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Flexible ultra-thin super-resolution endoscopy

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 171-172页

作者： george S.D.Gordon Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG7 2RDUK

In recent years, multimode fiber(MMF) has become an important tool for high-resolution endoscopic imaging in narrow channels(e.g., in the brain via needles or inside blood vessels) due to its high mode density and fine diameter, typically <0.125 mm [1-6]. However, a major obstacle to widespread deployment in applications is that realistic perturbations, including bending, twisting and changes in temperature, cause unacceptable image degradation.

关键词： fiber resolution typically

Accelerated thermal ageing on performance of polypropylene-based semiconducting screen for high voltage direct current cable applications-Effect of antioxidants

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 410-418页

作者： Haitian Wang Yi Luo Mingyu Zhou Xintong Ren george Chen GEIRI BerlinGermany The Tony Davies High Voltage Laboratory University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

The potential of using eco-friendly thermoplastic polypropylene(PP)-based insulation for high voltage direct current(HVDC)cable has been widely investigated but much less work on the PP-based semiconducting screen(SC).Considering a long service life(>30 years)under high temperature and high electrical stress is required for typical HVDC cables,and investigations on the effect of antioxidant(AO)concentration and thermal oxidative sta-bility,mechanical,and electrical properties of PP-based SCs have been *** has been demonstrated that an appropriate combination and amounts of AOs are critical for achieving high thermal stability and maintaining the mechanical properties of SC after ageing in a harsh environment(150°C,with Cu,in air,7 days).Although higher amounts of space charges have been observed in SC/PP/SC samples with higher AO concentrations,the impact on space charge behaviours is less after ageing,suggesting that ageing(or operating at high temperature)leads to microstructure evolution in SC and can potentially mitigate space accumulation in PP-based insulating materials.

关键词： microstructure thermal high

Diagnosis and management of malaria in the intensive care unit

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 3-15页

作者： george Akafity Nicholas Kumi Joyce Ashong Department of Research Monitoringand EvaluationCape Coast Teaching HospitalCape CoastGhana Intensive Care Unit Department of Critical Care and AnesthesiaCape Coast Teaching HospitalCape Coast Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Cape Coast Teaching HospitalCape CoastGhana

Malaria is responsible for approximately three-quarters of a million deaths in humans globally each *** of the morbidity and mortality reported are from Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia,where the disease is *** non-endemic areas,malaria is the most common cause of imported infection and is associated with significant mortality despite recent advancements and investments in elimination *** malaria often requires intensive care unit admission and can be complicated by cerebral malaria,respiratory distress,acute kidney injury,bleeding complications,and *** care management includes prompt diagnosis and early initiation of effective antimalarial therapy,recognition of complications,and appropriate supportive ***,the lack of diagnostic capacities due to limited advances in equipment,personnel,and infrastructure presents a challenge to the effective diagnosis and management of *** article reviews the clinical classification,diagnosis,and management of malaria as relevant to critical care clinicians,highlighting the role of diagnostic capacity,treatment options,and supportive care.

关键词： Malaria Intensive care unit Severe malaria Antimicrobial resistance Antimalarials Artemisinin-based combination therapy

