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Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Red and Yellow Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoaWilld.) Seeds as Affected by Baking and Cooking Conditions

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1150-1155页

作者： Yael Brend Liel galili Hana Badani Ran Hovav Shmuel galili Agronomy and Natural Resources Department Agricultural Research Organization The Volcani Center P.O. Box 6 Bet Dagan 50250 Israel

Seeds with colored testa (seed coat) contain high concentrations of polyphenolic compounds that exhibit high levels of antioxidant activity. Common processing procedures, such as cooking and baking, decrease the levels of these bioactive compounds and consequently, overall antioxidant activity. Here, the effects of baking and cooking processes were examined on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and ferric-reducing ability of plasma antioxidant activity (FRAP AA) of red and yellow quinoa seeds. Our results indicate that red quinoa seed contains significantly higher levels of TPC, TFC and FRAP AA than yellow quinoa seeds. In addition, cooked and baked quinoa seeds retain most of their TPC, TFC and FRAP AA in the final product. Thus, red quinoa seeds processed by these two methods might be considered a functional food, in addition to its traditional role of providing dietary proteins. Due to their high antioxidant activity, red quinoa seeds might also contribute significantly to the management and/or prevention of degenerative diseases associated with free radical damage.

关键词： Colored Quinoa Seeds Processing Total Phenolics Total Flavonoids FRAP

Effects of Baking, Roasting and Frying on Total Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activity in Colored Chickpea Seeds

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第3期3卷 369-376页

作者： Aharon Segev Hana Badani Liel galili Ran Hovav Yoram Kapulnik Ilan Shomer Shmuel galili Department of Agronomy and Natural Resources Agricultural Research Organization The Volcani Center Bet Dagan Israel Food Science Department Agricultural Research Organization The Volcani Center Bet Dagan Israel.

Chickpea lines with colored testa (seed coat) contain high levels of polyphenolic compounds that exhibit high levels of antioxidant activity. In a previous study, we showed that common processing procedures, such as soaking and cooking, decrease the levels of these bioactive compounds and subsequent overall antioxidant activity. The observed reduction in total phenolic content was due to the movement of polyphenols from the seed coat to the soaking or cooking water. Here, the effects of baking, roasting and frying processes were examined in relation to total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and ferric-reducing ability of plasma antioxidant activity (FRAP AA) of colored chickpea seeds. Baked, fried and roasted colored chickpea seeds had significantly higher levels of TPC, TFC and FRAP AA than regular cream- and beige-colored seeds subjected to the same treatments. In contrast to our previous results with soaking and cooking, baking, frying and roasting retained most of the TPC, TFC and FRAP AA in the final products. Thus, colored chickpeas subjected to these three processing methods might be considered a functional food in addition to its traditional role of providing dietary proteins.

关键词： Colored Chickpea Seed FRAP Processing Total Phenolics Total Flavonoids

Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Chickpea (CicerarietinumL.) as Affected by Soaking and Cooking Conditions

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第7期2卷 724-730页

作者： Aharon Segev Hana Badani Liel galili Ran Hovav Yoram Kapulnik Ilan Shomer Shmuel galili 不详

Chickpea lines with colored testa (seed coat) contain high levels of polyphenolic compounds that exhibit high levels of antioxidant activity. However, common processing procedures, such as soaking and cooking, may decrease the levels of these bioactive compounds and subsequent overall antioxidant activity. Here, the effects of soaking, cooking and steaming processes were examined in relation to total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and ferric reducing ability of plasma antioxidant activity (FRAP AA) of colored chickpea seeds. All processing steps significantly reduced TPC, TFC and FRAP AA in all of the tested chickpea seeds. Nevertheless, soaking the seeds at room temperature (for 22 h) resulted in a smaller decrease in TPC, TFC and FRAP AA than soaking at 60℃ (for 2 h). Moreover, steaming was superior to cooking in terms of conserving polyphenol and antioxidant activity. The observed reduction in TPC was mainly due to leaching of these compounds from the seed coat into the soaking or cooking water. Based on these results, we suggest that soaking at room temperature for 22 h followed by steaming for 1 h is the best method for retaining TPC, TFC and FRAP AA of colored chickpea.

