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Changes in hepatic fibrosis and incidence of HCC following direct-acting antiviral treatment of F3 chronic hepatitis c patients:a prospective observational study

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Hepatoma Research 2022年第1期8卷 340-351页

作者： gamal shiha Reham Soliman Ayman AHassan Nabiel N.H.Mikhail Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital(ELRIAH) SherbinMansoura 35111Egypt Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit Internal Medicine DepartmentFaculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Tropical Medicine Department Faculty of MedicinePort Said UniversityPort Said 42526Egypt Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology Department South Egypt Cancer InstituteAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt

Aim:Studies of clinical outcomes in chronic hepatitis C(CHC)patients with pretreatment advanced liver fibrosis(F3)after sustained virologic response(SVR)are scarce,and most studies are of small cohorts and retrospective in *** aim was to assess the clinical outcomes following direct acting antiviral(DAA)treatment among hepatitis C F3 patients after ***:This study included 1517 chronic hepatitis C patients with F3 fibrosis receiving DAAs in the out-patient clinics at the Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital(ELRIAH).We included patients 18 years or older with HCV who received DAAs,have F3 by transient elastography,and have no history of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Patients were followed up every six months after end of treatment using ultrasonography and ***:Significant improvement of fibrosis occurred with decreases in LSM,FIB-4,APRI,and *** changes in LSM were categorized depending on delta LSM,873 patients(57.5%)showed regression,454(29.9%)were stable,and 190 patients(12.5%)showed progression of ***,33 cases developed HCC during follow-up with incidence rate of 0.915/100 py(95%CI:0.64-1.27).Incidence was high with progression of liver fibrosis(6.17/100 py)compared to patients with stable fibrosis(1.09/100 py)and regression of liver fibrosis(0.75/100 py).There were no significant differences as regards fibrosis indicators at baseline(LSM,FIB-4,APRI,and FIB-6)between those who developed HCC and those who did ***:CHC Patients with F3 fibrosis showed a high rate of regression of fibrosis and decreased HCC incidence after achieving SVR following DAAs.

关键词： HCC fibrosis changes F3 DAAs

Contemporary construction in historical sites:The missing factors

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第3期13卷 487-504页

作者： Sina Kamali Tabrizi Mohamed gamal Abdelmonem School of Architecture Design and the Built EnvironmentNottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK Department of Architecture and the Built Environment University of YorkYorkUK

Historical sites(HSs)are akin to living entities,and their existence is perpetuated through the erection of new buildings or *** HSs need sustainable development and new construction,as existing monuments fail to meet contemporary user *** the urgent demand,many new buildings within HSs have been constructed without considering the influencing factors on contextual value,built,and natural *** oversight has led to irreversible damage to their historical *** studies have independently explored interventions,construction,and development within ***,there is a conspicuous absence of comprehensive research that concurrently addresses these issues while preserving the intrinsic value of the *** study aims to identify the variables and factors contributing to the successful design and construction of new buildings within HSs,satisfying user needs,conserving contextual values,and achieving sustainability with the natural and built *** research employs a mixed-method approach,gathering raw data through literature reviews,case studies,and expert *** study population comprised 97 experts in architectural heritage conservation and sustainable *** factor analysis was utilized for data analysis,leading to the identification of influential *** study highlights the significance of the location,function,scale,form,material,skyline,viewpoint,accessibility,reversibility,topography,sustainability,technology,structural system,lifespan,and interior design in constructing new buildings within a ***,the design of new additions should adhere to five guiding principles:integrated design,volume design,green design,compatible design,and modern *** this context,the new structures will fulfill user needs,preserve or enhance contextual values,and harmonize with the built and natural environment.

