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Interleukin-6: a villain in the drama of pancreatic cancer development and progression

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第4期13卷 371-380页

作者： Reinhild Holmer Freya A Goumas georg H Waetzig Stefan Rose-John Holger Kalthoff Division of Molecular Oncology Institute for Experimental Cancer Research CCC-NorthUniversity Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Germany Clinic for General Surgery Visceral Thoracic Transplantation Pediatric Surgery University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Germany CONARIS Research Institute AG Kiel Germany Institute of Biochemistry Christian-Albrechts-University KielGermany Division of Molecular Oncology Institute for Experimental Cancer Research CCC-North University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Germany

BACKGROUND： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma（PDAC）is a devastating malignancy with a poor prognosis and little treatment options. The development and progression of the disease is fostered by inflammatory cells and cytokines. One of these cytokines is interleukin-6（IL-6）, which plays an important role in a wide range of biologic *** SOURCES： A systematic search of PubMed was performed to identify relevant studies using key words such as interleukin-6,inflammatory cytokines, inflammation and pancreatic cancer or PDAC. Articles related to IL-6 and pancreatic cancer were systematically ***： IL-6 is elevated in the serum of pancreatic cancer patients and correlates with cachexia, advanced tumor stage and poor survival. Its expression is enhanced by hypoxia and proteins involved in pancreatic cancer development like Kras,mesothelin or ZIP4. IL-6 in turn contributes to the generation of a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment and is probably involved in angiogenesis and metastasis. In experimental mouse models of PDAC, IL-6 was important for the development and progression of precursor ***： IL-6 emerges as a key player in pancreatic cancer development and progression, and hence should be considered as a new therapeutic target.

关键词： IL-6 signaling IL-6 trans-signaling targeted therapy tumor microenvironment tumor stroma pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma sgp130Fc

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基于子网络强制进化的大规模换热网络优化

化工学报 2009年第9期60卷 2265-2270页

作者：蔡康关欣罗行 georg Fieg 上海理工大学热工程研究所上海200093 汉堡工业大学过程工程研究所德国汉堡21071

The optimization of heat exchanger networks(HEN)is a typical MINLP *** large-scale HEN,when the number of process streams increases,its feasible configurations could increase *** now,no effective methods are available to solve such problems.A new strategy based on the optimization of the sub-networks of HEN was *** to the first optimization,the sub-networks underwent recombination,decomposition and transplantation operations were further optimized with the hybrid genetic *** of the sub-networks instead of the optimization of the whole HEN was simple and fast.A large-scale HEN with 22 hot and 17 cold streams from literature was calculated with this new method and a better result was *** the exchanger area increased a little,the number of heat exchanger units was less,also utility and total annual cost decreased.

关键词：换热网络优化子网络 MINLP 大规模

Resolving the Activation Site of PositiveRegulators in Plant PhosphoenolpyruvateCarboxylase

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Molecular Plant 2014年第2期7卷 437-440页

作者： Daniel Schlieper Kerstin F?rster Judith K. Paulus georg Groth Institute of Biochemical Plant Physiology Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf 40204 Düsseldorf Germany

Dear Editor, Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase （PEPC; EC 4.***.1.31） islocated at an important branch point in the carbohydratemetabolism of plants. The enzyme is a homotetramer andcatalyzes the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyru-vate （PEP） to form oxaloacetate and phosphate. PEPC isregulated by metabolites and phosphorylation. AIIostericfeedback inhibition is mainly regulated by L-malate andL-aspartate which bind to a site separated from the activecenter （Kai et al., 1999; Paulus et al., 2013）. Structure analy-sis of PEPC from Escherichia coli （Kai et al., 1999; Matsumuraet al., 2002）, Zea rnays （Matsumura et al., 2002）, Flaveria trin-ervia, and F. pringlei （Paulus et al., 2013） revealed that thesubstrate PEP and the feedback inhibitors bind to separatesites within each monomer.

关键词： PYRUVATE carboxylase RESEARCH CARBOHYDRATE metabolism PHOSPHORYLATION CRASSULACEAN acid metabolism PLANT regulators ENZYME activation

粒细胞集落刺激因子抗感染及抑制一氧化氮的性质<英文>

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中国药理学报 1999年第8期20卷 673-681页

作者： georg HOFFMANN Wolfgang SCHOBERSBERGER Department of Physiology I University of Bonn Nussalle 11 D-53115 Bonn Germany. Division for General & Surgical Intensive Care Medicine Clinic for Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine University of Innsbruck Anichstrasse 35 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria

A proposed scheme between the possibleinteractions of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines,NO and G-CSF during severe inflammation/infection ispresented. Taken together, these data indicate that G-CSF exhibits anti-inflammatory properties which mayprove to be beneficial in situations associated with anincreased activity of the cellular immune *** the suppressive effects of G-CSF on theproduction of pro-inflammatory mediators like "FNF-αand nitric oxide are most likely neither cell type

关键词：细胞因子类感染脓毒症一氧化氮合酶 G-CSF

Pneumothorax in a Thiel cadaver model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第2期14卷 143-147页

作者： Daniel Auinger Simon Orlob Johannes Wittig Gabriel Honnef Stefan Heschl georg Feigl Gerhard Prause Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 1 Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineMedical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 2 Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care MedicineMedical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Medical University of Graz Graz 8036Austria Research Center for Emergency Medicine Aarhus University HospitalAarhus 8200Denmark Department of Medicine Randers Regional HospitalRanders 8930Denmark Chair of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy Gottfried Schatz Research CenterMedical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Institute of Morphology and Clinical Anatomy Faculty of Health/School of MedicineWitten/Herdecke UniversityWitten 58448Germany

