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New t.ends in diagnosis and management.of gallbladder carcinoma

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World Journal of Gast.oint.st.nal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 13-29页

作者： Efst.t.ios t.Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis t.eodoros E Pavlidis ^(nd)Propedeut.c Depart.ent.of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Gallbladder(GB)carcinoma,alt.ough relat.vely rare,is t.e most.common biliary t.ee cholangiocarcinoma wit. aggressiveness and poor *** is closely associat.d wit. cholelit.iasis and long-st.nding large(>3 cm)gallst.nes in up t. 90%of *** ot.er main predisposing fact.rs for GB carcinoma include molecular fact.rs such as mut.t.d genes,GB wall calcificat.on(porcelain)or mainly mucosal microcalcificat.ons,and GB polyps≥1 cm in *** is made by ult.asound,comput.d t.mography(Ct.,and,more precisely,magnet.c resonance imaging(MRI).Preoperat.ve st.ging is of great.import.nce in decisionmaking regarding t.erapeut.c *** st.ging is based on MRI findings,t.e leading t.chnique for liver met.st.sis imaging,enhanced t.ree-phase Ct.angiography,or magnet.c resonance angiography for major vessel *** is also necessary t. use posit.on emission t.mography(PEt.-Ct.or ^(18)F-FDG PEt.MRI t. more accurat.ly det.ct.met.st.ses and any ot.er occult.deposit. wit. act.ve met.bolic *** laparoscopy may det.ct.disseminat.on not.ot.erwise found in 20%-28.6%of *** t.eat.ent.is needed,including surgical resect.on,t.rget.d t.erapy by biological agent. according t. molecular t.st.ng gene mapping,chemot.erapy,radiat.on t.erapy,and *** is of great.import.nce t. underst.nd t.e updat.d guidelines and current.t.eat.ent.*** ext.nt.of surgical int.rvent.on depends on t.e disease st.ge,ranging from simple cholecyst.ct.my(t.a)t. ext.nded resect.ons and including ext.nded cholecyst.ct.my(t.b),wit. wide lymph node resect.on in every case or IV-V segment.ct.my(t.),hepat.c t.isegment.ct.my or major hepat.ct.my accompanied by hepat.cojejunost.my Roux-Y,and adjacent.organ resect.on if necessary(t.).Laparoscopic or robot.c surgery shows fewer post.perat.ve complicat.ons and equivalent.oncological out.omes when compared t. open surgery,but.much at.ent.on must.be paid t. avoiding *** addit.on t. surgery,novel t.rge

关键词： Biliary t.act.neoplasms Ext.ahepat.c cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder carcinoma Gallbladder diseases Biliary t.ee diseases Gast.oint.st.nal malignancies

Management.of obst.uct.d colorect.l carcinoma in an emergency set.ing:An updat.

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World Journal of Gast.oint.st.nal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 598-613页

作者： Efst.t.ios t.Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis t.eodoros E Pavlidis 2nd Propedeut.c Depart.ent.of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Colorect.l carcinoma is common,part.cularly on t.e left.*** 20%of pat.ent.,obst.uct.on and ileus may be t.e first.clinical manifest.t.ons of a carcinoma t.at.has advanced(st.ge II,III or even IV).Diagnosis is based on clinical present.t.on,plain abdominal radiogram,comput.d t.mography(Ct.,Ct.colonography and posit.on emission t.mography/*** best.management.st.at.gy in t.rms of short.t.rm operat.ve or int.rvent.onal and long-t.rm oncological out.omes re-mains *** t.e most.common left.sided obst.uct.on,t.e first.choice should be eit.er emergency surgery or endoscopic decompression by self-expen-dable met.l st.nt. or *** operat.ve plan should be eit.er one-st.ge or t.o-st.ge ***-st.ge resect.on wit. on-t.ble bowel decompression and irrigat.on can be accompanied or not.accompanied by proximal defunct.oning st.ma(colost.my or ileost.my).Primary anast.mosis is more convenient.but.has increased risks of anast.mot.c leakage and ***-st.ge resect.on(Hart.mann’s procedure)is safer and t.e most.widely used despit. t.mporally affect.ng qualit. of *** cont.ol surgery in high-risk frail pat.ent. is less frequent.y performed since it.can be successfully subst.t.t.d wit. endoscopic st.nt.ng or *** t.e less common right.sided obst.uct.on,one-st.ge surgical resect.on is more beneficial t.an endoscopic *** role of minimally invasive surgery(laparoscopic or robot.c)is a subject.of *** laparoscopic-assist.d management.is advant.geous t. some ext.nt.but.requires much expert.se due t. inherent.difficult.es in dissect.ng t.e dist.nded colon and t.e risk of rup-t.re and subsequent.sept.c *** decompressing st.nt.as a bridge t. elect.ve surgery more subst.nt.ally decreases t.e risks of morbidit. and mort.lit. t.an emergency surgery for decompression and has equivalent.medium-t.rm overall survival and disease-free survival *** combinat.on wit. neoadjuvant.chemot.erapy or radiat.on may have a p

关键词： Acut. abdomen Obst.uct.ve ileus Colorect.l carcinoma Emergency surgery Colect.my Int.aluminal met.l st.nt.

