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Effects of Chinese Milk Vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) Residue Incorporation on CH4 and N2O Emission from a Double-Rice Paddy Soil

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第9期11卷 1537-1544页

作者： ZHU Bo1.YI Li-xia1. HU Yue-gao1. ZENG Zhao-hai1. TANG Hai-ming2, {1. Guang-li2 and XIAO Xiao-ping2 1.{1. of Agronomy and Biotechnology, china Agricultural University, beijing 1.01.3, P.R.china 2 Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha 41.1.5, P.R.china [a] college of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R. China [b] Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute Changsha 410125 P.R. China

Methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from paddy soils have seldom been estimated when leguminous green manure is applied as a nitrogen source. In this paper, gas fluxes were measured by using a pot sampling device combined with a static chamber method to estimate the effects of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L., CMV) on CH 4 and N 2 O emissions and their integrated global warming potentials (GWP) in a double-rice cropping system. Four treatments (no nitrogen fertilizer, NF; urea as chemical fertilizer, CF; CMV incorporation, MV; 50% CMV incorporation and 50% urea, MVCF) were established. CH 4 flux peaked on the 1.th d after treatment application. Total season CH 4 emission was increased by MV and MVCF by 370 and 209%, 1.2 and 66%, when compared with NF and CF, respectively. Most of the increased CH 4 was emitted in the first two months after incorporation of CMV. N 2 O emission from CF was 1.- and 5.6-fold higher than that from MV and MVCF, respectively. Application of CMV restricted N 2 O emission caused by the application of urea. Improved CMV residue management was needed to minify CH 4 emission induced by the input of organic material. Despite the highest GWP being found in MV, we recommend CMV, when applied as an N source in paddy fields, as a potential mitigation tool for greenhouse gas emissions.

关键词： Chinese milk vetch double-rice global warming potential methane nitrous oxide

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Exploring the complex trade-offs and synergies of global ecosystem services

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Environmental science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 141-148页

作者： Jinnan wang Wenjun Wu Meng {1. Yueming gao Jiacheng Shao Weishan {1. Guoxia Ma Fang Yu Nan Yao Hongqiang Jiang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China The Center for Eco-Environmental Accounting Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China The Innovation Center for Eco-environment-Oriented Development Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China School of Environment Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China college of Environmental&Resource {1.s Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China college of Economics&Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China

The trade-off and synergy relationship of ecosystem services is an important topic in the current *** value of each service provided by the ecosystem is substantially affected by human activities,and conversely,its changes will also affect the relevant human *** to varying tradeoffs among ecosystem services and synergies between them that can either increase or decrease,it is difficult to optimize multiple ecosystem services simultaneously,making it a huge challenge for ecosystem *** study firstly develops a global Gross Ecosystem Product(GEP)accounting *** uses remote sensing data with a spatial resolution of 1.km to estimate the ecosystem services of forests,wetlands,grasslands,deserts,and farmlands in 1.9 major countries in *** results show that the range of global GEP values is USD 1.2e1.7 trillion,with an average value of USD 1.5 trillion(the constant price),and the ratio of GEP to gross domestic product(GDP)is *** tradeoffs and the synergies among different ecosystem services in each continent and income group have been further *** found a correspondence between the income levels and the synergy among ecosystem services within each *** specific ecosystem services,there are strong synergies between oxygen release,climate regulation,and carbon sequestration services.A trade-off relationship has been observed between flood regulation and other services,such as water conservation and soil retention services in low-income *** results will help clarify the roles and the feedback mechanisms between different stakeholders and provide a scientific basis for optimizing ecosystem management and implementing ecological compensation schemes to enhance human well-being.

