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混合博弈问题的求解与应用综述

软件学报 2025年第1期36卷 107-151页

作者：董绍康李超杨光葛振兴曹宏业陈武兵杨尚东陈兴国李文斌高阳计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室(南京大学) 南京邮电大学计算机学院软件学院网络空间安全学院

近年来,随着人工智能技术在序贯决策和博弈对抗等问题的应用方面取得了飞速发展,围棋、游戏、德扑和麻将等领域取得了巨大的进步,例如, AlphaGo、OpenAI Five、AlphaStar、DeepStack、libratus、Pluribus和Suphx等系统都在这些领域中达... 详细信息

近年来,随着人工智能技术在序贯决策和博弈对抗等问题的应用方面取得了飞速发展,围棋、游戏、德扑和麻将等领域取得了巨大的进步,例如, AlphaGo、OpenAI Five、AlphaStar、DeepStack、libratus、Pluribus和Suphx等系统都在这些领域中达到或超过人类专家水平.这些应用集中在双人、两队或者多人的零和博弈问题中,而对于混合博弈问题的研究缺乏实质性的进展与突破.区别于零和博弈,混合博弈需要综合考虑个体收益、集体收益和均衡收益等诸多目标,被广泛应用于公共资源分配、任务调度和自动驾驶等现实场景.因此,对于混合博弈问题的研究至关重要.通过梳理当前混合博弈领域中的重要概念和相关工作,深入分析国内外研究现状和未来发展方向.具体地,首先介绍混合博弈问题的定义与分类;其次详细阐述博弈解概念和求解目标,包含纳什均衡、相关均衡、帕累托最优等解概念,最大化个体收益、最大化集体收益以及兼顾公平等求解目标;接下来根据不同的求解目标,分别对博弈论方法、强化学习方法以及这两种方法的结合进行详细探讨和分析;最后介绍相关的应用场景和实验仿真环境,并对未来研究的方向进行总结与展望.

关键词：混合博弈博弈论强化学习

Rosiglitazone uppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity in rat aortic endothelial cells via rasMEK1/2 signaling

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岭南心血管病杂志 2011年第S1期17卷 193-193页

作者： WU Xiang-hong,li Lang,MA Guo-tian,BI Qi,WEN wei-ming, XU ge,li xing-san (Department of Cardiology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China)

ix metalloproteinase(MMPs) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disease,such as *** MMPs,MMP-2 is regarded as a major proteinase in atherosclerotic plaque *** proliferator activated receptor-gamma(PPARg) ameliorates oxidative stress and the inflammatory *** aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Rosiglitazone on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced MMP-2 activation as well as its possible ***-induced MMP-2 activity was inhibited by Rosiglitazone(PPARg agonist) in the rat aortic endothelial cells(RAEC).LPS-induced MMP-2 activation was diminished no matter exposure to NF-kB Activation Inhibitor II(JSH-23)or Ras inhibitor,farnesylthiosalicylic acid(FTS). Further study shows that LPS-induced activation of Phospho-Rho A and Phospho-MEKl/2 were significantly inhibited by *** activation of NF-kB p65 in the nuclear extract of cells was also significantly suppressed by Rosiglitazone, moreover,the expression of NF-κB p65 was partly activated by GW9662(PPARg antagonist).NF-kB DNA binding activity was also demolished by *** summary,our data showed that PPARg agonist,Rosiglitazone suppresses LPS-activated MMP-2 secretion via Ras-MEK1/2 signaling pathways and NF-kB *** agonist and Ras-MEK1/2 pathway may be another potential therapeutic target for the disease induced by chronic inflammation.

关键词： MMPs MEK Rosiglitazone uppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity in rat aortic endothelial cells via rasMEK1/2 signaling

Distributed optimal consensus control for multiagent systems based on event-triggered and prioritized experience replay strategies

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期 306-321页

作者： Cuijuan ZHANG lianghao JI Shasha YANG xing GUO Huaqing li Chongqing Key Laboratory of Image Cognition Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Computing of Anhui Province Anqing Normal University College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest University

This study uses event-triggered(ET) and reinforcement learning methods to investigate the optimal consensus control problem for cooperative-competitive multiagent systems. It proposes a novel distributed ET control strategy, which relies on a prioritized experience replay(PER) policy. This strategy not only conserves communication resources but also ensures acceptable system performance. To implement the proposed method, actor-critic(AC) dual-structured neural networks(NNs) are used to approximate the value function and control policy. In the AC NNs, the weight estimates for the NNs are updated at the moment of event triggering, resulting in a nonperiodic weight adjustment pattern. This approach decreases the computational cost in comparison with the traditional ET mechanism. The PER-based ET mechanism makes full use of valid historical data and effectively establishes a balance between system performance and communication resource ***, it does not require the following two conditions in most existing studies:(1) requirement of the system dynamics model to be known, and(2) persistent excitation. In addition, Zeno behavior is excluded from this study. Finally, a simulation is conducted to confirm the validity of the suggested approach.

