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Efficacy of Botanicals on Parasitoids of Mango Fruit Flies in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第1期12卷 24-37页

作者： Rabieta Simde Delphine Ouattara Elias Mano georges Kambou georges Kambou Souleymane Nacro Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) Central Horticulture Laboratory of the Regional Center of Excellence in Fruits and Vegetables of Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institute of Research in Applied Sciences and Technologies (IRSAT) Laboratory of Natural Substances and Technologies of Natural Products and the Environment (LABTECH-PRONE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Kamboinsé Environmental Agricultural Research and Training Center Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The effect of Capsicum annuum and Strophantus hispidus formulations was evaluated on Diachasmimorpha longicaudata. The formulations were obtained from the crude total extracts of C. annuum;S. hispidus and the adjuvant previously developed. The formulations were prepared according to three concentrations of extracts of each plant species (low, medium and high). These concentrations were calculated on the basis of 1.5 mg/mL of each formulation causing 18% and 15% mortality respectively in Ceratitis cosyra within 72 h. The effect of the formulations on D. longicaudata was tested using a Fisher block design with 8 treatments (C. annuum (3.75;7.5;12.5 g/L);S. hispidus (4.5;9;15 g/L);Success bait 2.4 g/L;control) and 5 replicates. For each formulation, 1.5 mL was poured into a vial containing 0.25 g of cotton. Then 20 adults of the parasitoid were added and the whole was covered with muslin and held in place with rubber bands. The parasitoids were examined after 24 and 72 hours, and those that did not react to the touch of a fine brush were considered dead. The results showed a difference between the treatments. After 24 hours of exposure, the parasitoid showed high mortality at the S. hispidus concentrations (15 g/L;4.5 g/L) followed by the Success bait. These concentrations resulted in mortality rates of 22.50% for S. hispidus and 20.50% for Success bait. After 72 h, low parasitoid mortality (35.81%) was obtained with 3.75 g/L C. annuum, but high mortality was observed with S. hispidus (59.95%;64.20%;57.15%) and Success bait (54.80%). The use of C. annuum formulations at 3.75 g/L could be recommended for conserving D. longicaudata in the nature.

关键词： Concentrations Exposure Mortality Parasitoid Formulations

Advancing critical care recovery:The pivotal role of machine learning in early detection of intensive care unit-acquired weakness

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第21期12卷 4455-4459页

作者： georges Khattar Elie Bou Sanayeh Department of Medicine Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States

This editorial explores the significant challenge of intensive care unit-acquiredweakness(ICU-AW),a prevalent condition affecting critically ill patients,characterizedby profound muscle weakness and complicating patient *** paradox of modern medical advances,it emphasizes the urgent needfor early identification and intervention to mitigate ICU-AW's ***,the study by Wang et al is showcased for employing a multilayer perceptronneural network model,achieving high accuracy in predicting *** advancement underscores the potential of neural network models inenhancing patient care but also calls for continued research to address limitationsand improve model *** editorial advocates for the developmentand validation of sophisticated predictive tools,aiming for personalized carestrategies to reduce ICU-AW incidence and severity,ultimately improving patientoutcomes in critical care settings.

关键词： Critical illness myopathy Critical illness polyneuropathy Early detection Intensive care unit-acquired weakness Neural network models Patient outcomes Personalized intervention strategies Predictive modeling

Mapping Climate Services for Disaster Risk Management: A Systematic Review and Research Gaps from a Policy Process Perspective

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第2期13卷 314-360页

作者： Aboubacar Issaka Ousman Gaoh Wolfram Laube georges Abbevi Abbey Moussa Waongo West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Accra Ghana Department of Geography-DRP-Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management University of Lom Lom Togo Department of Political and Cultural Change Centre for Development Research (ZEF) University of Bonn Bonn Germany Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management School of Agriculture University of Lom Lom Togo Department of Training and Research Regional Centre for West Africa and the Sahel (AGRHYMET) Niamey Niger