关键词： Ecosystem services Biophysical quantity Monetary value Trade-off Synergy

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Expressed sequence tag analysis and cloning of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene from marine alga Laminaria japonica(Phaeophyta)

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2012年第6期31卷 139-148页

作者： XUAN Jinsong 1,4,FENG Yanbin 1,WENG Manli 1,ZHAO Ge 1,SHI Jinfeng 1,YAO Jianting 2,wang Xiuliang 2,GUO Baotai 3,QIAO Lixian 3,DUAN Delin 2,wang Bin 1 1 The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 The State Key Laboratory of Marine Biology,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of sciences,Qingdao 266071,china 3 college of Life sciences,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,china 4 Department of Biological science and Engineering,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering,University of science and Technology beijing,beijing {1.}china 1. The State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 4. Department of Biological science and Engineering School of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China 2. The State Key Laboratory of Marine Biology Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China 3. college of Life {1.s Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109 China

A high quality cDNA library was constructed from the brown alga Laminaria japonica,with the titer of 1.2×1. 5 pfu/*** average insert size of the cDNA library is about 1.6 *** the cDNA library,591.cDNA clones were randomly selected and *** a result,574 EST(expressed sequence tag) sequences were *** of the 574 ESTs were submitted to the dbEST database section of GenBank with the accession numbers from CX942625 to *** cDNA library was screened with a α-32 p labeled 453 bp T P S gene probe,which is a partial sequence yielded from Porphyra *** positive cDNA clones were screened and the sequencing data showed that these four cDNA clones covered majority of *** TPS cDNA *** PCR amplification,sequencing and assembling,the entire ORF(open reading frame) sequence of the T P S gene was obtained,which was named *** encodes a protein containing 908 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 1.1.674 *** LjTPS gene was successfully expressed in *** and *** LjTPS gene has potential application both in plant breeding to stress tolerance and in deciphering the T P S gene function and mechanism to stress tolerance.

关键词： cDNA library comparative study expressed sequence tag(EST) analysis Laminaria japonica trehalose-6-phosphate synthase(TPS) T P S gene

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A Stable Open-Shell Conjugated Diradical Polymer with Ultra-High Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for NIR-Ⅱ Photo-Immunotherapy of Metastatic Tumor

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 1-14页

作者： Yijian gao Ying Liu Xiliang Li Hui {1. Yuliang {1. Yu Luo Yingpeng Wan Chun‑sing Lee Shengliang Li Xiao‑Hong Zhang college of Pharmaceutical {1.s Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Center of Super‑Diamond and Advanced Films(COSDAF)&Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China

Massive efforts have been concentrated on the advance of eminent near-infrared(NIR) photothermal materials(PTMs) in the NIR-Ⅱ window(1.00–1.00 nm), especially organic PTMs because of their intrinsic biological safety compared with inorganic PTMs. However, so far, only a few NIR-Ⅱresponsive organic PTMs was explored, and their photothermal conversion efficiencies(PCEs) still remain relatively low. Herein, donor–acceptor conjugated diradical polymers with open-shell characteristics are explored for synergistically photothermal immunotherapy of metastatic tumors in the NIR-Ⅱ window. By employing side-chain regulation, the conjugated diradical polymer TTB-2 with obvious NIR-Ⅱ absorption was developed, and its nanoparticles realize a record-breaking PCE of 87.7% upon NIR-Ⅱ light illustration. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that TTB-2 nanoparticles show good tumor photoablation with navigation of photoacoustic imaging in the NIR-Ⅱ window, without any side-effect. Moreover, by combining with PD-1.antibody,the pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer is high-effectively prevented by the efficient photo-immunity effect. Thus, this study explores superior PTMs for cancer metastasis theranostics in the NIR-Ⅱ window, offering a new horizon in developing radical-characteristic NIR-Ⅱ photothermal materials.

关键词： NIR-Ⅱconjugated polymer Photothermal Radical Nanoparticles Cancer therapy

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Experimental remolding on the caprock's 3D strain field of the Indosinian-Yanshanian epoch in Tongling deposit concentrating area

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science {1. Earth sciences 2005年第7期48卷 863-874页

作者： DENG Jun1.HUANG Dinghua2,wang Qingfei1.WAN Li1.SUN Zhongshi3,{1. Liqiang1.& gao Bangfei1.1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,china University of Geosciences,beijing 1.0083.china 2. Faculty of Earth sciences,china University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,china 3. Department of Earth sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 1.0061.china State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Faculty of Earth sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Department of Earth sciences Jilin University Changchun 130061 China