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Formation of water disinfection byproduct 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone from chlorination of green algae

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第1期30卷 1-8页

作者： Fei ge Yao Xiao Yixuan Yang Wei Wang Birget Moe xing-Fang li College of Environment and Resources Xiangtan University College of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Alberta College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Alberta Centre for Toxicology Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of Calgary

We report that green algae in lakes and rivers can serve as precursors of halobenzoquinone（HBQ） disinfection byproducts（DBPs） produced during chlorination. Chlorination of a common green alga, Chlorella vulgaris, produced 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone（2,6-DCBQ）, the most prevalent HBQ DBP in disinfected water. Under varying p H conditions（p H 6.0–9.0）, 2,6-DCBQ formation ranged from 0.3 to 2.1 μg/mg C with maximum formation at p H 8.0. To evaluate the contribution of organic components of C. vulgaris to 2,6-DCBQ formation, we separated the organics into two fractions, the protein-rich fraction of intracellular organic matter（IOM） and the polysaccharide-laden fraction of extracellular organic matter（EOM）. Chlorination of IOM and EOM produced 1.4 μg/mg C and 0.7 μg/mg C of 2,6-DCBQ, respectively. The IOM generated a two-fold higher 2,6-DCBQ formation potential than the EOM fraction, suggesting that proteins are potent 2,6-DCBQ precursors. This was confirmed by the chlorination of proteins extracted from C. vulgaris： the amount of 2,6-DCBQ produced is linearly correlated with the concentration of total algal protein（R2= 0.98）. These results support that proteins are the primary precursors of 2,6-DCBQ in algae, and control of green algal bloom outbreaks in source waters is important for management of HBQ DBPs.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Halobenzoquinones Green algae Proteins Precursors

Evolutionary relationships of Pemphigus and allied genera （Hemiptera： Aphididae： Eriosomatinae） and their primary endosymbiont, Buchnera aphidicola

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Insect Science 2014年第3期21卷 301-312页

作者： lin liu xing-Yi li Xiao-Lei Huang ge-Xia Qiao Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Aphids harbor primary endosymbionts, Buchnera aphidicola, in specialized cells within their body cavities. Aphids and Buchnera have strict mutualistic relationships in nutrition exchange. This ancient association has received much attention from researchers who are interested in endosymbiotic evolution. Previous studies have foundparallel phylogenetic relationships between non-galling aphids and Buchnera at lower taxonomic levels （genus, species）. To understand whether relatively isolated habitats such as galls have effect on the parallel relationships between aphids and Buchnera, the present paper investigated the phylogenetic relationships of gall aphids from Pemphigus and allied genera, which induce pseudo-galls or galls on Populus spp. （poplar） and Buchnera. The molecular phylogenies inferred from three aphid genes （COI, COII and EF-la） andtwo Buchnera genes （gnd, 16S rRNA gene） indicated significant congruence between aphids and Buchnera at generic as well as interspecific levels. Interestingly, both aphid andBuchnera phylogenies supported three main clades corresponding to the galling locations of aphids, namely leaf, the joint of leaf blade and petiole, and branch of the host *** results suggest phylogenetic conservatism of gall characters, which indicates gall characters are more strongly affected by aphid phylogeny, rather than host plants.

关键词： codivergence gall parallel evolution phylogenetic conservatism

Identification of active sites and synergistic effect in multicomponent carbon-based Ru catalysts during electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 166-173页

作者： Rongpeng Ma Xian Wang Xiaolong Yang Yang li Changpeng liu Junjie ge Wei xing State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory of Advanced Power SourcesChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Single atom catalysts(SACs)were reported to demonstrate exciting catalytic features for a number of reactions,including hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).However,the true role of these single atom sites in catalysts remains elusive,particularly for those prepared via pyrolysis,where the formation of active nanoparticle counterparts is often *** we report a Ru based catalyst(Ru embedded in N doped carbon spheres(Ru/NPCS))comprising of both Ru nanoclusters and Ru single sites,who demonstrates activity exceeding Pt catalyst and mass activity among the best of the Ru based catalysts under acidic *** integration of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis with Ru/NPCS as a cathode exhibited an excellent hydrogen generation activity and extraordinary stability(during 120 h of electrolysis)with a 1/48 Ru loading(16.5μgRu·cm^(−2))of a commercial 20%Pt/C *** precisely tailoring the dispersion status of the catalysts,we reveal that while ruthenium nanoclusters actively catalyze HER via Volmer–Tafel mechanism,the Ru SACs barely catalyze HER,with H*adsorption difficult to ***,no synergy between Ru SACs and Ru cluster is revealed,meaning the Ru SACs act as a spectator rather than active species during H2 evolution.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction single atom catalysts nanoclusters no synergy