Climate services (CS) are crucial for mitigating and managing the impacts and risks associated with climate-induced disasters. While evidence over the past decade underscores their effectiveness across various domains, particularly agriculture, to maximize their potential, it is crucial to identify emerging priority areas and existing research gaps for future research agendas. As a contribution to this effort, this paper employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology to review the state-of-the-art in the field of climate services for disaster risk management. A comprehensive search across five literature databases combined with a snowball search method using ResearchRabbit was conducted and yielded 242 peer-reviewed articles, book sections, and reports over 2013-2023 after the screening process. The analysis revealed flood, drought, and food insecurity as major climate-related disasters addressed in the reviewed literature. Major climate services addressed included early warning systems, (sub)seasonal forecasts and impact-based warnings. Grounded in the policy processes’ theoretical perspective, the main focus identified and discussed three prevailing policy-oriented priority areas: 1) development of climate services, 2) use-adoption-uptake, and 3) evaluation of climate services. In response to the limitations of the prevalent supply-driven and top-down approach to climate services promotion, co-production emerges as a cross-cutting critical aspect of the identified priority areas. Despite the extensive research in the field, more attention is needed, particularly pronounced in the science-policy interface perspective, which in practice bridges scientific knowledge and policy decisions for effective policy processes. This perspective offers a valuable analytical lens as an entry point for further investigation. Hence, future research agendas would generate insightful evidence by scrutinizing this critical aspect g

关键词： Climate Services Disaster Risk Management Policy Process Science-Policy Interface Institutional Analysis

Evaluation of Procedural Pain in Neonates in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 568-578页

作者： Claude-Audrey Meguieze Rose Bidias Etouckey georges Eric Nseme Koki Ndombo Paul Olivier Pediatrics Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Morphologic Sciences Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Acute pain associated with caregiving is a major cause of pain among neonates. Left untreated, it can lead to long-term neurosensory and psychoaffective consequences. In Cameroon, this subject has been scarcely explored, thus constituting an impediment to the management of care-induced pain. Objective: Assess procedural pain in neonates in Yaoundé. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study with prospective data collection over a period of eight months (October 2022 to May 2023) in three hospitals. We included neonates who were being cared for and were not crying prior to the onset of healthcare, whose parents consented to the study. Assessments were done using the DAN scale, which is specific to care-induced pain. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 23.0 software. Results: A total of 161 newborns were included. The hospital prevalence of care-induced pain in neonates was 85%. Neonatal sepsis was the main cause for admission (96.6%). The most common procedures were venous blood sampling (94.4%) and insertion of peripheral venous lines (93.8%). The pain intensity for these procedures was severe (83.9%). The most painful procedure was lumbar tap, followed by venous access procedures. Conclusion: Neonates in hospitals are subjected to many painful procedures. The pain experienced during these procedures is severe. The most nociceptive procedure is a lumbar puncture.

关键词： Assessment Procedural Pain Neonate Yaoundé Cameroon

A modified clinicopathological tumor staging system for survival prediction of patients with penile cancer

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 726-735页

作者： Zai-Shang Li Antonio Augusto Ornellas Christian Schwentner Xiang Li Alcides Chaux georges netto Arthur LBurnett Yong Tang JiunHung Geng Kai Yao Xiao-Feng Chen Bin Wang Hong Liao Nan Liu Peng Chen Yong-Hong Lei Qi-Wu Mi Hui-Lan Rao Ying-Ming Xiao Qi-Lin Wang Zi-Ke Qin Zhuo-Wei Liu Yong-Hong Li Zi-Jun Zou Jun-Hang Luo Hui Li Hui Han Fang-Jian Zhou Department of Urology Shenzhen People’s HospitalThe Second Clinical College of Jinan UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongP.R.China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineGuangzhou 510060GuangdongP.R.China Department of Urology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center651 Dongfeng RoadEast Guangzhou 510060GuangdongP.R.China Department of Urology Brazilian National Institute of Cancer and Hospital Mário KröeffRio de Janeiro 20230-130Brazil Section of Urology National Institute of CancerRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Urology Diakonie Klinikum Stuttgart70174 StuttgartGermany Urological Department Urological InstituteWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041SichuanP.R.China Department of Scientific Research Norte University1001-1925 AsunciónParaguay Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA Department of Urology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA Department of Urology Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021GuangxiP.R.China Department of Urology Kaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan 807China Department of Urology The First People’s Hospital of ChenzhouChenzhou 423000HunanP.R.China Department of Urology Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000GuangdongP.R.China Department of Urology Sichuan Cancer HospitalChengdu 610041SichuanP.R.China Department of Urology Oncological Surgery Chongqing Cancer Hospital&Institute&Cancer CenterChongqing 400040China Department of Urology Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi 830011XinjiangP.R.China Department of Urology Yunnan Provincial Tumor HospitalThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650118YunnanP.R.China Department of Urology Dongguan People’s HospitalDongguan 523059GuangdongP.R.China Department of Pathology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guangdo