关键词： New building Contemporary construction Historical sites Sustainable development Architectural heritage

Jellyfish-inspired alginate composite hydrogel filter prepared by macro-micro double bionic strategy for efficient water purification

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 141-157页

作者： Huiting Peng Yan Chen Jiaopan Lin Chelsea Benally Mohamed gamal El-Din Junkai Gao School of Naval Architecture and Marinetime Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada

Recently,research on hydrogel materials with a porous structure and superior water absorption capabilities significantly ***,the hydrogel under gravity-driven separation conditions often exhibit an unstable pore structure,poor mechanical properties,and limited *** this end,this work presents a novel approach that combines a macro-micro double bionic strategy with a triple crosslinking method to develop a multifunctional alginate composite hydrogel filter(2%-SA-κCG-PVA-Ca^(2+),2%-SKP-Ca^(2+)for short)with a stable pore structure and superior mechanical properties,which possessed an umbrella-shaped structure resembling that of *** 2%-SKPCa^(2+)filter was synthesized using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)as a stable structure-directing agent,and sodium alginate(SA)andκ-carrageenan(κ-CG)as polymer *** distinctive umbrellashaped hydrogel of 2%-SKP-Ca^(2+)filter,formed through the triple crosslinking method,overcomes the limitations of unstable pore structure and poor durability seen in hydrogels prepared by traditional crosslinking ***,the utilization of the 2%-SKP-Ca^(2+)filter in water treatment demonstrates its good selective permeability,excellent resistance to fouling,and extended longevity,which enables it to simultaneously achieve the multifunctional water purification and the coating of multi-substrate anti-fouling ***,not only does this research provide an efficient,multifunctional,highly pollution-resistant preparation method for designing a new filter,but it also confirms the application prospect of the macro-micro dual bionic strategy developed in this study in complex water treatment.

关键词： Triple crosslinking method Alginate Umbrella-shaped Jellyfish Water purification

Experimental and theoretical insight into carbamazepine degradation by chlorine-based advanced oxidation processes:Efficiency,energy consumption,mechanism and DBPs formation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 72-83页

作者： Chunwei Liu Zuo Tong How Yue Ju Li Feng Xuefeng Ren Mohamed gamal El-Din Key Laboratory ofCoal Processing and Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyChina University of Mining and TechnologyJiangsu 221116China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 1H9AlbertaCanada School of Environment and Spatial Informatics China University of Mining and TechnologyJiangsu 221116China Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation ofHainan Province School of Ecology and EnvironmentHainan UniversityHainan 570228China

Chlorine has been widely used in different advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)for micropollutants *** this study,different chlorine-based AOPs,namely medium pressure(MP)UV/chlorine,low pressure(LP)UV/chlorine,and in-situ chlorination,were compared for carbamazepine(CBZ)removal efficiency,energy consumption,and disinfection by-products(DBPs)*** three processes could achieve nearly 100%CBZ removal,while the reaction time needed by in-situ chlorination was double the time required by UV/chlorine *** energy consumed per magnitude of CBZ removed(EE/O)of MP UV/chlorine was 13 times higher than that of LP UV/chlorine,and relative to that of in-situ chlorination ***,MP and LP UV/chlorine processes generated one to two orders of magnitude more hydroxyl radicals(^(·)OH)and reactive chlorine species(RCS)than in-situ ***,RCS were the dominant reactive species,contributing to 78.3%,75.6%,and 71.6% of CBZ removal in MP,LP UV/chlorine,and in-situ chlorination,*** to the Gibbs free energy barriers between CBZ and RCS/^(·)OH calculated based on density functional theory(DFT),RCS had more reaction routes with CBZ and showed lower energy barrier in the main CBZ degradation pathways like epoxidation and formation of *** applied to secondary wastewater effluent,UV/chlorine and in-situ chlorination produced overall DBPs ranging from 104.77 to 135.41μg/***,the production of chlorate during UV/chlorine processes was 15 times higher than that during in-situ chlorination.