An operation optimization method of a fully mechanized coal mining face based on semi-physical virtual simulation

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2020年第1期7卷 147-163页

作者： Hengbo Shi Jiacheng Xie Xuewen Wang Juanli li xing ge College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Key Laboratory of Fully Mechanized Coal Mining EquipmentTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina Taiyuan Mining Machinery Group Co. Ltd.Postdoctoral Science Research WorkstationTaiyuan 030032ShanxiChina

A mathematical hydraulic support self-tracking model for three-machine cooperative mining is proposed to address low efficiency and difficulties in strategy evaluation of a fully mechanized coal *** proposed model uses the coordinates and traction speed of the shearer to calculate the frequency of the circular hydraulic support and realize the coordinated operation of the three-machine mining technology.A unity3d hardware-in-the-loop simulation experimental hearer and hydraulic support platform was used to validate the model of autonomous *** results indicate that collaborative control of coal mining allowed for an efficiency 3.76%higher than under automatic operation mode and 46.03%higher than under manual control;thus,The mathematical model provided an improved production efficiency of the fully mechanized mining *** mathematical model also provides a more intelligent and reliable security support,and improves the intelligent level of hydraulic support follow-up control.

关键词： Semi-physical simulation Virtual reality Unity3d Human-computer interaction Shearer traction speed

Electronic and magnetic properties of single-layer and double-layer VX_(2)(X=Cl,Br)under biaxial stress

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第10期30卷 534-540页

作者： xing li Yanfeng ge Jun li Wenhui Wan Yong liu State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology&Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province School of ScienceYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

First-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations reveal that single-layer and double-layer VX_(2)(X=Cl,Br)can be tuned from antiferromagnetic(AFM)semiconductors to ferromagnetic(FM)state when biaxial tensile stress is *** ground states are all T *** biaxial tensile stress at the phase transition point of the double-layer VX_(2) is larger than that of the single-layer VX_(2).The direct band gaps can be also manipulated by biaxial tensile stress as they increases with increasing tensile stress to a critical point and then *** Neel temperature(´TN)of double-layer VX_(2) are higher than that of *** the stress increases,the TN of all materials tend to *** magnetic moment increases with the increase of biaxial tensile stress,and which become insensitive to stress after the phase transition *** research provides a method to control the electronic and magnetic properties of VX_(2) by stress,and the single-layer and double-layer VX_(2) may have potential applications in nano spintronic devices.

关键词： first-principles biaxial tensile stress phase transition magnetic properties

Cradle for the newborn Monochamus saltuarius:Microbial associates to ward off entomopathogens and disarm plant defense

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 1165-1182页

作者： Si-Xun ge Jia-xing li Zhuo-Heng Jiang Shi-Xiang Zong li-li Ren Bejing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control Bejing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina School of Science Westlake UniversityHangzhouChina Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Invasive Forest Pests in Eurasia Bejing Forestry University-French National Research Institute for AgricultureFood and Environment(INRAE)BejingChina

The Japanese pine sawyer,Monochamus saltuarius,as a beetle vector of Bur-saphelenchus xylophilus(pine wood nematode),is an economically important forest pest in *** feed on the phloem and xylem of conifers,*** needs to overcome various stress factors,including coping with entomopathogenic bacteria and also various plant secondary compounds(PSCs).As an important adaptation strategy to colonize host trees,*** deposit eggs in oviposition pits to shield their *** pits har-bor bacterial communities that are involved in the host adaptation of *** to the ***,the composition,origin,and functions of these oviposition pit bacteria are rarely *** this study,we investigated the bacterial community associated with *** oviposition pits and their ability to degrade *** showed that the bacterial community structure of *** oviposition pits significantly differed from that of uninfected ***,the oviposition pit bacteria were predicted to be enriched in PSC degradation *** microbial community also harbored a lethal strain of Serratia,which was significantly ***,metatranscriptome anal-ysis indicated that genes involved in PSCs degradation were expressed complementarily among the microbial communities of oviposition pits and *** vitro degrada-tion showed that bacteria cultured from oviposition pits degraded more monoterpenes and flavonoids than bacteria cultured from uninfected phloem *** of ovipo-sition pits increased the mortality of newly hatched larvae and resulted in a significant decrease in body weight in the early ***,our results reveal that *** construct oviposition pits that harbor a diverse microbial community,with stronger PSCs degradation abilities and a low abundance of entomopathogenic bacteria,resulting in the increased fitness of newly hatched larvae.

关键词： community structure entomopathogenic bacteria host plant adaptation plant secondary metabolites symbiotic bacteria