关键词： Colored Chickpea Seeds FRAP Processing Total Phenolics Total Flavonoids

Selective recognition of PTRE1 transcripts mediated by protein-protein interaction between the m^(6)A reader ECT2 and PTRE1

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Plant Communications 2024年第11期5卷 144-156页

作者： Li Yang Bo Wang Duanmu Zhao Xuechun Li Yifei Qin Ning Ouyang Zhili Xiao Zhibing Zhang Gad galili Jiayang Li Hadas Peled-Zehavi Jian Wu Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-BioresourcesKey Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong ProvinceCollege of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education(MOE) Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 76100Israel State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China These authors contributed equally to this article

N^(6)-methyladenosine (m^(6)A) is a prevalent internal post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotic RNAs executed by m^(6)A-binding proteins known as “readers.” Our previous research demonstrated that the Arabidopsis m^(6)A reader ECT2 positively regulates transcript levels of the proteasome regulator PTRE1 and several 20S proteasome subunits, thereby enhancing 26S proteasome activity. However, mechanism underlying the selective recognition of m^(6)A targets by readers, such as ECT2, remains elusive. In this study, we further demonstrate that ECT2 physically interacts with PTRE1 and several 20S proteasome subunits. This interaction, which occurs on the ribosome, involves the N terminus of PTRE1, suggesting that ECT2 might bind to the nascent PTRE1 polypeptide. Deleting ECT2’s protein interaction domain impairs its mRNA-binding ability, whereas mutations in the m^(6)A-RNA-binding site do not affect protein-protein interactions. Moreover, introducing a novel protein-binding domain into ECT2 increases transcript levels of proteins interacting with this domain. Our findings indicate that interaction with the PTRE1 protein enhances ECT2’s binding to PTRE1 m^(6)A mRNAs during translation, thereby regulating PTRE1 mRNA levels.

关键词： ECT2 20S proteasome m^(6)A RNA protein interaction Arabidopsis

Combined Transcriptomics and Metabolomics of Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings Exposed to Exogenous GABA Suggest Its Role in Plants Is Predominantly Metabolic

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Molecular Plant 2014年第6期7卷 1065-1068页

作者： Albert Batushansky Menny Kirma Nicole Grillich David Toubiana Phuong Anh Pham Ilse Balbo Hillel Fromm Gad galili Alisdair R. Fernie Aaron Fait The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev84990 Sede Boqer Campus Israel Department of Plant Science Weizmann Institute of Science 76100 Rehovot Israel Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 114476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University 69978 Tel Aviv Israel

Dear Editor, y-Aminobutyric acid （GABA） is a non-protein amino acid （AA） metabolized via the GABA shunt; a three-enzyme pathway that includes glutamate decarboxylase （GAD）, GABA transaminases （GABA-T）, and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase （SSADH）（Bown and Shelp, 1997; Bouch~ and Fromm, 2004）. The majority of work on GABA, to date, has focused on its role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammals. In plants, however, due to its intermediate posi- tion between carbon （C） and nitrogen （N）, the metabolism of GABA has been suggested as a modulator of C-N balance （Fair et al., 2008）. In addition, the numerous observations of a rapid accumulation of GABA in response to （a）biotic stresses has prompted different hypotheses to be postu- lated on its role including a regulator of cytosolic pH and a herbivore deterrent （Bouche and Fromm, 2004; Roberts, 2007）. Additionally, a signaling role has been hypothesized in plants, though evidence remains elusive and the debate on the dual function of GABA as a signaling molecule and as a metabolite in plants remains ongoing. In the present work, we report changes in the metabolite and transcript profiles in Arabidopsis seedlings exposed to exogenous GABA. Liquid-grown seedlings were cultured under C and N limitation to reveal a possible role of GABA as either C or N substrate and to ascertain its influence on transcriptional programs.

关键词： GABA 代谢物拟南芥外源性转录组植物幼苗 γ-氨基丁酸

普通小麦核酮糖二磷酸羰化酶小亚基及其结合蛋白基因...

