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Thin layers of Fe doped ZnO deposited by spin-coating for electrolysis and photodetector applications

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： Dikra BOURAS Mamoun FELLAH Regis BARILLE Amjad IQBAL Hamadi FOUZIA Obrosov ALEKSEI gamal A.EL-HITI Faculty of Science and Technology， University of Souk-Ahras Mechanical Engineering Department， ABBES Laghrour University Biomaterial， Synthesis and Tribology Research team， ABBES Laghrour-University MOLTECH-Anjou， Université d'Angers/UMR CNRS 6200 Department of Materials Technologies， Faculty of Materials Engineering， Silesian University of Technology Matter science department， ABBES Laghrour University Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg Department of Optometry， College of Applied Medical Sciences， King Saud University

ZnO is nowadays not only used as an additive for the copper and cement industry， but also in medicine and cosmetic industry as part of the substitute materials of choice for the field of new technologies such as renewable energy. This study aims to investigate the effect of iron concentration on the microstructural and structural properties of ZnO for Electrolysis and Photodetector Applications. The Thin layers of un-doped and doped ZnO with different percentages of Fe （2， 4， and 6 wt.%） were deposited by spin-coating on glass substrates. Sample characterization was done by X-ray diffraction （XRD）， Atomic force microscopy （AFM）， Scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）， UV-visible absorption spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. Structural measurements by XRD show that all the layers are polycrystalline with a hexagonal Wurtzite structure. Two new peaks were also discovered after the doping process （400） and （440） belonging to the Fe2O4crystal phase spectrum. Morphological analysis showed that the surface roughness values of ZnO layers ranged between 8 and 45 nm. XPS studies confirmed the presence of Fe in +3 states in ZnO layers. An average transmittance of 90% was measured by UV- in the wavelength range of 200-900 nm. The values of the energy gap （Eg） decreased with an increase in the concentration of Fe. AFM topography results confirmed that ZnO-based thin layers have a relatively uniform surface. The efficiency of these samples has been confirmed for their use in many electrical applications， including photodetectors and electrolysis of contaminated solutions.

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Selenoprotein-p and insulin resistance in children and adolescents with obesity

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第3期13卷 40-52页

作者： Amany Elbarky Kholoud gamal Ismail Yousef Fouad Yousef Rasha Mohamed gamal Elshafiey Radwa Mahmoud Elsharaby Asmaa El-Kaffas Mohammed Al-Beltagi Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition Unit Pediatric DepartmentFaculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Pediatric Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Paediatric University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671ManamaBahrain

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance and obesity present significant challenges in pediatric *** P1(SEPP1)serves as a biomarker for assessing selenium levels in the *** its association with metabolic syndrome is established in adults,its relevance in children remains *** To ascertain SEPP1 blood levels in children and adolescents diagnosed with obesity and to assess its correlation with insulin resistance and adiposity *** 170 children participated in this study,including 85 diagnosed with obesity and an equal number of healthy counterparts matched for age and *** participant underwent a comprehensive medical evaluation,encompassing a detailed medical history,clinical examination,and anthropometric measurements like waist circumference and waist-to-height ***,routine blood tests were conducted,including serum SEPP1,visceral adiposity index(VAI),and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance(HOMA-IR)*** Our findings revealed significantly lower serum SEPP1 levels in children with obesity compared to their healthy ***,notable negative correlations were observed between serum SEPP1 levels and body mass index,VAI,and *** The study suggests that SEPP1 could serve as a valuable predictor for insulin resistance among children and adolescents diagnosed with *** highlights the potential utility of SEPP1 in pediatric metabolic health assessment and warrants further investigation.

关键词： Obesity Childhood obesity Selenium status Selenoprotien P1 Insulin resistance

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Energy and momentum of rotating frames in tetrad gravity

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Chinese Physics B 2011年第10期20卷 101-111页

作者： gamal G L Nashed Mathematics Department Faculty of Science Ain Shams University

Within the framework of the tetrad formulation of general relativity theory, we compute the total energy and momentum of four rotating frames using the gravitational energy-momentum 3-form. We show how the effect of inertia always makes the total energy divergent. We use a natural regularization method to obtain physical values for the total energy of the system and show how it works on a number of explicit examples. We also show by calculation that inertia has no effect on the momentum components.

关键词： teleparallel gravity, energy-momentum WeitzenbSck connection, regularization telepar-allelism

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Spherically symmetric solution in higher-dimensional teleparallel equivalent of general relativity

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第2期22卷 120-127页

作者： gamal G.L.Nashed Center for Theoretical Physics British University in EgyptSherouk City 11837P.O.Box 43Egypt Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt

A theory of（N＋1）-dimensional gravity is developed on the basis of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity（TEGR）.The fundamental gravitational field variables are the（N＋1）-dimensional vector fields,defined globally on a manifold M,and the gravitational field is attributed to the *** form of Lagrangian density is quadratic in torsion *** then give an exact five-dimensional spherically symmetric solution（Schwarzschild（4＋1）-dimensions）.Finally,we calculate energy and spatial momentum using gravitational energy-momentum tensor and superpotential 2-form.

