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Robustness Criteria for Concurrent Evaluation of the Impact of Tolerances in Multiobjective Electric Machine Design Optimization

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2020年第1期4卷 3-12页

作者： gerd bramerdorfer Department of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics Johannes Kepler University LinzAustria

This article is about a comparison of different measures for determining the robustness or reliability of electric machine designs in the presence of inevitable *** selected criteria shall be suitable for concurrent evaluation in the course of solving state-of-the-art large scale multi-objective opti-mization *** the past,besides particularly customized criteria,mainly gradient based measures,worst case information,or standard deviation based quantities were *** this work,the quantile measure is introduced for electric machine design optimization and compared with the existing *** evaluation of a design’s robustness is typically examined based on finite element *** for most measures a signif-icant number of parameter combinations and thus computations are required,a surrogate model assisted approach is presented to minimize computational effort and runtime.A test problem is defined and analyzed to illustrate the differences of selected robustness *** reveal the importance of considering robustness in the optimization ***,a careful choice of appropriate measures has to be *** designs are compared and conclusions and an outlook on future activities are presented.

关键词： electric machine optimization robustness sen-sitivity six sigma tolerance analysis quantile

Cogging Torque Sensitivity considering Imperfect Magnet Positioning for Permanent Magnet Machines of Different Slot and Pole Count

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2020年第3期4卷 243-251页

作者： gerd bramerdorfer Edmund Marth Gereon Goldbeck Department of Electrical Drives and Power Electronics Johannes Kepler University LinzAustria

This work is about analyzing surface mounted permanent magnet machines regarding their sensitiveness related to erroneous magnet positioning.A finite element analysis based approach is presented and different topologies in terms of slot and pole count are *** study further includes the analysis of multiple magnet widths and stator teeth *** contrast to most of previous studies,the work is based on evaluating the cumulative distribution function of the cogging torque in case of non-idealities.A Monte Carlo importance sampling based strategy is *** approach facilitates studying arbitrary tolerance *** reveal that topologies with particularly promising rated cogging torque behaviour exhibit the most significant performance degradation in presence of tolerances.A linear relationship is identified for cogging torque performance as function of the accuracy in magnet *** emphasize the necessity of tolerance analyses for electric machine design to not overrate their performance in the presence of manufacturing uncertainties.

关键词： cumulative distribution function electric machine Monte Carlo PMSM quantile sensitivity tolerance analysis

A Hierarchy of Compatibility and Comeasurability Levels in Quantum Logics with Unique Conditional Probabilities

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2010年第12期54卷 974-980页

作者： gerd Niestegge Zillertalstrasse 39 81373 Muenchen Germany

In the quantum mechanical Hilbert space formalism, the probabilistic interpretation is a later ad-hocadd-on, more or less enforced by the experimental evidence, but not motivated by the mathematical model *** involving a clear probabilistic interpretation from the very beginning is provided by the quantum logics withunique conditional *** includes the projection lattices in von Neumann algebras and here probabilityconditionalization becomes identical with the state transition of the Lüders-von Neumann measurement *** the definition of a hierarchy of five compatibility and comeasurability levels in the abstract setting of thequantum logics with unique conditional *** meanings are: the absence of quantum interference orinfluence, the existence of a joint distribution, simultaneous measurability, and the independence of the final stateafter two successive measurements from the sequential order of these two measurements.A further level means that twoelements of the quantum logic (events) belong to the same Boolean *** the general case, the five compatibilityand comeasurability levels appear to differ, but they all coincide in the common Hilbert space formalism of quantummechanics, in von Neumann algebras, and in some other cases.

关键词： quantum measurement conditional probability quantum logic operator algebras

Epigenetic changes of DNA repair genes in cancer

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2011年第1期3卷 51-58页

作者： Christoph Lahtz gerd P.Pfeifer Department of Cancer Biology Beckman Research InstituteCity of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA

‘Every Hour Hurts,The Last One Kills’.That is an old saying about getting *** day,thousands of DNA damaging events take place in each cell of our body,but efficient DNA repair systems have evolved to prevent ***,our DNA repair system and that of most other organisms are not as perfect as that of Deinococcus radiodurans,for example,which is able to repair massive amounts of DNA damage at one *** many instances,accumulation of DNA damage has been linked to cancer,and genetic deficiencies in specific DNA repair genes are associated with tumor-prone *** addition to mutations,which can be either inherited or somatically acquired,epigenetic silencing of DNA repair genes may promote *** review will summarize current knowledge of the epigenetic inactivation of different DNA repair components in human cancer.