Based on field observations and rheology analysis, we perform one analogue experiment and remold the 3D structural frame of Tongling deposit concentrating area firstly. Then we disassemble and dialyze the 3D structures of the model using the methods of "slicing" and "stripping". A series of sliced planes vertical to the fold hinges show similar landscapes of that in the drill hole profiles. Meanwhile, layer stripping analysis indicates that the deformation features of each layer in the model are qualitatively analogical to those obtained from field observations. Through contrasting the 3D structure between the experimental model and the field phenomena, we verify the following 3D deformation features of the caprock in this area: (1. the Tongling area mainly consists of three series of NE S-typed fold groups; (2) in the uniform stress field, the incoherent folds universally develop in different positions, along different axes as well as in different strata; (3) the faults propagate upward which are mostly inter-bedded detachment faults, while the fold amplitudes decrease while going deeper; and (4) the folds and cleavages are highly developed in the Silurian System indicating that the deformation effect of the Indosin-ian-Yanshanian structural layer terminates at this layer, which suggests that the Silurian System is the crucial layer for the inversion between brittle and plastic deformation domains and the underlying strata are subject to the control of another deformation system with distinct properties.

关键词： Tongling deposit concentrating area Indosinian-Yanshanian epoch 3D structural frame of the caprock analogue experiment slicing and stripping analysis structural model.

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Computational theory of cavitating flows for hydraulic turbomachinery with consideration of influence of water quality

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science {1.(Technological sciences) 2010年第12期53卷 3341-3348页

作者： wang Lei1.2 & CHANG JinShi2 1.Huadian Electric Power Research Institute, Hangzhou 31.030, {1. 2 college of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, {1. Agricultural University, beijing 1.0083. china 1. Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Hangzhou 310030 China2. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China

Previously it was assumed that the pressure within the cavity or on the cavity surface remained constant and the vapor pressure of clean water at 20°C and 0 m altitude was utilized as the computational boundary for cavitating flows in hydraulic turbomachinery. Cavitation was confused with vaporization, and the effect of water quality on cavitation pressure characteristics was not taken into account. In recent years, lots of experiments of cavitation pressure characteristics of different water qualities including different sand concentrations of sand water and different altitudes of clean water have been performed by the authors, and the important influences of water quality on cavitation pressure characteristic have been validated. Thus the water quality should be involved in the cavitating flows computation. In the present paper, the effect of water quality on the cavitation pressure characteristic is analyzed and the computational method and theory of cavitating flows for hydraulic turbomachinery that considers the influence of water quality are proposed. The theory is suitable for both the potential flow method and the two-phase flow method for cavitating flows simulation. Finally, the validation results for cavitating flows in a hydraulic tur- bine indicate the significant influences of water quality on the cavitating flow performance.

关键词： cavitating flows cavitation pressure water quality hydraulic turbomachinery

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Reduced analysis and confirmatory research on co-adaptability theoretical solution to conflicting events in construction engineering projects

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science {1.(Technological sciences) 2010年第2期53卷 480-485页

作者： HOU XueLiang1., LU Mei2 & wang Kai3 1.School of Business Administration, North {1. Electric Power University, beijing 1.2206, {1. 2 Department of Construction Management, Tsinghua University, beijing 1.0084, {1. 3 college of Management, beijing Jiaotong University, beijing 1.0084, {1. 1. School of Business Administration North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China2. Department of Construction Management Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China3. College of Management Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100084 China

The co-adaptability theoretical solution to conflicting events in construction engineering projects has three problems. First, the transformation of constraint conditions of theoretical solution is very difficult in practical engineering applications; second, some coefficients are difficult to be determined; third, there are overfull circular arithmetic operations involved in it. To resolve these problems, a new method to reduce the theoretical solution complications is proposed. By analyzing the operating mechanism of theoretical solution model, redundancies in the theoretical solution can be eliminated, and the ISM mapping with the co-adaptability solution can be set up. Based on this approach, a procedure to solve practical conflicting events in construction projects is established by replacing characteristic variables with mathematic variables. The research results show that the procedure can replace the co-adaptability theoretical solution effectively and solve practical conflicting events in construction projects.