Engineering Nano/Microscale Chiral Self‑Assembly in 3D Printed Constructs

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 313-332页

作者： Mohsen Esmaeili Ehsan Akbari Kyle george Gelareh Rezvan Nader Taheri‑Qazvini Monirosadat Sadati Department of Chemical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA TA Instruments Waters LLCNew CastleDE 19720USA Biomedical Engineering Program University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Helical hierarchy found in biomolecules like cellulose,chitin,and collagen underpins the remarkable mechanical strength and vibrant colors observed in living *** study advances the integration of helical/chiral assembly and 3D printing technology,providing precise spatial control over chiral nano/microstructures of rod-shaped colloidal nanoparticles in intricate *** designed reactive chiral inks based on cellulose nanocrystal(CNC)suspensions and acrylamide monomers,enabling the chiral assembly at nano/microscale,beyond the resolution seen in printed *** employed a range of complementary techniques including Orthogonal Superposition rheometry and in situ rheo-optic measurements under steady shear rate *** techniques help us to understand the nature of the nonlinear flow behavior of the chiral inks,and directly probe the flow-induced microstructural dynamics and phase transitions at constant shear rates,as well as their post-flow ***,we analyzed the photo-curing process to identify key parameters affecting gelation kinetics and structural integrity of the printed object within the supporting *** insights into the interplay between the chiral inks self-assembly dynamics,3D printing flow kinematics and photopolymerization kinetics provide a roadmap to direct the out-of-equilibrium arrangement of CNC particles in the 3D printed filaments,ranging from uniform nematic to 3D concentric chiral structures with controlled pitch length,as well as random orientation of chiral *** biomimetic approach can pave the way for the creation of materials with superior mechanical properties or programable photonic responses that arise from 3D nano/microstructure and can be translated into larger scale 3D printed designs.

关键词： Directed chiral self-assembly Cellulose nanocrystals Bioinspired nanocomposite 3D printing Rheology

Key factors to prioritize when preparing for the Olympic Games

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 719-721页

作者： george P.Nassis Gregoire P.Millet Department of Physical Education College of EducationUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain 15551United Arab Emirates Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanne 1015Switzerland

We need more research that will fulfill the needs of athletes and *** is a common statement,highly relevant nowadays only a few weeks before the commencement of the Paris 2024 Olympic *** fill this gap,we have identified 6 topics that we feel coaches and athletes would be interested in learning more to optimize their preparation for the *** topics are.

关键词： preparing statement interested

Bulk geochemistry,Rb-Sr,Sm-Nd,and stable O-H isotope systematics of the Metzimevin high-grade iron ore deposit,Mbalam iron ore district,southern Cameroon

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 677-706页

作者： Samndong Cyril Tufoin Cheo Emmanuel Suh Tabod Charles Tabod george Lemewihbwen Ngiamte Department of Geology Mining and Environmental ScienceThe University of BamendaB.P.39BambiliNorth West RegionCameroon Economic Geology Unit Department of GeologyUniversity of BueaP.O.63BueaSouth West RegionCameroon Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceThe University of BamendaB.P.39BambiliNorth West RegionCameroon Department of Geology Pan-African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute(PAULESI)University of IbadanIbadanNigeria

Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-H isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore district,Southern Cameroon,Metzimevin iron ore deposit is a hematite-magnetite BIF system,dominated by SiO_(2)+Fe_(2)O_(3)(97.1 to 99.84 wt%),with low concentrations of clastic elements e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and HFSE,depicting a nearly pure chemical *** REE+Y signature of the iron deposit displays strong positive Eu anomaly,strong negative Ce anomaly,and chondritic to superchondritic Y/Ho ratios,suggestive of formation by mixed seawater-high temperature hydrothermal fluids in oxidising ***^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of the BIF are higher than the maximum^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr evolution curves for all Archean reservoirs(bulk silicate earth,Archean crust and Archean seawater),indicating involvement of continentally-derived components during BIF formation and ***Ɛ_(Nd)(t)(+2.26 to+3.77)and Nd model age indicate that chemical constituents for the BIF were derived from undifferentiated crustal source,between 3.002 and 2.88 *** variable and diverse O and H isotope data(−1.9‰to 17.3‰and−57‰to 136‰respectively)indicate that the Metzimevin iron ore formed initially from magmatic plumes and later enriched by magmatic-metamorphic-modified meteoric *** balance calculations indicate mineralisation by combined leaching and precipitation,with an average iron enrichment factor of>2.67 and SiO_(2)depletion factor of>*** is associated with an overall volume reduction of 28.27%,reflecting net leaching and volume collapse of the BIF protholith.