关键词： UV/chlorine In-situ chlorination Energy efficiency Role of reactive species DFT calculation Disinfection by-products

A statistical approach to enhance the productivity of Streptomyces baarensis MH-133 for bioactive compounds

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 196-208页

作者： Mohamed H.Kalaba gamal M.El-Sherbiny Osama M.Darwesh Saad A.Moghannem Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of Science(Boys)Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11884Egypt Agricultural Microbiology Department National Research CentreDokkiCairoEgypt

The goal of this study was to use statistical optimization to change the nutritional and environmental conditions so that Streptomyces baarensis MH-133 could make more active *** trials were used to screen for critical variables influencing productivity using the Placket-Burman Design *** MH-133 is significantly influenced by elicitation,yeast extract,inoculum size,and incubation period in terms of antibacterial activity.A total of 27 experimental trials with various combinations of these factors were used to carry out the response surface technique using the Box-Behnken *** analyses revealed that the model was highly significant(p<0.001),with a lack-of-fit of 0.212 and a coefficient determination(R2)of ***,the model predicted that the response as inhibition zone diameter would reach a value of 27 *** optimal conditions,*** MH-133 produced 18.0 g of crude extract to each 35L and was purified with column *** active fraction exhibiting antibacterial activity was characterized using spectroscopic *** MIC and MBC values varied between 37.5 and 300μg/ml and 75 and 300μg/ml,*** conclusion,the biostatistical optimization of the active fraction critical variables,including environmental and nutritional conditions,enhances the production of bioactive molecules by Streptomyces species.

关键词： S.baarensis MH-133 Placket-Burman designBox-Behnken design ESKAPE Antibacterial activity

Ultralong hydroxyapatite-based forward osmosis membrane for freshwater generation

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 37-49页

作者： Mohamed gamal Gomaa Hamdy Maamoun Abdel-Ghafar Francesco Galiano Francesca Russo Alberto Figoli El-Sayed Ali Abdel-Aal Abdel-Hakim Taha Kandil Bahaa Ahmed Salah Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute(CMRDI) 11421 CairoEgypt Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceHelwan University11795 CairoEgypt Institute on Membrane Technology(CNR-ITM) 87036 RendeItaly

Increasing global water shortages are accelerating the pace of membrane manufacturing,which generates many environmentally harmful *** challenges need a radical rethink of developing innovative membranes that can address freshwater production without generating environmentally harmful *** work utilized the synthesized ultra-long hydroxyapatite(UHA)by the solvothermal method using the green solvent oleic acid in preparing UHA-based forward osmosis *** membranes were developed using different loading ratios of graphene oxide(GO)by vacuum-assisted filtration *** prepared GO/UHA membranes were identified using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,and X-ray photoelectron *** contact angle and pore size distribution were determined for the obtained GO/UHA *** obtained hierarchical porous structure in the prepared membranes with interconnected channels results in a stable water flux with reverse salt *** best water flux rate of 42±2 L·m^(–2)·h^(–1)was achieved using the 50 mg GO/UHA membrane,which is 3.3 times higher than the pristine membrane,and a reverse salt flux of 67 g·m^(-2)·h^(–1).The obtained results showed a promising capability of a new generation of sustainable inorganic-based membranes that can be utilized in freshwater generation by energy-efficient techniques such as forward osmosis.

关键词： forward osmosis ultra-long hydroxyapatite graphene oxide inorganic-based membrane

Tendoscopic Surgery for Peroneal Tendons Instability: A Literature Review

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期14卷 139-148页

作者： Islam Mubark Amr Abouelela Mahmoud Elbakry Tarek El gamal Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Sheffield UK Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust Derby UK

Introduction: There has been a surge in the use of tendoscopic surgery for treating peroneal tendons instability. The novelty of this approach demanded a literature review of its indications, limitations, and clinical outcomes. Aim: a literature review of the clinical studies reporting on tendoscopic peroneal tendon stabilisation surgery along with its outcomes and complications. Methods: We carried out a comprehensive review of the literature up until September 2022 with an extensive search of the MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane library databases. Results: Initial search resulted in 66 articles. Four duplicate articles were removed. Further 30 articles were excluded after title and abstract screening. Eight studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Articles were analysed for outcomes and complications. Conclusion: The tendoscopic technique for peroneal tendon instability is an effective and safe surgical technique with very low failure rate. Levels of Evidence: Level IV.