INTRODUCTION There has been some previous research in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using cadaver models.[1]The Thiel method was developed by Professor Walter Thiel (Graz, Austria) and described in 1992 and 2002. It consists of both an intravascular injection of the embalming solution and submersion of the bodies in a tank with the same solution for a determined period.[2,3]

关键词： Walter cardiopulmonary bal

Recent Progress in Deciphering the Biosynthesis of Aspartate-Derived Amino Acids in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 54-65页

作者： georg Jander Vijay Joshi Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research 1 Tower Road Ithaca NY 14850 USA

Plants are either directly or indirectly the source of most of the essential amino acids in animal diets. Four of these essential amino acids--methionine, threonine, isoleucine, and lysine--are all produced from aspartate via a well studied biosynthesis pathway. Given the nutritional interest in essential amino acids, the aspartate-derived amino acid pathway has been the subject of extensive research. Additionally, several pathway enzymes serve as targets for econom- ically important herbicides, and some of the downstream products are biosynthetic precursors for other essential plant metabolites such as ethylene and S-adenosylmethionine. Recent and ongoing research on the aspartate-derived family of amino acids has identified new enzyme activities, regulatory mechanisms, and in vivo metabolic functions. Together, these discoveries will open up new possibilities for plant metabolic engineering.

关键词： Metabolic regulation primary metabolism Arabidopsis.

Retinal microvascular signs and recurrent vascular events in patients with TIA or minor stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第5期8卷 379-386,I0001-I0007页

作者： Philipp Klyscz Thomas Ihl Inga Laumeier Maureen Steinicke Matthias Endres georg Michelson Heinrich J Audebert Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Center for Stroke Research Berlin Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Berlin Institute of Health BerlinGermany Excellence Cluster NeuroCure Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases partner site BerlinGermany German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site BerlinGermany Ophthalmology Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Medizinische FakultätErlangenGermany Talkingeyes&More GmbH ErlangenGermany

Background and purpose Retinal pathologies are an independent risk factor for ischaemic stroke,but research on the predictive value of retinal abnormalities for recurrent vascular events in patients with prior stroke is *** investigated the association of retinal pathologies with subsequent vascular *** In a substudy of the Intensified secondary prevention intending a reduction of recurrent events in TIA and minor stroke patients(INSPiRE-TMS)trial,we enrolled patients with recent transient ischaemic attack(TIA)or minor stroke with at least one modifiable risk *** outcome was the composite of subsequent vascular *** photographs were taken at baseline and categorised into three different fundus groups by a telemedically linked *** 722 patients participated in the current study and 109 major vascular events *** multivariable adjustments,we did not find a significant association between fundus categories and risk for subsequent vascular events(HRs for moderate vascular retinopathy and vascular retinopathy with vessel rarefaction in comparison to no vascular retinopathy 1.03(95%CI 0.64 to 1.67),p=0.905 and 1.17(95%CI 0.62 to 2.20),p=0.626).In a selective post hoc analysis in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension,patients with vascular retinopathy with vessel rarefaction had a higher risk for recurrent stroke(HR 24.14(95%CI 2.74 to 212.50),p=0.004).Conclusions Retinal changes did not predict major subsequent vascular events in patients with recent TIA or minor *** studies are needed to examine the utility of fundus photography in assessing the risk of stroke recurrence in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension.

关键词： patients Retinal prevention

Latin America and the West:Constructions and Deconstructions of the Concept

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2022年第2期6卷 56-73页

作者： Ana Regina Falkembach Simão Roberto Rodolfo georg Uebel Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing

The construction of the concept of Latin America has been through different processes regarding its structure and acceptance,from the colonial period to the automatic realignment to the United States,with rare exceptions,and a reorganization with the emergence of multilateralism and the multipolar *** abstraction,hitherto almost an axiom in the subcontinent,that it is a western region,leads us to the elaboration of this article,which seeks to present Latin America's post-western and de-westernized character in an environment of restructuration of its political economy,its actors,scenarios and,finally,***,we present here a review of the state of the art political economy of Latin America and its perspectives in this shifting world,especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： Latin America Western Post-Western De-Westernization Political Economy

Big Earth data:disruptive changes in Earth observation data management and analysis?

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第7期13卷 832-850页

作者： Martin Sudmanns Dirk Tiede Stefan Lang Helena Bergstedt georg Trosta Hannah Augustin Andrea Baraldi Thomas Blaschke Department of Geoinformatics-Z_GIS University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria Italian Space Agency(ASI) RomeItaly

Turning Earth observation(EO)data consistently and systematically into valuable global information layers is an ongoing challenge for the EO ***,the term‘big Earth data’emerged to describe massive EO datasets that confronts analysts and their traditional workflows with a range of *** argue that the altered circumstances must be actively intercepted by an evolution of EO to revolutionise their application in various *** disruptive element is that analysts and end-users increasingly rely on Web-based *** this contribution we study selected systems and portals,put them in the context of challenges and opportunities and highlight selected shortcomings and possible future developments that we consider relevant for the imminent uptake of big Earth data.

关键词： Digital earth data access satellite data portals objectbased image analysis(OBIA) remote sensing workflow