关键词： DNA methylation DNA repair epigenetics

Thermochemical Treatment——Technologies for Recovery and Utilisation of Materials

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过程工程学报 2006年第2期6卷 231-236页

作者： gerd Kley Rudolf Brenneis Burkart Adamczyk Franz-Georg Simon Division Waste Treatment and Remedial Eng. Federal Inst. Materials Research and Testing BAM Berlin 12200 Germany

The arc furnace technology is an ideally suited process for the treatment of hazardous and problematic waste. The operation conditions of the furnace can be adapted for optimal transformation of the waste material input into raw materials and usable products. The process can significantly reduce the impact of contaminated wastes and industrial residues, and enable material conversion and separation. Thus, the products of the process have various applications. The capability of the process is illustrated with three examples, the treatment of bottom ash and filter ash from waste incineration plants, of stainless steel slags and of chromium-containing residues from the refractory industry.

关键词：热化学处理原料分离耐火材料不锈钢

Functional neuroanatomy in panic disorder:Status quo of the research

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 12-33页

作者： Thomas Sobanski gerd Wagner Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapyand Psychosomatic MedicineThueringen-Kliniken GmbH Psychiatric Brain and Body Research Group Jena Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyJena University Hospital

AIM To provide an overview of the current research in the functional neuroanatomy of panic *** Panic disorder(PD) is a frequent psychiatric disease. Gorman et al(1989; 2000) proposed a comprehensive neuroanatomical model of PD, which suggested that fear-and anxiety-related responses are mediated by a so-called "fear network" which is centered in the amygdala and includes the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray region, locus coeruleus and other brainstem sites. We performed a systematic search by the electronic database PubMed. Thereby, the main focus was laid on recent neurofunctional, neurostructural, and neurochemical studies(from the period between January 2012 and April 2016). Within this frame, special attention was given to the emerging field of imaging genetics. RESULTS We noted that many neuroimaging studies have reinforced the role of the "fear network" regions in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. However, recent functional studies suggest abnormal activation mainly in an extended fear network comprising brainstem, anterior and midcingulate cortex(ACC and MCC), insula, and lateral as well as medial parts of the prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, differences in the amygdala activation were not as consistently reported as one would predict from the hypothesis of Gorman et al(2000). Indeed, amygdala hyperactivation seems to strongly depend on stimuli and experimental paradigms, sample heterogeneity and size, as well as on limitations of neuroimaging techniques. Advanced neurochemical studies have substantiated the major role of serotonergic, noradrenergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in the pathophysiology of PD. However, alterations of GABAergic function in PD are still a matter of debate and also their specificity remains questionable. A promising new research approach is "imaging genetics". Imaging genetic studies are designed to evaluate the impact of genetic variations(polymorphisms) on cerebral function in reg

关键词： Panic disorder Anterior cingulate cortex Amygdala Insula Functional magnetic resonance imaging Diffusion tensor imaging Voxel-based morphometry Imaging genetics Serotonin Noradrenaline

Intraepithelial lymphocytes, scores, mimickers and challenges in diagnosing gluten-sensitive enteropathy(celiac disease)

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第4期23卷 573-589页

作者： Consolato Sergi Fan Shen gerd Bouma Tian You Hospital Wuhan University of Science and Technology Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of AlbertaEdmonton AB T6G 2B7 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Vrije Universiteit Medical Center1081 HV Amsterdam

The upper digestive tract is routinely scoped for several causes of malabsorption, and the number of duodenal biopsy specimens has increased notably in the last 10 years. Gluten-sensitive enteropathy(GSE) is an autoimmune disease, which shows an increasing prevalence worldwide and requires a joint clinicopathological approach. The classical histopathology of GSE with partial or total villous blunting is well recognized, but the classification of GSE is not straightforward. Moreover, several mimickers of GSE with intraepithelial lymphocytosis have been identified in the last 20 years, with drug interactions and medical comorbidities adding to the conundrum. In this review, we report on the normal duodenal mucosa, the clinical presentation and laboratory diagnosis of GSE, the duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytes and immunophenotype of GSE-associated lymphocytes, the GSE mimickers, the differences "across oceans" among guidelines in diagnosing GSE, and the use of a synoptic report for reporting duodenal biopsies in both children and adults in the 21^(st) century.