关键词： Peroneal Tendons Instability Tendoscopy

Thin layers of Fe doped ZnO deposited by spin-coating for electrolysis and photodetector applications

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年

作者： Dikra BOURAS Mamoun FELLAH Regis BARILLE Amjad IQBAL Hamadi FOUZIA Obrosov ALEKSEI gamal A.EL-HITI Faculty of Science and Technology， University of Souk-Ahras Mechanical Engineering Department， ABBES Laghrour University Biomaterial， Synthesis and Tribology Research team， ABBES Laghrour-University MOLTECH-Anjou， Université d'Angers/UMR CNRS 6200 Department of Materials Technologies， Faculty of Materials Engineering， Silesian University of Technology Matter science department， ABBES Laghrour University Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg Department of Optometry， College of Applied Medical Sciences， King Saud University

ZnO is nowadays not only used as an additive for the copper and cement industry， but also in medicine and cosmetic industry as part of the substitute materials of choice for the field of new technologies such as renewable energy. This study aims to investigate the effect of iron concentration on the microstructural and structural properties of ZnO for Electrolysis and Photodetector Applications. The Thin layers of un-doped and doped ZnO with different percentages of Fe （2， 4， and 6 wt.%） were deposited by spin-coating on glass substrates. Sample characterization was done by X-ray diffraction （XRD）， Atomic force microscopy （AFM）， Scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）， UV-visible absorption spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. Structural measurements by XRD show that all the layers are polycrystalline with a hexagonal Wurtzite structure. Two new peaks were also discovered after the doping process （400） and （440） belonging to the Fe2O4crystal phase spectrum. Morphological analysis showed that the surface roughness values of ZnO layers ranged between 8 and 45 nm. XPS studies confirmed the presence of Fe in +3 states in ZnO layers. An average transmittance of 90% was measured by UV- in the wavelength range of 200-900 nm. The values of the energy gap （Eg） decreased with an increase in the concentration of Fe. AFM topography results confirmed that ZnO-based thin layers have a relatively uniform surface. The efficiency of these samples has been confirmed for their use in many electrical applications， including photodetectors and electrolysis of contaminated solutions.

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Agmatine ameliorates diabetes type 2-induced nephropathy in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第1期14卷 8-16页

作者： Fatemah O.Kamel Ohoud Shagroud Mai AAlim A.Sattar Ahmad gamal S Abd El-Aziz Abdulhadi S.Burzangi Duaa Bakhshwin Maha Jamal Shahid Karim Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Objective:To assess the nephroprotective potential of agmatine in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic ***:A single dose of streptozotocin(40 mg/kg)coupled with a fructose diet induced diabetes in Wistar ***(40 and 80 mg/kg)was administered to rats for 12 *** body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured *** level,urine output,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,and cystatin-C were also determined at the end of the ***,superoxide dismutase,glutathione,interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were evaluated in kidney *** study was also performed using hematoxylin and eosin ***:Agmatine at both doses significantly increased final body weight,and lowered fasting blood glucose,urine output,insulin,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,and cystatin-C levels compared with the diabetic group(P<0.05).Inflammatory markers and antioxidant effect were significantly improved in agmatine-treated ***,the histopathological changes in renal structure were ameliorated by agmatine ***:Agmatine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by improving renal functions and reducing inflammation and oxidative *** molecular mechanisms of its nephroprotective actions need to be investigated in future study.

关键词： Agmatine Type 2 diabetes Nephropathy Oxidative stress Nephroprotection