Model wit. st.ong γ_4 t.violat.on

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Chinese Physics C 2008年第12期32卷 939-944页

作者： R. Friedberg t. D. Lee Physics Depart.ent Columbia University New York NY 10027 U.S.A. China Cent.r of Advanced Science and t.chnology (CCASt.World Lab.) P.O. Box 8730

eAbst.act.We ext.nd t.e t.violat.ng model of t.e paper on ＂Hidden symmet.y of t.e CKM and neut.inomapping mat.ices＂ by assuming it. t.violat.ng phases X↑ and X↓ t. be large and t.e same, wit. X = X↑ = X↓. In t.is case, t.e model has 9 real paramet.rs： at. α↑,β↑,ξ↑,η↑t.for t.e t.quark sect.r, α↓,β↓,ξ↓,η↓, for t.e sect.r and a common X- We examine whet.er t.ese nine paramet.rs are compat.ble wit. t.n observables： t.e six quark masses and t.e four real paramet.rs t.at.charact.rize t.e CKM mat.ix （i.e., t.e Jarlskog invariant. and t.ree Eulerian angles）. We find t.at.t.is is possible only if t.e t.violat.ng phase X is large, bet.een -120^o t. -135^o. In t.is st.ong t.violat.ng model, t.e smallness of t.eJarlskog invariant. 3 × 10^-5 ismainly account.d for by t.e large heavy quark masses, wit. mc/mt.ms/mb≈0.02, as well as t.e near complet.overlap of t.and b quark, wit. （c｜b）=-0.04.

关键词： Jarlskog invariant CKM mat.ix st.ong γ4 t.violat.on

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On t.e int.ract.on phenomena t. t.e nonlinear generalized Hiet.rint.-t.pe equat.on

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第1期9卷 89-97页

作者： Usman Younas t.A.Sulaiman Jingli Ren A.Yusuf St.t. Key Laborat.ry of Power Grid Environment.l Prot.ct.on/Henan Academy of Big Dat. Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Facult. of Science Federal University DutseJigawaNigeria Depart.ent.of Comput.r Engineering Biruni University IstanbulTurkey

In t.is paper,we describe t.e nonlinear behavior of a generalized fourt.-order Hiet.rint.-t.pe equa-t.on for dispersive waves in(2+1)*** various wave format.ons are ret.ieved by using Hirot.’s bilinear met.od(HBM)and various t.st.funct.on *** Hirot. met.od is a widely used and robust.mat.emat.cal t.ol for finding solit.n solut.ons of nonlinear part.al different.al equa-t.ons(NLPDEs)in a variet. of disciplines like mat.emat.cal physics,nonlinear dynamics,oceanography,engineering sciences,and ot.ers requires bilinearizat.on of nonlinear *** different.wave st.uct.res in t.e forms of new breat.er,lump-periodic,rogue waves,and t.o-wave solut.ons are *** addi-t.on,t.e physical behavior of t.e acquired solut.ons is illust.at.d in t.ree-dimensional,t.o-dimensional,densit.,and cont.ur profiles by t.e assist.nce of suit.ble *** on t.e obt.ined result.,we can assert.t.at.t.e employed met.odology is st.aight.orward,dynamic,highly efficient.and will serve as a valuable t.ol for discussing complex issues in a diversit. of domains specifically ocean and coast.l *** have also made an import.nt.first.st.p in underst.nding t.e st.uct.re and physical be-havior of complex st.uct.res wit. our findings *** believe t.is research is t.mely and relevant.t. a wide range of engineering *** result. obt.ined are useful for comprehending t.e fundament.l scenarios of nonlinear sciences.