关键词： (N+1)-dimensional teleparallel equivalent of general relativity five-dimensional solution energy and momentum

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Gravitational radiation fields in teleparallel equivalent of general relativity and their energies

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第11期19卷 132-139页

作者： gamal G.L.Nashed Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Centre for Theoretical Physics The British University in EgyptEl-Sherouk CityMisr-Ismalia Desert RoadPostal No.11837Egypt

We derive two new retarded solutions in the teleparallel theory equivalent to general relativity （TEGR）. One of these solutions gives a divergent energy. Therefore, we use the regularized expression of the gravitational energymomentum tensor, which is a coordinate dependent. A detailed analysis of the loss of the mass of Bondi space-time is carried out using the flux of the gravitational energy-momentum.

关键词： teleparallel equivalent of general relativity energy-momentum tensor Bondi mass gravitational radiation

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Thermal properties of Lense-Thirring spacetime in tetrad theory of gravity

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第8期21卷 51-58页

作者： gamal G.L.Nashed Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 380Al-Ahsaa 31982the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAin Shams UniversityCairo 11566Egypt Center for Theoretical Physics British University of EgyptSherouk City 11837P.O.Box 43Egypt

Using the divergence term appearing in the Lagrangian of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity （TEGR）, we calculate the thermodynamic quantities of four tetrads＇ spacetime reproducing Lense-Thirring （L... 详细信息

关键词： Euclidean continuation method thermodynamic quantities first law of thermodynamic,quantum statistical relation

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Five-dimensional teleparallel theory equivalent to general relativity,the axially symmetric solution,energy and spatial momentum

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Chinese Physics B 2011年第11期20卷 102-109页

作者： gamal G.L.Nashed Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAin Shams University

A theory of （4＋1）-dimensional gravity is developed on the basis of the teleparallel theory equivalent to general relativity. The fundamental gravitational field variables are the five-dimensional vector fields （pentad）, defined globally on a manifold M, and gravity is attributed to the torsion. The Lagrangian density is quadratic in the torsion tensor. We then give the exact five-dimensional solution. The solution is a generalization of the familiar Schwarzschild and Kerr solutions of the four-dimensional teleparallel equivalent of general relativity. We also use the definition of the gravitational energy to calculate the energy and the spatial momentum.

关键词： five-dimensional teleparallel equivalent of general relativity five-dimensional solution energy and spatial momentum

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Teleparallel equivalent theory of (1+1)-dimensional gravity

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第11期19卷 124-131页

作者： gamal G.L.Nashed Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Centre for Theoretical Physics The Bvitish University in EgyptEl-Sherouk CityMisr-Ismalia Desert RoadPostal No.11837P.O.Box 43Egypt

A theory of （1＋1）-dimensional gravity is constructed on the basis of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity. The fundamental field variables are the tetrad fields ei^μ and the gravity is attributed to the torsion. A dilatonic spherically symmetric exact solution of the gravitational field equations characterized by two parameters M and Q is derived. The energy associated with this solution is calculated using the two-dimensional gravitational energy- momentum formula.

关键词： teleparallel equivalent theory of (1+1)-dimensional gravity two-dimensional spherically symmetric dilatonic black hole energy

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Energy and momentum of general spherically symmetric frames on the regularizing teleparallelism

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第1期21卷 101-109页

作者： gamal G.L.Nashed Centre for Theoretical Physics The British University in EgyptEl-Sherouk City 11837Egypt Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAin Shams University

In the context of the covariant teleparallel framework, we use the 2-form translational momentum to compute the total energy of two general spherically symmetric frames. The first one is characterized by an arbitrary function H（r）, which preserves the spherical symmetry and reproduces all the previous solutions, while the other one is characterized by a parameter ξ which ensures the vanishing of the axial of trace of the torsion. We calculate the total energy by using two procedures, i.e., when the WeitzenbSck connection Гα^β is trivial, and show how H（r） and ξ play the role of an inertia that leads the total energy to be unphysical. Therefore, we take into account Гα^β and show that although the spacetimes we use contain an arbitrary function and one parameter, they have no effect on the form of the total energy and momentum as it should be.

关键词： gravitation teleparallel gravity energy-momentum conserved currents

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Brane world black holes in teleparallel theory equivalent to general relativity and their Killing vectors,energy,momentum and angular momentum

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第2期19卷 77-91页

作者： gamal G.L.Nashed Centre for Theoretical Physics The British University in EgyptEl-Sherouk CityMisr-Ismalia Desert Road Postal No.11837P.O.Box 43Egypt Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt

The energy--momentum tensor, which is coordinate-independent, is used to calculate energy, momentum and angular momentum of two different tetrad fields. Although, the two tetrad fields reproduce the same space--time their energies are different. Therefore, a regularized expression of the gravitational energy--momentum tensor of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity （TEGR）, is used to make the energies of the two tetrad fields equal. The definition of the gravitational energy--momentum is used to investigate the energy within the external event horizon. The components of angular momentum associated with these space--times are calculated. In spite of using a static space--time, we get a non-zero component of angular momentum! Therefore, we derive the Killing vectors associated with these space--times using the definition of the Lie derivative of a second rank tensor in the framework of the TEGR to make the picture more clear.

关键词： teleparallel equivalent of general relativity brane world black holes gravitational energy--momentum tensor regularized expression of the gravitational energy--momentum

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