关键词： construction project conflict theoretical solution reduced analysis ISM confirmatory research

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Boosting the zinc storage performance of vanadium dioxide by integrated morphology engineering and carbon nanotube conductive networks

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7136-7143页

作者： Lijie Ma Xiaolin wang Xiang Chen Jianbin {1. Yiwen wang Yuehai Song Yaran Zhao Shizhe {1. Lin Li Jianchao Sun School of Environment and Material Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China college of Textile {1. and Engineering(International Institute of Silk) Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation Advanced Institute of Natural SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China Institute for Carbon Neutralization College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China

Vanadium dioxide(VO_(2)) with the advantages of high theoretical capacity and tunnel structure has attracted considerable promising candidates for aqueous zinc-ion ***,the intrinsic low electronic conductivity of VO_(2) results in an unsatisfactory electrochemical ***,a flower-like VO_(2)/carbon nanotubes(CNTs)composite was obtained by a facile hydrothermal *** unique flower-like morphology shortens the ion transport length and facilitates electrolyte ***,the CNT conductive networks is in favor of fast electron transfer.A highly reversible zinc storage mechanism was revealed by ex-situ X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron *** a result,the VO_(2)/CNTs cathode exhibits a high reversible capacity(41. mAh·g^(−1.),superior rate performance(305 mAh·g^(−1.at 5 A·g^(−1.),and excellent cycling stability(a reversible capacity of 221.mAh·g^(−1.was maintained even after 2000 cycles).This work provides a guide for the design of high-performance cathode materials for aqueous zinc metal batteries.

关键词： VO_(2)/carbon nanotubes morphology engineering zinc metal batteries cathode materials conductive networks

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Level Set interface treatment and its application in Euler method

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science {1.(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第2期53卷 227-236页

作者： WU KaiTeng1.2,HAO Li3,wang Cheng4 & ZHANG Li1.2 1.Numerical Simulation Sichuan Higher School Key Laboratory,Neijiang Normal University,Neijiang 641.1.,{1. 2 college of Mathematics and Information science,Neijiang Normal University,Neijiang 641.1.,{1. 3 college of science,beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,beijing 1.0044,{1. 4 State Key Laboratory of Explosion science and Technology,beijing Institute of Technology,beijing 1.0081.{1. 1. Numerical Simulation Sichuan Higher School Key Laboratory Neijiang Normal University Neijiang 641112 China2. College of Mathematics and Information Science Neijiang Normal University Neijiang 641112 China3. College of Science Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing 100044 China4. State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

Level Set interface treatment method is introduced into Euler method,which is employed for interface treatment method for multi-materials. Combined with the ghost fluid method,the moving interface is tracked. Fifth-order WENO spatial discretization and third-order TVD Runge-Kutta time discretization methods are used. Shock-wave action on bubble,implosion and velocity field Shock effect bubbles; implosion and velocity field are simulated by means of LS-MMIC3D programmed by C++. Nu-merical results show that the Level Set interface treatment method is effective and feasible for multi-material interface treatment in comparison with the WENO method.

关键词： Euler method Level Set method shock-wave action on bubble implosion numerical simulation

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EST-derived microsatellites in P seudosciaena crocea and their applicability to related species

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第6期29卷 83-91页

作者： YE Hua wang Xiaoqing {1. Tianxiang wang Zhiyong college of Animal {1. and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China Key Laboratory of science and Technology for Aquaculture and Food Safety Fisheries College/Fisheries Biotechnology Institute Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China

Simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were obtained for the large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea using 1.205 expressed sequences tags （ESTs） from the NCBI *** for 48 ESTSSR loci were designed and screened with 30 *** specimens captured from Guanjingyang sea area in Fujian Province of *** of the loci were polymorphic,which were amplified with 3 to 1. alleles per locus and the mean of *** observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.091.to 0.844 （mean 0.544） and from 0.1.8 to 0.892 （mean 0.644）,*** information content （PIC） ranged from 0.1.5 to 0.866 （mean 0.593）.The results for cross-species amplification of the 1. large yellow croaker EST-SSRs on ***,***,***,*** and *** revealed that 1.,1.,1.,7 and 6 loci were successfully amplified with 1.to 1. alleles with an average of 4.5 per locus,respectively,which are suitable for population genetics studies of these species and useful for phylogenetic relationship analysis among these ***,this study provides a set of type I markers for population genetics studies and genome mapping for large yellow croaker and its closely related species.

关键词： Pseudosciaena crocea EST-SSRs genetic diversity cross-species amplification

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