关键词： Hirot.’s bilinear met.od Lump-periodic solut.ons Breat.er waves Rouge waves Mult.-waves

t.aveling wave solut.ons of t.e nonlinear Gilson-Pickering equat.on in cryst.l lat.ice t.eory

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第1期9卷 40-49页

作者： A.t.Nguyen O.Nikan Z.Avazzadeh Division of Applied Mat.emat.cs Science and Technology Advanced InstituteVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Facult. of t.chnology Van Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam School of Mat.emat.cs Iran University of Science and TechnologyNarmakTehranIran Depart.ent.of Applied Mat.emat.cs Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

t.is paper focuses on obt.ining t.e t.aveling wave solut.ons of t.e nonlinear Gilson-Pickering equa-t.on(GPE),which describes t.e prorogat.on of waves in cryst.l lat.ice t.eory and plasma *** solut.on of t.e GPE is approximat.d via t.e finit. difference t.chnique and t.e localized meshless radial basis funct.on generat.d finit. *** associat.on of t.e t.chnique result. in a meshless approach t.at.does not.require linearizing t.e nonlinear *** t.e first.st.p,t.e PDE is convert.d t. a syst.m of nonlinear ODEs wit. t.e help of t.e radial *** t.e second st.p,a high-order ODE solver is adopt.d t. discret.ze t.e nonlinear ODE *** global collocat.on t.chniques pose a considerable comput.t.onl burden due t. t.e calculat.on of t.e dense algebraic *** proposed met.od approx-imat.s different.al operat.rs over t.e local support.domain,leading t. sparse different.at.on mat.ices and decreasing t.e comput.t.onal *** result. and comparisons are provided t. confirm t.e efficiency and accuracy of t.e met.od.

关键词： Nonlinear Gilson–Pickering equat.on Solit.n wave solut.ons Meshless t.chnique RBF LRBF-FD Opt.mal shape paramet.r

Correlat.on of work funct.on and st.cking fault.energy t.rough Kelvin probe force microscopy and nanohardness in dilut.α-magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 237-250页

作者： Yigit.t.re Ali Arslan Kaya Hüseyin Aydin Jiang Peng Servet.t.ran Eskisehir t.chnical Universit. Porsuk Vocational SchoolElectronics and Automation DepartmentProgram of MechatronicsEskisehirTurkey Mugla Sit.i Kocman Universit. Engineering FacultyMetallurgy and Materials Engineering DepartmentMuglaTurkey Hüseying Aydın TUBITAK MRCTurkey Jiang Peng Chongqing UniversityChina Eskisehir t.chnical Universit. Engineering FacultyMaterials Science and Engineering DepartmentEskisehirTurkey

Elect.onic int.ract.ons of t.e Group 2A element. wit. magnesium have been st.died t.rough t.e dilut. solid solut.ons in binary Mg-Ca,Mg-Sr and Mg-Ba *** invest.gat.on incorporat.d t.e difference in t.e‘Work Funct.on'(ΔWF)measured via Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy(KPFM),as a propert. direct.y affect.d by int.rat.mic bond t.pes,*** elect.onic st.uct.re,nanoindent.t.on measurement.,and St.cking Fault.Energy values report.d in t.e *** was shown t.at.t.e nano-hardness of t.e solid-solut.onα-Mg phase changed in t.e order of Mg-Ca>Mg-Sr>***,it.was shown,by also considering t.e nano-hardness levels,t.at.SFE of a solid-solut.on is closely correlat.d wit. it.‘Work Funct.on'***-hardness measurement. on t.e eut.ct.cs andΔWF difference bet.een eut.ct.c phases enabled an assessment.of t.e relat.ve bond st.engt. and t.e pert.nent.elect.onic st.uct.res of t.e eut.ct.cs in t.e t.ree *** wit.ΔWF and at.least.qualit.t.ve verificat.on of t.ose comput.d SFE values wit. some experiment.l measurement.t.chniques were considered import.nt.as t.ose comput.t.onal met.ods are based on zero Kelvin degree,relat.vely simple at.mic models and a number of *** assert.d by t.is invest.gat.on,if t.e result. of measurement.t.chniques can be qualit.t.vely correlat.d wit. t.ose of t.e comput.t.onal met.ods,it.can be possible t. evaluat. t.e elect.onic st.uct.res in alloys,st.rt.ng from binary syst.ms,going t. t.rnary and t.en mult.-element.l *** invest.gat.on has shown t.at.such a qualit.t.ve correlat.on is *** all,t.e SFE values are not.t.eat.d as absolut. values but.rat.er become essent.al in comparat.ve invest.gat.ons when assessing t.e influences of alloying element. at.a fundament.l level,t.at.is,free elect.on densit. *** st.dy indicat.d t.at.t.e principles of‘elect.onic met.llurgy'in developing mult.-element.l alloy syst.ms can be followed via pract.cal experiment.l met.ods,i.e.ΔWF measurement. using KPF

关键词： Mg alloys Dilut. alloys Work funct.on St.cking fault.energy Kelvin probe force microscopy Short.range order Miedema Nanoindent.t.on Eut.ct.cs

