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Predictive Factors of Hyponatremia in Under-Five Severely Malnourished Children with Pneumonia Admitted to a Large Urban Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A Nested Case-Control Design

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第4期4卷 398-404页

作者： Cheryl Kay Zogg Tahmeed Ahmed Abu Syeed Golam Faruque Sumon Kumar Das gazi imran Mohammod Jobayer Chisti Centre for Nutrition & Food Security (CNFS) International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddrb) Dhaka Bangladesh Dhaka Shishu Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore USA

Background: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance encountered in the management of diarrheal children. Common ramifications include cerebral edema and fatal outcomes. However, pediatric data remain lacking, particularly in developmental contexts where resources are limited and associated conditions like malnutrition and pneumonia are common. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate predicting factors associated with hyponatremia in children under five years of age with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in Bangladesh. Methods: Using a nested case-control design, we compared clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with (n = 61) and without hyponatremia (n = 183) taken from a parent population of all children under five with SAM and clinical or radiological pneumonia admitted to Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b between April 2011 and June 2012 (n = 407). Results: Logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders such as lack of breast feeding, duration of vomiting (days), and severe wasting revealed that older age (OR 1.05, 95%CI 1.02 - 1.07, p = 0.001) (5% increase in the relative odds of hyponatremia for each additional month of age), presence of diarrhea (OR 2.43, 95%CI 1.0 - 6.0, p = 0.05), and difficulty breathing (OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.0 - 2.05, p = 0.05) were significantly associated with hyponatremia. Conclusion: Our data suggest that older age, presence of diarrhea, and difficulty breathing in under-five children with SAM is independent predictors of hyponatremia. These findings underscore the importance of detecting simple clinical predictors early in order to facilitate appropriate management and to prevent potential ramifications of hyponatremia in SAM children, especially in resource-poor settings.

关键词： Children Diarrhea Hyponatremia Malnutrition Pneumonia

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Health and Nutritional Status of Young Foster Children Attending a Diarrhea Treatment Hospital in Bangladesh

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第8期4卷 785-790页

作者： Durdana Akhter Sumon Kumar Das Mohammod Jobayer Chisti gazi imran Fahmida Dil Farzana Shahnawaz Ahmed Farzana Ferdous Mohammad Abdul Malek Abu Syed Golam Faruque Centre for Nutrition and Food Security (CNFS) icddrb Dhaka Bangladesh Centre for Vaccine Sciences (CVS) International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddrb) Dhaka Bangladesh Dhaka Shishu (Children’s) Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh

There is scarcity of evidence-based information about socio-demographic as well as ailment factors associated with foster children in Bangladesh. Thus the aim of the present study was to determine the socio-economic, health and nutritional status of young foster children in urban Dhaka. A total of 208 (1%;n = 208/28,948) under-5 foster children were enrolled in the Diarrheal Disease Surveillance System of icddr,b between 1993-2012. Randomly selected under-5 children (n = 624) with a ratio of 1:3 were extracted and constituted as comparison group. Forty-three percent (n = 90) foster children were male. Lack of formal schooling of mother was higher among foster children compared to non-foster children (52% vs. 35%;p < 0.001). Higher proportion of foster children suffered from some or severe dehy-dration (60% vs. 47%;p = 0.001) and often received intravenous saline (12% vs. 5%;p = 0.002) in comparison to non-foster children. Significantly lower proportion of foster children had rotavirus diarrhea (26% vs. 43%;p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, foster children were 2 times (95% CI: 1.31-4.32) more likely to be stunted and 194 times (95% CI: 82.25-457.76) more likely to be non-breastfed. Infants aged 6-11 months were 8 times (95% CI: 3.70-15.50) more likely to be foster compared to older children and probability of fostering was 7 times (95% CI: 3.96-13.33) higher among mothers with a median age of 25 years. The findings of our study clearly demonstrate the existing health and nutritional problems of foster children. Therefore, appropriate health and nutrition interventions are critical for foster children in Bangladesh.