关键词： Bulk geochemistry Rb-Sr Sm-Nd Mitzimevin High-grade iron ore

Nanozyme‑Engineered Hydrogels for Anti‑Inflammation and Skin Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 127-179页

作者： Amal george Kurian Rajendra K.Singh Varsha Sagar Jung‑Hwan Lee Hae‑Won Kim Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science&BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science School of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman‑Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Cell and Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare *** therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse ***,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these ***-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of *** multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and *** review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration *** also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their ***,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are *** insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.

关键词： Nanozymes Hydrogels ROS scavenging Anti-inflammation Skin regeneration

Clinical and socioeconomic determinants of survival in biliary tract adenocarcinomas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1374-1383页

作者： Laura Sahyoun Kay Chen Cynthia Tsay george Chen Petr Protiva Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065United States Gastroenterology Section Jennifer Moreno VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA 92161United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology John Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMD 21287United States Department of Digestive Diseases Yale New Haven HospitalNew HavenCT 06520United States Department of Gastroenterology VA Connecticut Health Care SystemWest HavenCT 06516United States

BACKGROUND Despite advances in detection and treatments,biliary tract cancers continue to have poor survival ***,there is limited data investigating the significance of socioeconomic status,race/ethnicity,and environmental factors in biliary tract cancer *** from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database for biliary and gallbladder adenocarcinomas were extracted from 1975 to ***-conomic data included smoking,poverty level,education,adjusted household income,and percentage of foreign-born persons and urban *** was calculated with Cox proportional hazards models for death in the 5-year period following *** Our study included 15883 gallbladder,11466 intrahepatic biliary,12869 extrahepatic biliary and 7268 ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma *** analyzing county-specific demographics,patients from counties with higher incomes were associated with higher survival rates[hazard ratio(HR)=0.97,P<0.05].Similarly,counties with a higher percentage of patients with a college level education and counties with a higher urban population had higher 5-year survival rates(HR=0.96,P=0.002 and HR=0.97,P=0.004,respectively).CONCLUSION Worse survival outcomes were observed in lower income counties while higher income and education level were associated with higher 5-year overall survival among gallbladder and biliary malignancies.

关键词： Biliary tract cancers Survival Outcomes research Socioeconomic factors Healthcare disparities

Probiotics: Shaping the gut immunological responses

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2096-2108页

作者： Eirini Filidou Leonidas Kandilogiannakis Anne Shrewsbury george Kolios Katerina Kotzampassi Faculty of Medicine Laboratory of PharmacologyDemocritus University of ThraceAlexandroupolis 68100Greece Department of Surgery Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54636Greece

Probiotics are live microorganisms exerting beneficial effects on the host’s health when administered in adequate *** the most popular and adequately studied probiotics are bacteria from the families Lactobacillaceae,Bifidobacteriaceae and *** of them have been shown,both in vitro and in vivo studies of intestinal inflammation models,to provide favorable results by means of improving the gut microbiota composition,promoting the wound healing process and shaping the immunological *** intestinal conditions,such as inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),are characterized by an imbalance in microbiota composition,with decreased diversity,and by relapsing and persisting inflammation,which may lead to mucosal *** the results of the clinical studies investigating the effect of probiotics on patients with IBD are still controversial,it is without doubt that these microorganisms and their metabolites,now named postbiotics,have a positive influence on both the host’s microbiota and the immune system,and ultimately alter the topical tissue *** influence is achieved through three axes:(1)By dis-placement of potential pathogens via competitive exclusion;(2)by offering protection to the host through the secretion of various defensive mediators;and(3)by supplying the host with essential *** will analyze and discuss almost all the in vitro and in vivo studies of the past 2 years dealing with the possible favorable effects of certain probiotic genus on gut immunological responses,highlighting which species are the most beneficial against intestinal inflammation.

关键词： Probiotics Lactobacillaceae Bifidobacteriaceae Saccharomyces Intestinal inflammation Immune responses