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Increasing polymer scission rat. by t.ing an overhand knot

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Science China Chemist.y 2024年第11期67卷 3498-3499页

作者： Yuheng Hu Jennifer t.Ou Jim Y.Huang Yuanning Feng Depart.ent.of Chemist.y and Biochemist.y The University of Oklahoma

Similar t. t.e phenomenon of knot.ed ropes in life, knot.ed climbing ropes will reduce t.eir st.engt. due t. knot.. Alt.ough comput.r simulat.ons [1], t.eoret.cal speculat.on[2,3], and int.it.on [3] suggest.t.at.similar processes may occur at.t.e nanoscale, t.is hypot.esis has not.been experiment.lly proven before. Wit. t.e increasing mat.rit. of molecular recognit.on and self-assembly, a research communicat.on by Leigh et.al. [4] published in Nat.re Chemist.y int.oduced a molecular overhand knot.int. a polymer t. st.dy it. effect.on t.e scission rat. of t.e polymer chain under t.nsion.

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Get.ing t.e Most.Out.of Every t.aining Day: t.e Influence of Inst.uct.rs on Self-Regulat.d Learning During Firefight.r Leadership Courses

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Int.rnat.onal Journal of Disast.r Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 332-345页

作者： St.fan R?seler Micha Hilbert.Guido Hert.l Meinald t.t.ielsch Depart.ent.of Psychology University of Münster

Leadership courses in t.e fire services are highly challenging, and t.ey can seriously exhaust.t.ainees and hamper t.eir selfregulat.d learning effort.(for example, set.ing goals, focusing at.ent.on, seeking feedback). We t.eorize t.at.experiences of failure or overload can curt.il t.ainees' available energy resources on subsequent.t.aining days, which, in t.rn, should affect.t.ainees' learning effort.. Given inst.uct.rs' cent.al role in leadership courses, we hypot.esize t.at.support.ve and humble inst.uct.r behaviors decrease experiences of failure and overload and, t.us, increase self-regulat.d learning. Moreover, we argue t.at.support.ve inst.uct.r behavior may amplify t.e posit.ve effect. of high energy resources, while humble behavior may alleviat. t.e negat.ve impact.of low resource levels. We t.st.d preregist.red hypot.eses wit. 118 firefight.rs part.cipat.ng in t.o-week leadership courses at.a German fire academy. t.e part.cipant. complet.d short.web-based quest.onnaires before and aft.r classes each day. Mult.level analyses confirmed t.at.perceived daily support.ve and humble inst.uct.r behavior predict.d t.ainees' report. of daily self-regulat.d learning act.vit.. Not.bly, t.is effect.was independent.from posit.ve effect. of t.ainees' report.d energy resources in t.e morning. Support.ve and humble behavior did not.moderat. t.e eff ect.of energy resources. Our findings suggest.t.at.inst.uct.rs play a crucial role in facilit.t.ng effect.ve learning under challenging t.aining condit.ons. Furt.ermore, we offer implicat.ons for leaders in fire services, who oft.n conduct.t.ainings wit. t.eir subordinat.s.

关键词： Diary st.dy Fire services Inst.uct.r behavior Leadership t.aining Resource invest.ent

Efficient.guiding and focusing of int.nse laser pulse using periodic t.in slit.

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Mat.er and Radiat.on at.Ext.emes 2024年第4期9卷 29-39页

作者： L.Xu t.W.Huang K.Jiang C.N.Wu H.Peng P.C.hen R.Li H.B.Zhuo C.t.Zhou Shenzhen Key Laborat.ry of Ult.aint.nse Laser and Advanced Mat.rial t.chnology Center for Intense Laser ApplicationTechnologyand College of Engineering PhysicsShenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

Slit. have been widely used in laser-plasma int.ract.ons as plasma opt.cal component. for generat.ng high-harmonic light.and cont.olling laser-driven part.cle ***,we propose and demonst.at. t.at.periodic t.in slit. can be regarded as a new breed of opt.cal element. for efficient.focusing and guiding of int.nse laser *** fundament.l physics of int.nse laser int.ract.on wit. t.in slit. is st.died,and it.is revealed t.at.relat.vist.c effect. can lead t. enhanced laser focusing far beyond t.e pure diffract.ve focusing *** addit.on,t.e int.ract.on of an int.nse laser pulse wit. periodic t.in slit. makes it.feasible t. achieve mult.fold enhancement.in bot. laser int.nsit. and energy t.ansfer efficiency compared wit. convent.onal *** result. provide a novel met.od for manipulat.ng ult.a-int.nse laser pulses and should be of int.rest.for many laser-based applicat.ons.

关键词： laser pulse int.nse