关键词： Bangladesh Diarrhea Foster Children Malnutrition

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Zinc and cadmium accumulation in cabbage aphid （Brevicoryne brassicae） host plants and developmental instability

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Insect Science 2009年第1期16卷 65-71页

作者： gazi Gorur Department of Biology Science and Arts Faculty Nigde University 51100 Nigde Turkey

Developmental instability in morphological characters can occur during individual development due to various environmental stresses. Fluctuating asymmetry （FA） is often used as a measurement of developmental instability, but within-environment variation （CVo） is also considered an indicator of developmental instability. Cabbage aphid （Brevicoryne brassicae） populations were reared on zinc- （Zn） or cadmium- （Cd） contaminated cabbage and radish plants. Developmental instability indicators were measured and their relations with fitness were explored. Results revealed that cabbage aphids exposed to Cd and Zn displayed considerable developmental instability, particularly fluctuating asymmetry. Differences in developmental instability between the two metals were also detected, as well as differences between the two developmental instability measurements. For almost all measured traits, FA was greater on Cd- and Zn-contaminated compared to non-contaminated host plants. In contrast, CVo of some traits was greater on non-contaminated host plants, yet for other traits CVo was greater on contaminated host plants. There were also non-significant inverse relationships between FA and fitness of cabbage aphid populations. Due to weak correlations between FA and different patterns of two developmental instability measurements, this study does not support the hypothesis that developmental instability is a useful bioindicator of environmental quality.

关键词： aphid fluctuating asymmetry heavy metal

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A Survey on Belief Propagation Decoding of Polar Codes

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China Communications 2021年第8期18卷 133-168页

作者： Ahmet Cagrı Arlı Orhan gazi Digital Design and Verification Engineering Department Electra ICAnkaraTurkiye Electronic and Communication Engineering Cankaya UniversityAnkaraTurkiye

The increasing data traffic rate of wireless communication systems forces the development of new technologies *** high data rate,extremely low latency and improvement on quality of service are the main subjects of next generation 5G wireless communication systems which will be in the people’s life in the years of *** the newest and first mathematically proven forward error correction code,polar code is one of the best candidates among error correction methods that can be employed for 5G wireless *** aim of this tutorial is to show that belief propagation decoding of polar codes can be a promising forward error correction technique in upcoming 5G ***,we survey the novel approaches to the belief propagation based decoding of polar codes and continue with the studies about the simplification of these ***,early detection and termination methods and concept of scheduling are going to be presented throughout the ***,polar construction algorithms,error types in belief propagation based decoders and hardware implementations are going to be ***,this tutorial proves that the BP based decoding of polar codes has a great potential to be a part of communication standards.

关键词： polar codes belief propagation 5G

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Target Capturing in an Ellipsoidal Region for a Swarm of Double Integrator Agents

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第5期9卷 801-811页

作者： Antonio Bono Luigi D'Alfonso Giuseppe Fedele Veysel gazi IEEE Department of Informatics ModelingElectronics and Systems EngineeringUniversity of CalabriaRende 87036Italy Dept.Electrical and Electronics Eng. Faculty of EngineeringMarmara UniversityIstanbul 34722 Department of Control and Automation Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringYildiz Technical UniversityEsenler 34220Turkey

In this paper we focus on the target capturing problem for a swarm of agents modelled as double integrators in any finite space *** agent knows the relative position of the target and has only an estimation of its velocity and *** that the estimation errors are bounded by some known values,it is possible to design a control law that ensures that agents enter a user-defined ellipsoidal ring around the moving *** know the relative position of the other members whose distance is smaller than a common detection ***,in the case of no uncertainty about target data and homogeneous agents,we show how the swarm can reach a static configuration around the moving *** simulations are reported to show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Agents-based systems cooperative control swarms target-capturing

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Modification of the Convergence of GG-PPA for Solving Generalized Equations

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2023年第1期11卷 260-275页

作者： Asraful Alom Zaidur Rahman Bayezid gazi imran Hossain Department of Mathematics Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Khulna Bangladesh

A modified Gauss-type Proximal Point Algorithm (modified GG-PPA) is presented in this paper for solving the generalized equations like 0 ∈T(x), where T is a set-valued mapping acts between two different Banach spaces X and Y. By considering some necessary assumptions, we show the existence of any sequence generated by the modified GG-PPA and prove the semi-local and local convergence results by using metrically regular mapping. In addition, we give a numerical example to justify the result of semi-local convergence.

