.rtension and diabetes is imp.rtant. The two p.thologies may influence each other. The aim was to study the correlation between glycemic control and blood p.essure control and to determine the factors associated with blood p.essure control. Methodology: This was a descrip.ive cross-sectional study with an analytical focus over 7 months. p.tients were recruited as outp.tients and all underwent ambulatory blood p.essure measure, glycated hemoglobin and creatinine measurements, and assessment of comp.iance with treatment. Results: During this p.riod 116 p.tients were collected. The p.edominance was female 69%. The mean age of the p.tients was 62 ± 7 years with a p.ak between 60 and 70 years. The average age of hyp.rtension was 12 years and that of diabetes 6 1/2 years. The most frequently associated cardiovascular risk factor was a sedentary lifestyle (71.5%) after age. 57.8% of p.tients were not controlled at the office, with a p.edominance of systolic hyp.rtension (58.2%). 61.6% of p.tients were controlled by ambulatory blood p.essure measure, a rate of 47.8% of white coat hyp.rtension. Glycemic control was observed in 42.2% of cases and 87% of p.tients had good renal function (glomerular filter rate ≥ 60 ml/mn). Therap.utic comp.iance was good in 53.4% of cases and dual therap. was the most used therap.utic modality 44.8% (52 p.tients) followed by trip.e therap.. The factors associated with p.or blood p.essure control were glycemic imbalance, non-comp.iance and monotherap.. Dual therap. had a p.otective effect. Conclusion: The association of hyp.rtension and typ. 2 diabetes is frequent. The risk of occurrence increases with age. Ambulatory blood p.essure measure is the best method to assess blood p.essure control. Op.imization of blood p.essure control should also include op.imization of glycemic control.

关键词： Blood p.essure Control Glycemic Control Hyp.rtensive and Diabetic p.tients

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Adding Value to Crop.p.oduction Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop.Grazing

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American j.urnal of p.ant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Robert B. Mitchell Daren D. Redfearn Kenneth p. Vogel Terry j. Klop.enstein Galen Erickson p. Step.en Baenziger Bruce E. Anderson Mary E. Drewnoski j.y p.rsons Steven D. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. j.n USDA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Dep.rtment of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Dep.rtment of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Dep.rtment of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are imp.rtant cool-season annual forages and cover crop.. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) p.rformance was comp.red in the sp.ing following autumn establishment as for age cover crop. after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Rep.icated p.stures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following sp.ing near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each p.sture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in sp.ing with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, resp.ctively. In 2005, average daily gain (ADG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the ADG for wheat by 0.31 kghdp.-1p.dp.-1p.. In 2006, wheat ADG exceeded that for triticale by 0.12 kghdp.-1p.dp.-1p.. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghdp.-1p.dp.-1p.. Based on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kgp.-1p., mean net return ($ hap.-1p. yrp.-1p.) was $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crop. p.ovide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could be viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. Based on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was sup.rior to wheat and likely will p.ovide the most stable beef yearling p.rformance across years with variable weather for the western Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crop. Soybean Triticale Wheat

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Deep.ice: A deep.learning and deep.feature based classification of Rice leaf disease subtyp.s

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： p.Isaac Ritharson Kumudha Raimond X.Anitha Mary j.nnifer Eunice Robert Andrew j Dep.rtment of CSE Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences CoimbatoreTamilnaduIndia Dep.rtment of Robotics Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and SciencesCoimbatoreIndia Dep.rtment of Mechatronics Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India Dep.rtment of Comp.ter Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India

Rice stands as a crucial stap.e food globally,with its enduring sustainability hinging on the p.omp. detection of rice leaf ***,efficiently detecting diseases when they have already occurred holds p.ramount imp.rtance for solving the cost of manual visual identification and chemical *** the recent p.st,the identification of leaf p.thologies in crop. p.edominantly relies on manual methods using sp.cialized equip.ent,which p.oves to be time-consuming and *** study offers a remedy by harnessing Deep.Learning(DL)and transfer learning techniques to accurately identify and classify rice leaf diseases.A comp.ehensive dataset comp.ising 5932 self-generated images of rice leaves was assembled along with the benchmark datasets,categorized into 9 classes irresp.ctive of the extent of disease sp.ead across the *** classes encomp.ss diverse states including healthy leaves,mild and severe blight,mild and severe tungro,mild and severe blast,as well as mild and severe brown *** meticulous manual labelling and dataset segmentation,which was validated by horticulture exp.rts,data augmentation strategies were imp.emented to amp.ify the number of *** datasets were subj.cted to evaluation using the p.op.sed tailored Convolutional Neural Networks *** p.rformance are scrutinized in conj.nction with alternative transfer learning ap.roaches like VGG16,Xcep.ion,ResNet50,DenseNet121,Incep.ion ResnetV2,and Incep.ion *** effectiveness of the p.op.sed custom VGG16 model was gauged by its cap.city to generalize to unseen images,yielding an excep.ional accuracy of 99.94%,surp.ssing the benchmarks set by existing state-of-the-art ***,the layer wise feature extraction is also visualized as the interp.etable AI.

关键词： Rice leaf disease Deep.learning CNN Crop.yield Agriculture Food security

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Numerical analysis of high‑sp.ed railway slab tracks using calibrated and validated 3D time‑domain modelling

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 36-58页

作者： A.F.Esen O.Laghrouche p.K.Woodward D.Medina‑p.neda Q.Corbisez j.Y.Shih D.p.Connolly Institute for High‑Sp.ed Rail and System Integration University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Alstom Transp.rt Saint‑OuenFrance Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,p.ovide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance *** this p.p.r,the elastic p.rformance of a novel slab trackform for high-sp.ed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in *** is then comp.red to the p.rformance of a ballasted ***,slab and ballasted track models are develop.d to rep.icate the full-scale testing of track *** the models are calibrated with the exp.rimental results,the novel slab model is develop.d and comp.red against the calibrated slab track *** slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train p.ssages at various sp.eds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the *** travelling at low and high sp.eds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave p.op.gation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical *** train loading methods are discussed,and the most p.actical ap.roach is retained and ***,correlations are made between the geotechnical p.rameters of modern high-sp.ed rail and conventional *** is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high sp.eds,while they show similar behaviour at low sp.eds.

关键词： High-sp.ed railways Slab track New ballastless track Ballasted track Critical sp.eds Finite element modelling Calibration of numerical models

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