Background:The 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor-node-metastasis(AJCC-TNM)staging system is based on a few retrospective single-center *** aimed to test the prognostic validity of the staging system and to determine whether a modified clinicopathological tumor staging system that includes lymphovascular emboliza-tion could increase the accuracy of prognostic prediction for patients with stage T2-3 penile ***:A training cohort of 411 patients who were treated at 2 centers in China and Brazil between 2000 and 2015 were staged according to the 8th AJCC-TNM staging *** internal validation was analyzed by bootstrap-corrected C-indexes(resampled 1000 times).Data from 436 patients who were treated at 15 centers over four conti-nents were used for external ***:A survivorship overlap was observed between T2 and T3 patients(P=0.587)classified according to the 8th AJCC-TNM staging *** embolization was a significant prognostic factor for metastasis and survival(all P<0.001).Based on the multivariate analysis,only lymphovascular embolization showed a significant influ-ence on cancer-specific survival(CSS)(hazard ratio=1.587,95%confidence interval=1.253-2.011;P=0.001).T2 and T3 patients with lymphovascular embolization showed significantly shorter CSS than did those without lymphovascu-lar embolization(P<0.001).Therefore,a modified clinicopathological staging system was proposed,with the T2 and T3 categories of the 8th AJCC-TNM staging system being subdivided into two new categories as follows:t2 tumors invade the corpus spongiosum and/or corpora cavernosa and/or urethra without lymphovascular invasion,and t3 tumors invade the corpus spongiosum and/or corpora cavernosa and/or urethra with lymphovascular *** modified staging system involving lymphovascular embolization showed improved prognostic stratification with significant differences in CSS among all categories(all P<0.005)and exhibited higher accur

关键词： Penile neoplasms Lymph node metastasis Staging Lymph node excision Prognosis

Successful Laparoscopic Management of a Migrated Intrauterine Contraceptive Device in the Pelvic Cavity: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第1期14卷 36-43页

作者： Tompeen Isidore Inna Rakya Tchounzou Robert Neng Humphry Mangala georges Tchenté Charlotte Mboudou Emile Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Background: An Intrauterine device (IUD) is a long-acting reversible contraceptive commonly used in clinical practice. Its insertion in the uterus is simple and safe. But sometimes, complications can occur. Case Report: Herein, we report a case of successful laparoscopic removal of a missing IUD Copper-T, mis-inserted in a 32-year-old woman, 4 months after she delivered by caesarian section, and presented persistent lower abdominal pain lasting 6 months. Uterine ultrasound was unremarkable, but a plain abdominopelvic X-ray confirmed the presence of the Copper-T inside the abdominal cavity. Conclusion: Insertion of IUD is simple and safe. When the diagnosis of uterine perforation following its insertion is clinically suspected and radiologically confirmed, laparoscopy, when available, remains one of the best options for removal.

关键词： IUD Ectopic Migration Contraception Laparoscopy

Survival Rate and Factors Influencing It in Triptorelin-Castrated Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第3期14卷 160-172页

作者： Sossa Jean Vissoh Gilvias Yevi Dodji Magloire Inès Hodonou Fred Avakoudjo Déjinnin Josué georges Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga Cotonou Bénin