关键词： Gluten Duodenum Lymphocytes

Temporal evolution of contacts and communities in networks of face-to-face human interactions

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2014年第3期57卷 29-45页

作者： Mark KIBANOV Martin ATZMUELLER Christoph SCHOLZ gerd STUMME Knowledge and Data Engineering Group University of KasselWilhelmshher Allee 73Kassel D-34121Germany

Temporal dynamics of social interaction networks as well as the analysis of communities are key aspects to gain a better understanding of the involved processes,important influence factors,their efects,and their structural *** this article,we analyze temporal dynamics of contacts and the evolution of communities in networks of face-to-face *** our application context,we consider four scientific *** a structural level,we focus on static and dynamic properties of the contact ***,we analyze the resulting community structure using state-of-the-art automatic community detection ***,we analyze the evolution of contacts and communities over time to consider the stability of the respective ***,we assess diferent factors which have an influence on the quality of community ***,we provide first important insights into the evolution of contacts and communities in face-to-face contact networks.

关键词： social network analysis community detection face-to-face contact networks temporal networks community stability

Peptide self-assembly into lamellar phases and the formation of lipid-peptide nanostructures

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Nano Research 2018年第2期11卷 913-928页

作者： Karin Kornmueller Bernhard Lehofer gerd Leitinger Heinz Amenitsch Ruth Prassl Institute of Biophysics Medical University of Graz BioTechMed-Graz Graz Austria Institute of Cell Biology Histology and Embryology Research Unit Electron Microscopic Techniques Medical University of Graz Graz Austria Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Graz University of Technology Graz Austria

Lipids exhibit an extraordinary polymorphism in self-assembled mesophases, with lamellar phases as the most relevant biological representative. To mimic lipid lamellar phases with amphiphilic designer peptides, seven systematically varied short peptides were engineered. Indeed, four peptide candidates （V4D, V4WD, V4WD2, I4WD2） readily self-assembled into lamellae in aqueous solution. Small-angle X-ray scattering （SAXS） patterns revealed ordered lamellar structures with a repeat distance of 4-5 nm. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） images confirmed the presence of stacked sheets. Two derivatives （V3D and V4D2） remained as loose aggregates dispersed in solution; one peptide （L4WD2） formed twisted tapes with internal lameUae and an antiparaUel -type monomer aligrtment. To understand the interaction of peptides with lipids, they were mixed with phosphatidylcholines. Low peptide concentrations （1.1 mM） induced the formation of a heterogeneous mixture of vesicular structures. Large multilamellar vesicles （MLV, d-spacing - 6.3 nm） coexisted with oligo- or unilamellar vesicles （- 50 nm in diameter） and bicelle-like structures （- 45 nm length, - 18 nm width）. High peptide concentrations （11 mM） led to unilamellar vesicles （ULV, diameter - 260-280 nm） with a homogeneous mixing of lipids and peptides. SAXS revealed the temperature-dependent fine structure of these ULVs. At 25 ℃ the bilayer is in a fully Interdigitated state （headgroup-to-headgroup distance dH, -2.9 nm）, whereas at 50 ℃this interdigitation opens up （dtm- 3.6 nm）. Our results highlight the versatility of self-assembled peptide superstructures. Subtle changes in the amino acid composition are key design elements in creating peptide- or lipid- peptide nanostructures with richness in morphology similar to that of naturally occurrin~ lioids.

关键词： amphiphilic designerpeptides lipids nanostructures lamellae small-angle X-rayscattering (SAXS) transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM)