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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 183-198页

作者： Beatrice Chepkoech Ches.rek george Morara Ogendi Paul Mutua Makenzi Department of Environmental s.ience Egerton University Njoro Kenya

Decline in wildlife populations.is.manifes. globally, regionally and locally. A wildlife decline of 68% has.been reported in Kenya’s.rangelands.with Baringo County experiencing more than 85% wildlife los. in the las. four decades. Greater Kudu (Tragelaphus.s.reps.ceros. is.endemic to Lake Bogoria lands.ape in Baringo County and cons.itutes.a major touris. attraction for the region neces.itating us. of its.photo on the County’s.logo and thus.a flags.ip s.ecies. Touris. plays.a central role in Baringo County’s.economy and is.a major s.urce of potential growth and employment creation. The s.udy was.carried out to as.es. s.atio-temporal change of dis.ers.l areas.of Greater Kudu (GK) in Lake Bogoria lands.ape in the las. four years.for enhanced adaptive management and improved livelihoods. GK population dis.ribution primary data collected in December 2022 and s.condary data acquired from Lake Bogoria National Game Res.rve (LBNGR) for 2019 and 2020 were digitized us.ng in a Geographic Information s.s.em (GIs.. Meas.res.of dis.ers.on and point pattern analys.s.(PPA) were us.d to analyze dis.ers.l of GK population us.ng GIs. s.atio-temporal change of GK dis.ers.l in LBNR was.evident thus.the null hypothes.s.was.rejected. It is.recommended that anthropogenic activities.contributing to GK’s.habitat degradation be curbed by providing alternative livelihood s.urces.and promoting community adoption of s.s.ainable technologies.for improved livelihoods.

关键词： s.atio-Temporal Change Dis.ers.l Greater Kudu (Tragelaphus.s.reps.ceros. Point Pattern Analys.s.(PPA) GIs

Enhanced potency of an IgM-like nanobody targeting cons.rved epitope in s.Rs.CoV-2 s.ike N-terminal domain

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s.gnal Trans.uction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2726-2737页

作者： Bo Liu Honghui Liu Pu Han Xiaoyun Wang Chunmei Wang Xinxin Yan Wenwen Lei Ke Xu Jianjie Zhou Jianxun Qi Ruiwen Fan Guizhen Wu Wen-xia Tian george F.Gao Qihui Wang College of Veterinary Medicine Shanxi Agricultural University030801 JinzhongChina CAs.Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)100101 BeijingChina s.hool of Life s.iences Yunnan University650504 KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina NHC Key Laboratory of Bios.fety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(China CDC)102206 BeijingChina s.vaid Medical s.hool University of Chinese Academy of Sciences101408 BeijingChina

Almos. all the neutralizing antibodies.targeting the receptor-binding domain(RBD)of s.ike(s.protein s.ow weakened or los. efficacy agains. s.vere acute res.iratory s.ndrome coronavirus.2(s.Rs.CoV-2)emerged or emerging variants.s.ch as.Omicron and its.*** s.gges.s.that highly cons.rved epitopes.are crucial for the development of neutralizing ***,we pres.nt one nanobody,N235,dis.laying broad neutralization agains. the s.Rs.CoV-2 prototype and multiple variants.including the newly emerged Omicron and its.***-electron micros.opy demons.rates.N235 binds.a novel,cons.rved,cryptic epitope in the N-terminal domain(NTD)of the s.protein,which interferes.with the RBD in the neighboring s.*** neutralization mechanis. interpreted via flow cytometry and Wes.ern blot s.ows.that N235 appears.to induce the s. s.bunit s.edding from the trimeric s.***,a nano-IgM cons.ruct(MN235),engineered by fus.ng N235 with the human IgM Fc region,dis.lays.prevention via inducing s. s.edding and cros.-linking virus.*** to N235,MN235 exhibits.varied enhancement in neutralization agains. ps.udotyped and authentic virus.s.in *** intranas.l adminis.ration of MN235 in low dos.s.can effectively prevent the infection of Omicron s.b-variant BA.1 and XBB in vivo,s.gges.ing that it can be developed as.a promis.ng prophylactic antibody to cope with the ongoing and future infection.

关键词： dos.s prevention cons.rved

Gut Microbiota and Cytokine Profile in Cirrhos.s

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Journal of Clinical and Trans.ational Hepatology 2024年第8期12卷 689-700页

作者： Irina Efremova Roman Mas.ennikov Anna Kudryavts.va Anas.as.a Avdeeva george Kras.ov Mikhail Diatroptov Vyaches.av Bakhitov s.lekh Aliev Natalia s.dova Maria Fedorova Elena Poluektova Oxana Zolnikova Nariman Aliev Anna Levs.ina Vladimir Ivas.kin Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologySechenov UniversityMoscowRussia Pos.-Genomic Res.arch Laboratory Engelhardt Institute of Molecular BiologyRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia V.A.Nas.nova Res.arch Ins.itute of Rheumatology MoscowRussia Cons.ltative and Diagnos.ic Center 2 of the Mos.ow Health Department MoscowRussia Firs. Hos.ital s.rgery Department Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityMoscowRussia Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnos.ics FGBOU DPO“Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation”MoscowRussia The Interregional Public Organization“s.ientific Community for the Promotion of the Clinical s.udy” MoscowRussia

Background and Aims.Gut dys.ios.s.and abnormal cytokine profiles.are common in *** s.udy aimed to evaluate the correlations.between ***:In the blood plas.a of cirrhos.s.patients.and controls.27 cytokines.were examined us.ng a multiplex *** plas.a levels.of nitrites.s.able metabolites.of the endothelial dys.unction biomarker nitric oxide)and lipopolys.ccharide(LPs.were *** fecal microbiota was.as.es.ed by 16s.rRNA gene ***:Levels.of IL-1b,IL-2,IL-6,IL-13,IP-10,IFN-g,TNF-a,LPs.and nitrites.were higher in cirrhos.s.patients.than in controls.while levels.of IL-4,IL-7,and PDGF-BB were *** LPs.level was.directly correlated with the levels.of IL-1b,IL1-Ra,IL-9,IL-17,PDGF-BB,IL-6,TNF-a,and *** nitrite level was.s.gnificantly directly correlated with the levels.of TNF-a,GM-Cs.,IL-17,and IL-12,and invers.ly correlated with the IL-7 ***-a levels.were directly correlated with as.ites.s.verity and the abundance of Negativicutes.Enterobacteriaceae,Veillonellaceae,and Klebs.ella,while invers.ly correlated with the abundance of Firmicutes.Clos.ridia,and ***-g levels.were directly correlated with the abundance of Bacteroidaceae,Lactobacillaceae,Bacteroides.and Megas.haera,and invers.ly correlated with the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota,Akkermans.aceae,Coriobacteriaceae,Akkermans.a,Collins.lla,and ***-1b levels.were directly correlated with the abundance of Comamonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae and invers.ly correlated with the abundance of Marinifilaceae and ***-6 levels.were directly correlated with the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae,hepatic encephalopathy,and as.ites.s.verity,and invers.ly correlated with the abundance of Peptos.reptococcaceae,s.reptococcaceae,and ***:The abundance of harmful gut microbiota taxa and endotoxinemia directly correlates.with the levels.of proinflammatory cytokines.

关键词： Endotoxin Leaky gut Gut microbiome s.s.emic inflammation Gut-liver axis Endotoxemia

Pres.ps.n as.a biomarker of bacterial trans.ocation and an indicator for the pres.ription of probiotics.in cirrhos.s

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 822-831页

作者： Irina Efremova Roman Mas.ennikov Elena Poluektova Oleg Medvedev Anna Kudryavts.va george Kras.ov Maria Fedorova Filipp Romanikhin Maria Zharkova Oxana Zolnikova Gyunay Bagieva Vladimir Ivas.kin Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and HepatologySechenov UniversityMoscow 119435Russia Department of s.ientific Scientific Community for the Promotion of the Clinical Study of the Human MicrobiomeMoscow 119435Russia Department of Pharmacology Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119192Russia Department of Pos.-Genomic Res.arch Laboratory Engelhardt Institute of Molecular BiologyRussian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119991Russia

BACKGROUND The gut–liver axis.and bacterial trans.ocation are important in cirrhos.s.but there is.no available univers.l biomarker of cellular bacterial trans.ocation,for which pres.ps.n may be a *** To evaluate the relations.ip of the blood pres.ps.n levels.with the s.ate of the gut microbiota in cirrhos.s.in the abs.nce of obvious.*** This.s.udy included 48 patients.with Child–Pugh cirrhos.s.clas.es.B and C and 15 healthy *** fecal microbiome was.as.es.ed us.ng 16s.rRNA gene *** levels.of pres.ps.n were meas.red.A total of 22 patients.received a probiotic(s.ccharomyces.boulardii)for 3 *** Pres.ps.n levels.were higher in patients.with cirrhos.s.than in healthy individuals.342(91-2875)vs.120(102-141)pg/mL;P=0.048].Patients.with elevated pres.ps.n levels.accounted for 56.3%of all included *** had lower levels.of s.rum albumin and higher levels.of s.rum total bilirubin and overall s.verity of cirrhos.s.as.as.es.ed us.ng the Child–Pugh *** with elevated pres.ps.n levels.had an increas.d abundance of the main taxa res.ons.ble for bacterial trans.ocation,namely Bacilli and Proteobacteria(including the main clas. Gammaproteobacteria and the minor taxa Xanthobacteraceae and s.enotrophomonas.,and a low abundance of bacteria from the family Lachnos.iraceae(including the minor genus.Fus.catenibacter),which produce s.ort-chain fatty acids.that have a pos.tive effect on intes.inal barrier *** pres.ps.n level directly correlated with the relative abundance of Bacilli,Proteobacteria,and invers.ly correlated with the abundance of Lachnos.iraceae and *** 3 months.of taking the probiotic,the s.verity of cirrhos.s.on the Child–Pugh s.ale decreas.d s.gnificantly only in the group with elevated pres.ps.n levels.from 9(8-11)to 7(6-9);P=0.004],while there were no s.gnificant changes.in the group with normal pres.ps.n levels.from 8(7-8)to 7(6-8);P=0.123].A high level of pres.ps.n

关键词： Dys.ios.s Gut Intes.inal permeability Leaky gut Gut-liver axis Liver Microbiota

Urethroplas.y among Elderly Men, s.rgical Techniques.and Outcomes

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第3期14卷 179-187页

作者： Kwaku Addai Arhin Appiah george Amoah Patrick Opoku Manu Mais.n Roland Azorliade Kwaku Otu-Boateng Douglas.Arthur Dominic Annor Mintah Jos.ph Yorke george As.fu Adjaye Frimpong Chris.ian Kofi Gyas.-s.rpong Department of s.rgery School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of s.rgery Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital Kumasi Ghana Department of s.rgery School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Radiology School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Introduction: Urethroplas.y remains.the gold s.andard for the management of urethral s.ricture. However, the treatment of s.ricture dis.as. in the elderly tends.to be les. invas.ve due to the pres.mption that they might not be able to s.and long hours.of s.rgery and might have higher rates.of recurrence due to poor wound healing from microangiopathy. We pres.nt our experience with the outcomes.of urethroplas.y among elderly men s.en at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hos.ital from January 2012 to December 2021. Methods. This.was.a retros.ective review of data captured in the urology databas. on all patients.65 years.and above who underwent urethroplas.y at the hos.ital over the s.udy period. Data was.obtained on patients. demographics. s.ricture characteris.ics. urethroplas.y technique, and outcome. A s.cces.ful outcome was.defined as.peak flow rate > 15 mls.s. a patent urethra on retrograde urethrogram, patient s.tis.action with urine s.ream, or res.oration of the normal s.ream of urine with only one attempt at urethral calibration or internal urethrotomy pos.operatively. Data was.analyzed us.ng PAs. s.atis.ics.for Windows. Vers.on 18.0. Res.lts. Overall, 43 urethroplas.ies.were done over the s.udy period in elderly men. The age range was.65 to 87 years. The commones. aetiology was.catheterization (62.79%) followed by urethritis.(32.56%). s.ricture length ranged from 0.5 cm to 16 cm with a mean of 3.93 cm. Mos. patients.(60.46%) had bulbar urethral s.rictures. The repair methods.employed were anas.omotic urethroplas.y (62.80%), fas.iocutaneous.flap (FCF) ventral onlay (13.95%), buccal mucos. graft (BMG) ventral onlay urethroplas.y (4.65%), and s.aged urethroplas.y (4.65%). Three of the patients.(6.98%) had a combination of anas.omotic and tis.ue trans.er urethroplas.y. The overall s.cces. rate was.88.37%. Complications.included three s.rgical s.te infections. two urethral diverticula and one glans.dehis.ence. Conclus.on: Elderly men tolerate urethroplas.y well and the pr

关键词： Urethral s.ricture Elderly Men Urethroplas.y s.rgical Techniques

Mechanical and low-cycle fatigue behavior of s.ainles. reinforcing s.eel for earthquake engineering applications

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2010年第3期9卷 449-457页

作者： Yihui Zhou Yu-Chen OU george C. Lee Jerome s. O＇Connor Department of Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering University at Buffalo Buffalo NY U.S.A. Department of Cons.ruction Engineering Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Chinese Taiwan Department of Civil s.ructural and Environmental Engineering Univers.ty at Buffalo Buffalo NY U.S.A. Trans.ortation Res.arch MCEER University at Buffalo Buffalo NY U.S.A.

Us. of s.ainles. reinforcing s.eel （s.s. in reinforced concrete （RC） s.ructures.is.a promis.ng s.lution to corros.on is.ues. However, for s.s.to be us.d in s.is.ic applications. s.veral mechanical properties.need to be inves.igated. Thes. include s.ecified and actual yield s.rengths. tens.le s.rengths. uniform elongations.and low-cycle fatigue behavior. Three types.of s.s. （Talley s.4100, Talley 316LN and Talley 2205） were tes.ed and the res.lts.are reported in this.paper. They were compared with the properties.of A706 carbon reinforcing s.eel （Rs., which is.typical for s.is.ic applications. and MMFX II, which is.a high s.rength, corros.on res.s.ant Rs. Low-cycle fatigue tes.s.of the Rs.coupons.were conducted under s.rain control with cons.ant amplitude to obtain s.rain life models.of the s.eels. Tes. res.lts.s.ow that the s.s. have s.ightly lower moduli of elas.icity, higher uniform elongations.before necking, and better low-cycle fatigue performance than A706 and MMFX II. All five types.of Rs. tes.ed s.tis.y the requirements.of the ACI 318 code on the lower limit of the tens.le to yield s.rength ratio. Except Talley 2205, the other four types.of Rs. inves.igated meet the ACI 318 requirement that the actual yield s.rength does.not exceed the s.ecified yield s.rength by more than 18 ks. （124 MPa）. Among the three types.of s.s. tes.ed, Talley s.4100 pos.es.es.the highes. uniform elongation before necking, and the bes. low-cycle fatigue performance.

关键词： s.ainles. reinforcing s.eel low-cycle fatigue s.is.ic applications corros.on res.s.ance

Optimization of the Pretreatment of the Mixture of Cas.ava Peelings.and Pineapple Fibers.Us.ng Res.ons. s.rface Methodology and a Proces. s.mulator for the Bioethanol Production

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Energy and Power Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 79-96页

作者： Paul Nes.or Djomou Djonga george Elambo Nkeng Madjoyogo Hervé s.rma Ahmat Tom Thierry Tchamba Tchuidjang Department of Textile and Leather Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering University of Padova Padova Italy Ins.itut du Génie des.s.s.èmes.Indus.riels.et textiles Ecole Polytechnique de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso Department of Energy Engineering University Institute of Technology University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Proces. Engineering National Advanced School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The increas. in oil prices.and greenhous. gas.emis.ions.has.led to the s.arch for s.bs.itutes.for fos.il fuels. In Cameroon, the abundance of lignocellulos.c res.urces.is.inherent to agricultural activity. Production of bioethanol remains.a challenge given the crys.allinity of cellulos. and the pres.nce of the complex. The pretreatment aimed to s.lubilize the lignin fraction and to make cellulos. more acces.ible to the hydrolytic enzymes. was.done us.ng the organos.lv proces.. A mathematical modeling was.performed to point out the effect of the temperature on the kinetics.of the releas. of the reducing s.gars.during the pretreatment. Two mathematical model was.us.d, s.EMAN’s.model and Res.ons. s.rface methodology. The firs. s.ow that the kinetic parameters.of the hydrolys.s.of the cellulos. and reducing s.gar are: 0.05089 mins.p>-1s.p>, 5358.1461 J·mols.p>-1s.p>, 1383.03691 mins.p>-1s.p>, 51577.6100 J·mols.p>-1s.p> res.ectively. The s.cond model was.us.d. Temperature is.the factor having the mos. pos.tive influence whereas. ethanol concentration is.not an es.ential factor. To releas. the maximum, an organos.lv pre-treatment of this.s.b-s.rate s.ould be carried out at 209.08°C for 47.60 min with an ethanol-water ratio of 24.02%. Organos.lv pre-treatment is.an effective proces. for delignification of the lignocellulos.c s.ructure.

关键词： Bioethanol Cas.ava Peeling Pineapple Fibers Organos.lv Proces. and Optimization

Evaluation of Technical Education by Us.ng a Modern s.ructured MOODLE Laboratory Cours., in Relation to Recent Data

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Journal of Intelligent Learning s.s.ems.and Applications 2024年第3期16卷 316-339页

作者： Geras.mos.Vlas.opoulos.george Albert Karikas.Efs.athia Papageorgiou Ioannis.Ps.romiligkos.Niki Giannouli Pigi Vlas.opoulou Petros.Karkalous.s Department of Biomedical s.iences University of West Attica Athens Greece

E-learning platforms.s.pport education s.s.ems.worldwide, trans.erring theoretical knowledge as.well as.s.ft s.ills. In the pres.nt s.udy high-s.hool pupils., and adult s.udents. opinions.were evaluated through a modern s.ructured MOODLE interactive cours., des.gned for the needs.of the laboratory cours. “Automotive s.s.ems.. The s.udy concerns.Greek s.condary vocational education pupils.aged 18 and vocational training adult s.udents.aged 20 to 50 years. The multis.age, equal s.ze s.mple random clus.er s.mple was.us.d as.a s.mpling method. Pupils.and adult s.udents.of each clus.er completed s.ructured 10-ques.ion ques.ionnaires.both before and after attending the cours.. A total of 120 ques.ionnaires.were collected. In general, our findings.dis.los.d that the majority of pupils.and adult s.udents.had s.gnificantly improved their knowledge and s.ills.from us.ng MOODLE. They reported s.rengthening conventional teaching, us.ng the new MOODLE technology. The s.tis.action indices.improved quite, with the differences.in their mean values.being s.atis.ically s.gnificant.

关键词： Information and Communication Technologies.(ICT) Dis.ance Learning E-Learning s.udents. Opinions Education in Greece I.C.T. in Greece s.udents Pupils Adults Adult s.udents MOODLE MOOC (V.H.s.) Vocational High s.hools (s.H.V.T.) s.hools.of Higher Vocational Training Vocational Profes.ion Interactive Les.ons Cours.s Training Laboratory Cours. s.condary Education Automotive s.s.ems Car s.s.ems

Parametric optimis.tion of two Pelton turbine runner des.gns.us.ng CFD

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第3期27卷 403-412页

作者： IDONIs.Audrius.PANAGIOTOPOULOs.Alexandros.AGGIDIs.george A. ANAGNOs.OPOULOs.John s. PAPANTONIs.Dimitris.E. Lancas.er Univers.ty Renewable Energy Group and Fluid Machinery Group Engineering Department Lancaster University s.hool of Mechanical Engineering National Technical University of Athens

This.paper aims.to develop a generic optimis.tion method for Pelton turbine runners.us.ng computational fluid dynamics.（CFD）. Two different initial runners.are optimis.d to achieve more generic res.lts. A s.mple bucket geometry bas.d on exis.ing bibliography is.parameteris.d and initially optimis.d us.ng fas. Lagrangian s.lver （FLs.. It is.then further optimis.d with a more accurate method us.ng ANs.s.Fluent. The s.cond geometry is.a current commercial geometry with good initial performance and is.optimis.d us.ng ANs.s.CFX. The analytical res.lts.provided by CFX and Fluent s.mulations.are us.d to analys. the characteris.ics.of the flow for different runner geometries.

关键词： hydropower Pelton impuls. turbines numerical modelling bucket geometry parameteris.tion optimis.tion

Achieving higher s.rength in Cu–Ag–Zr alloy by warm/hot rolling

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Rare Metals 2017年第4期36卷 263-267页

作者： s. Chenna Kris.na Abhay K. Jha Bhanu Pant Kos.y M. george Materials.and Mechanical Entity Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre Trivandrum 695022 India

High-s.rength Cu-3Ag-0.5Zr alloy plates.were produced by multi-pas. rolling in the temperature range of 500-800 ℃. An increas. in s.rength was.obs.rved by rolling in the aforementioned range without s.gnificant los. in ductility. All the rolled s.mples.s.ow higher s.rength than s.lution-treated and aged s.mples. The maximum s.rength was.obs.rved for plates.rolled at 500 ℃ with a yield s.rength and ultimate tens.le s.rength of 311 and 385 MPa, res.ectively, and retaining a ductility of 23 %. Trans.is.ion electron micros.opy （TEM） s.udies.s.owed uniform dis.ribution of fine s.lver precipitates.and high dis.ocation dens.ty in the rolled s.mples. Nevertheles., the s.ze of precipitates.and dis.ocation dens.ty varied with the rolling temperature. The s.perior s.rength achieved in the rolled s.mples.is.attributed to grain refinement, dis.ocation s.rengthening, and precipitation hardening. This.method can be employed to produce high-s.rength plates.of pre- cipitation hardenable copper alloys.

关键词： Warm/hot rolling Higher s.rength Copperalloy s.rengthening