Background: Most newly diagnosed prostate cancers in Benin are metastatic diseases and patients are reluctant to undergo orchiectomy. Still, chemical androgen deprivation therapy is not always available and not every patient can afford it. Thus, it will be interesting to evaluate the results of that therapy in the country. Objective: To analyze the survival rate and factors influencing it in metastatic prostate cancer patients who underwent triptorelin-based androgen deprivation therapy at the former Military Teaching Hospital of Cotonou from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2022. Patients and Method: Metastatic prostate cancer patients received intragluteal injections of triptorelin 11.25 mg every 3 months. We retrospectively collected follow-up data from the patients’ medical records. By means of the software StataTM version 15, we performed a descriptive analysis of qualitative data. We used Kaplan-Meir method to estimate the overall survival rate in the whole cohort and in specific subgroups of patients. We compared survival rates by using the log-rank test. Results: 68 metastatic prostate cancer patients aged 47-86 years (mean = 69.9) with initial PSA ranging from 24.25 to 6334 ng/mL (mean = 666.1) started triptorelin-based castration. The tumor grade in 21 (33.3%), 14 (22.2%), 15 (23.8), 8 (12.7%), and 5 (7.9%) patients was respectively ISUP grade groups 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1. 15 (22.1%), 4 (5.9%), 2 (2.9%), 1 (1.5%), 11 (16.2%), and 7 (10.3%) patients respectively had hypertension, diabetes mellitus, peptic ulcer, asthma, unilateral or bilateral hydronephrosis, and paralysis. The mean nadir PSA level was 22.5 ng/mL (range: 0.01-220.25). The mean time to nadir PSA level was 8.9 months (range: 3-57). The overall survival rate was 42.6%. There was no significant survival difference between age groups (p = 0.475), relating to the presence of diabetes or hypertension (p = 0.757) or to the presence of paralysis or hydronephrosis (p = 0.090). The initial PSA level exert

关键词： Metastatic Prostate Cancer Androgen Deprivation Therapy Overall Survival PSA Nadir

Actors of Psychoactive Drug Initiation among Adolescents in Yaoundé-Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 246-254页

作者： Claude-Audrey Meguieze Atabe Ngwene Neri Ngole georges Eric Nseme Etouckey Paul Olivier Koki Ndombo Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Morphologic Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Actors of psychoactive drug initiation refer to those who introduce others to psychoactive drug use (initiators) and those who are introduced to psychoactive drugs (users). By identifying their features, better prevention and intervention programs can be developed to reduce psychoactive drug use among adolescents. This article describes the role of actors of psychoactive drug initiation among teenagers in secondary schools in Yaoundé (Cameroon). Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out in twelve secondary schools in Yaoundé from October 2022 to May 2023. Adolescents from Form four to upper sixth, who assented to participate in the study and received parental consent were included. Data were collected in a structured self-reported questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 23. Quantitative variables were expressed using means, standard deviations, median and interquartile ranges depending on the distribution of data. Qualitative variables were expressed in the form of frequency and percentages. Results: Drug use was more prevalent among male adolescents (55.3%) from nuclear families (91.4%) who received relatively high pocket money. The main sources of drug exposure were non-family members (49.7%), especially friends outside school. The most frequent place of initiation was snack bars (33.1%). Conclusion: The study revealed the importance of the family, friends and leisure places in the initiation process of drug use in teenagers. Based on these results, parents and school authorities should work together to create a safe and supportive environment that fosters communication, education to prevent drug abuse among adolescents in Yaoundé.

关键词： Initiators Drug Users Adolescents Cameroon

Soil Organic Carbon Stock Variation under Different Soil Types and Land Uses in the Sub-Humid Noun Plain, Western Cameroon

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第4期14卷 191-209页

作者： Frank Abigail Sobze Kenfack georges Kogge Kome Achille Bienvenue Ibrahim Viviane Pauline Mandah Dieudonne Bitondo Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Land Surveying National Advanced School of Public Works Yaound&#233 Cameroon International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Cameroon Eco-Regional Center HFS Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Earth Science Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

This study was conducted to assess the current stock of soil organic carbon under different agricultural land uses, soil types and soil depths in the Noun plain in western Cameroon. Three sites were selected for the study, namely Mangoum, Makeka and Fossang, representative of the three dominant soil types of the noun plain (Andosols, Acrisols and Ferralsols). Three land uses were selected per site including natural vegetation, agroforest and crop field. Soil was sampled at three depths;0 - 20 cm, 20 - 40 cm, and 40 - 60 cm. Analysis of variance showed that soil type did not significantly influence carbon storage, but rather land uses and soil depth. SOCS decreased significantly with depth in all the sites, with an average stock of 66.3 ± 15.8 tC/ha at 0 - 20 cm, compared to an average stock of 33.3 ± 7.4 tC/ha at 40 - 60 cm. SOCS was significantly highest in the natural formation with 57.2 ± 19.7 tC/ha, and lowest in cultivated fields, at 37.7 ± 10.6 tC/ha. Andosols, with their high content of coarse fragments, stored less organic carbon than Ferralsols and Acrisols.

关键词： Carbon Stocks Soil Type Soil Depth Agricultural Land Use Noun Plain