关键词： Set-Valued Mappings Metrically Regular Mappings Semi-Local Convergence Lipschitz Continuous Fixed Point Lemma

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Phytoplankton abundance and community structure in the Antarctic polar frontal region during austral summer of 2009

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第1期31卷 21-30页

作者： SHRAMIK Patil RAHUL Mohan SUHAS Shetye SAHINA gazi National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research

The Antarctic polar front region in the Southern Ocean is known to be most productive. We studied the phytoplankton community structure in the Indian sector at this frontal location during late austral summer (February, 2009) onboard R/V Akademic Boris Petrov. We used the phytoplankton and microheterotrophs abundance, as also the associated physico-chemical parameters to explain the low phytoplankton abundance in the study region. This study emphasizes the shift of phytoplankton, from large (>10 μm) to small (10 μm) phytoplankton abundance during the late austral summer. This study highlights the highly productive polar front nevertheless becomes a region of low phytoplankton abundance, due to community shifts towards pico-phytoplankton (<10 μm) during late austral summer.

关键词： Southern Ocean polar front diatom ciliate dinoflagellate

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A numerical technique based on collocation method for solving modified Kawahara equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第1期3卷 67-75页

作者： Turgut Ak S.Battal gazi Karakoc Department of Transportation Engineering Yalova UniversityYalova77200 Turkey Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and ArtNevsehir Haci Bektas Veli UniversityNevsehir50300 Turkey

In this article,a numerical solution of the modified Kawahara equation is presented by septic B-spline collocation *** the von-Neumann stability analysis,the present method is shown to be unconditionally stable.L 2 and L∞error norms and conserved quantities are given at selected *** accuracy of the proposed method is checked by test problems including motion of the single solitary wave,interaction of solitary waves and evolution of solitons.

关键词： Modified Kawahara equation Finite element method Collocation Solitary waves B-spline

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Solving Smooth Generalized Equations Using Modified Gauss-Type Proximal Point Method

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Applied Mathematics 2022年第6期13卷 523-537页

作者： Md. Asraful Alom Md. Bayezid gazi imran Hossain Eshita Kundu Department of Mathematics Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Khulna Bangladesh

Consider X and Y are two real or complex Banach spaces. We introduce and study a modified Gauss-type proximal point algorithm (in short modified G-PPA) for solving the generalized equations of the form 0 ∈h(x) + H(x), where h : X → Y is a smooth function on Ω ⊆X and H : X ⇉2Y is a set valued mapping with closed graph. When H is metrically regular and under some sufficient conditions, we analyze both semi-local and local convergence of the modified G-PPA. Moreover, the convergence results of the modified G-PPA are justified by presenting a numerical example.

关键词： Set-Valued Mapping Metrically Regular Mapping Smooth Function Lipschitz-Like Mapping Semi-Local Convergence

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Spatiotemporal variability of channel and bar morphodynamics in the Gorai-Madhumati River,Bangladesh using remote sensing and GIS techniques

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第4期14卷 828-841页

作者： Md.Yousuf gazi Farhad Hossain Sumiya Sadeak Md.Mahin Uddin Department of Geology University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh Department of Geography and Environment University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a riparian country that is criss-crossed by the many tributaries and distributaries of the mighty Ganges,Brahmaputra,and Meghna river ***-Madhumati,a distributary of the Ganges River is an example where morphological development of the river is associated with frequent channel shifting within the catchment *** main objective of this research is to quantify the extent of channel migration,erosion-accretion,river width,sinuosity,and charland morpho-dynamics from 1972 to 2018 using geospatial techniques combined with satellite images and hydrological *** study also addressed the impacts of Farakka Barrage construction in India on the shifting,flow behavior,and siltation of Gorai-Madhumati *** study shows that bar surface areas have abnormally increased in both segments after 1975 due to the construction of Farakka *** flow in the Gorai-Madhumati has dropped remarkably in the downstream and instigated huge sedimentation in this *** of the time series satellite images revealed that the morphology of the river channel experienced huge changes simultaneously with the changes in the seasonal flow and sedimentation all over the study *** trend has frequently shifted and taken place in the NW and NE direction in the observed sections of the *** the study period,total amount of accretion was greater than the net percentage of erosion on both banks of the *** discharge,bar accretion,and erosion history show that the Gorai-Madhumati River will no longer exist with the present flowing condition without attention and proper river management.

关键词： channel migration erosion-accretion morphodynamics geospatial techniques Gorai-Madhumati Bangladesh

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