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农业科技译丛（杭州） 1991年第2期 25-29页

作者： galili 陆美琴

The Effects of Several Types of Induced Abiotic Stress on Cephalaria joppensisGermination under Controlled Conditions

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 1486-1499页

作者： Miriam Daklo-Keren Waffa Abu-Aklin Orit Cohen Valantina Berger Galina Sidan Aharon Bellalou Orit Amir-Segev Ran Hovav Shmuel galili Seed Laboratory Institute of Plant Sciences Agricultural Research Organization The Volcani Center Rishon Le Ziyyon Israel Vegetables & Field Crops Science Department Institute of Plant Sciences Agricultural Research Organization The Volcani Center Rishon Le Ziyyon Israel

The recently domesticated species, Cephalaria joppensis (CJ), is emerging as a new alternative forage crop in Israel. It has high biomass potential and nutritional values that are comparable to forage wheat. However, CJ emerges slowly under cold conditions, which hinders its development as a major winter crop. Additional tolerance for abiotic stress would improve its performance as a forage crop. We examined the effects of several abiotic factors (i.e., cold, salinity, drought and pH) on CJ germination under controlled conditions. The effect of temperature was studied by incubating seeds at different temperatures between 7°C and 35°C. The effects of salinity, osmotic potential and pH were tested by incubating seeds at different NaCl, PEG and pH levels, respectively. Temperature, salinity and osmotic potential significantly affected germination;whereas pH did not. Temperature did not affect the final proportion of germinated seeds, but did affect other germination-rate variables, indicating that germination rate might be the limiting factor under field conditions. Salinity also affected germination-rate variables, but not the proportion of seeds that germinated. Notably, CJ was found to be relatively resistant to high salt concentrations, with a 273 mM NaCl threshold for germination, indicating its potential as a relatively salt-tolerant forage crop. Both the proportion of germinated seeds and the germination rate were highly sensitive to the osmotic-potential treatments, indicating that drought resistance will remain the biggest challenge for CJ. This study provides baseline data for a rapid and efficient system for further screening for abiotic-stress tolerance among wild and cultivated lines of CJ.

关键词： Cephalaria joppensis Abiotic Stress Seed Germination

Linear all-optical signal processing using silicon micro-ring resonators

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2016年第3期9卷 362-376页

作者： Yunhong DING Haiyan OU Jing XU Meng XIONG Yi AN Hao HU Michael galili Abel Lorences RIESGO Jorge SEOANE Kresten YVIND Leif Katsuo OXENLOWE Xinliang ZHANG Dexiu HUANG Christophe PEUCHERET Department of Photonics Engineering Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden FOTON Laboratory CNRS UMR 6082 University of Rennes 1 ENSSAT 22300 Lannion France

Silicon micro-ring resonators （MRRs） are compact and versatile devices whose periodic frequency response can be exploited for a wide range of applications. In this paper, we review our recent work on linear all-optical signal processing applications using silicon MRRs as passive filters. We focus on applications such as modulation format conversion, differential phase-shift keying （DPSK） demodulation, modulation speed enhancement of directly modulated lasers （DMLs）, and monocycle pulse generation. The possibility to implement polarization diversity circuits, which reduce the polarization dependence of standard silicon MRRs, is illustrated on the particular example of DPSK demodulation.

关键词： linear all-optical signal processing micro-ring resonator (MRR) polarization diversity silicon-on-insulator (SOI)

Dual-polarization wavelength conversion of 16-QAM signals in a single silicon waveguide with a lateral p-i-n diode[Invited]

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Photonics Research 2018年第5期6卷 I0048-I0054页

作者： FRANCESCO DA Ros ANDRZEJ GAJDA ERIK LIEBIG EDSON P.DA SILVA ANNA PECZEK PETER D.GIROUARD ANDREAS MAI KLAUS PETERMANN LARS ZIMMERMANN MICHAEL galili LEIF K.OXENLOWE DTU Fotonik Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark IHP Im Technologiepark 2515236 Frankfurt(Oder)Germany IHP Solutions GmbH Im Technologiepark 2515236 Frankfurt(Oder)Germany Institut for Hochfrequenz-und Halbleiter-Systemtechnologien TU BerlinEinsteinufer 2510587 BerlinGermany AMETEK CTS Europe GmbH L unener StraBe 211-21259174 KamenGermany

A polarization-diversity loop with a silicon waveguide with a lateral p-i-n diode as a nonlinear medium is used to realize polarization insensitive four-wave mixing. Wavelength conversion of seven dual-polarization 16-quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) signals at 16 GBd is demonstrated with an optical signal-to-noise ratio penalty below 0.7 dB. High-quality converted signals are generated thanks to the low polarization dependence(≤0.5 dB) and the high conversion efficiency(CE) achievable. The strong Kerr nonlinearity in silicon and the decrease of detrimental free-carrier absorption due to the reverse-biased p-i-n diode are key in ensuring high CE levels.

关键词： Invited Dual-polarization wavelength conversion of 16-QAM signals in a single silicon waveguide with a lateral p-i-n diode QAM