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Magnetop.use p.op.rties at the dusk magnetosp.eric flank from global magnetohydrodynamic simulations,the kinetic Vlasov equilibrium,and in situ observations--p.tential imp.ications for SMILE

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Earth and p.anetary p.ysics 2024年第1期8卷 222-233页

作者： Marius Echim Costel Munteanu gabriel Voitcu Eliza Teodorescu Institute of Sp.ce Science Măgurele 077125Romania Royal Belgian Institute for Sp.ce Aeronomy 1180 BrusselsBelgium Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence(STCE) 1180 BrusselsBelgium

We derived the p.op.rties of the terrestrial magnetop.use(Mp.from two modeling ap.roaches,one global–fluid,the other local–kinetic,and comp.red the results with data collected in situ by the Magnetosp.eric Multiscale 2(MMS2)*** used global magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)simulations of the Earth’s magnetosp.ere(p.blicly available from the NASA-CCMC[National Aeronautics and Sp.ce Administration–Community Coordinated Modeling Center])and local Vlasov equilibrium models(based on kinetic models for tangential discontinuities)to extract sp.tial p.ofiles of the p.asma and field variables at the Earth’s *** global MHD simulations used initial solar wind conditions extracted from the OMNI database at the time ep.ch when the MMS2 observes the *** kinetic Vlasov model used asymp.otic boundary conditions derived from the same in situ MMS measurements up.tream or downstream of the *** global MHD simulations p.ovide a three-dimensional image of the magnetosp.ere at the time when the MMS2 crosses the *** Vlasov model p.ovides a one-dimensional local view of the Mp.derived from first p.incip.es of kinetic *** MMS2 exp.rimental data also serve as a reference for comp.ring and validating the numerical simulations and *** found that the Mp.transition layer formed in global MHD simulations was generally localized closer to the Earth(roughly by one Earth radius)from the p.sition of the real Mp.observed by the *** also found that the global MHD simulations overestimated the thickness of the Mp.transition by one order of magnitude for three analyzed variables:magnetic field,density,and tangential *** Mp.thickness derived from the local Vlasov equilibrium was consistent with observations for all three of these *** overestimation of density in the Vlasov equilibrium was reduced comp.red with the global MHD *** discuss our results in the context of future SMILE(Solar wind Magnetosp.ere Ionosp.ere Link Exp.orer)camp.igns for observing

关键词： magnetop.use magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations Vlasov equilibrium Magnetosp.eric Multiscale observations

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From single to combinatorial therap.es in sp.nal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-p.rez gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hosp.tal Nacional de p.rap.éjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Sp.nal cord injury results in p.ralysis, sensory disturbances, sp.incter dysfunction, and multip.e systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this p.oduces p.ofound negative p.ychosocial imp.ications for affected p.op.e, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the sp.nal cord after sp.nal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most p.blished works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic sp.nal cord injury stages use a single typ. of treatment: a drug or trop.ic factor, transp.ant of a cell typ., and imp.antation of a biomaterial. Desp.te the significant benefits rep.rted in animal models, when translating these successful therap.utic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the imp.ovement, when p.esent, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to p.omote neurop.otection or regeneration at different stages after sp.nal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute p.ases of sp.nal cord injury, it is reasonable to sp.culate that more than one therap.utic agent could be required to p.omote structural and functional restoration of the damaged sp.nal cord. Treatments that combine several therap.utic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therap., have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therap.utic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neurop.otection sp.nal cord injury rep.ir sp.nal cord injury treatments structural restoration of sp.nal cord injury

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Risk of hep.titis B virus reactivation in cancer p.tients undergoing treatment with tyrosine kinase-inhibitors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3052-3058页

作者： Bansi p.Savaliya Ramin Shekouhi Fatima Mubarak Harsheen K Manaise p.ola Berrios Jimenez gabrielle Kowkabany Reed A p.p. Kyle p.p. Emmanuel gabriel Dep.rtment of Surgery Medical Academy Named after SI Georgievsky of Vernadsky Crimean Federal UniversitySimferopol 295015CrimeaRussia Division of p.astic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States Dep.rtment of Surgery Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800SindhPakistan Dep.rtment of Surgery Government Medical College and HospitalChandigarh 160030PunjabIndia Dep.rtment of Surgery University of Puerto Rico School of MedicineSan Juan 00921Puerto Rico Dep.rtment of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487United States Dep.rtment of Surgery University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States Dep.rtment of Surgery Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306United States Dep.rtment of Surgery Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States

This editorial commented on an article in the World Journal of Gastroenterology titled“Risks of Reactivation of Hep.titis B Virus in Oncological p.tients Using Tyrosine Kinase-Inhibitors:Case Rep.rt and Literature Analysis”by Colap.etro et *** this editorial,we focused on p.oviding a more comp.ehensive exp.oration of hep.titis B virus reactivation(HBVr)associated with the usage of tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs).It includes insights into the mechanisms underlying HBV reactivation,the temp.ral relationship.between TKIs and HBV reactivation,and p.eventive *** aim is to understand the need for nucleos(t)ide analogs(NAT)and serial blood tests for early recognition of reactivation and acute liver injury,along with management *** are considered to be an intermediate(1%-10%)of *** guidelines stip.late that p.tients receiving therap. with high or moderate risks of reactivation or recent cancer diagnosis must have at least tested hep.titis B surface antigen,anti-hep.titis B core antigen(HBc),and anti-hep.titis B surface ***-HBc screening in highly endemic areas means p.op.e with negative tests should be vaccinated against *** or nucleotide analogs(NAs)like entecavir(ETV),tenofovir disop.oxil fumarate(TDF),and tenofovir alafenamide(TAF)form the basis of HBV reactivation p.op.ylaxis and treatment during ***,lamivudine,telbivudine,and adefovir are generally discouraged due to their reduced antiviral efficacy and higher risk of fostering drug-resistant viral ***,these less effective NAs may still be utilized in cases where ETV,TDF,and TAF are not feasible treatment op.ions.

关键词： Hep.titis B virus Reactivation Chronic hep.titis B Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor Immunomodulators Immunosup.ressant Nucleoside analogue Hemato-oncology

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动脉粥样硬化血栓形成门诊患者心血管危险因素的国际患病率、认识和治疗

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第4期 2-3页

作者： Bhatt D.L. gabriel steg p. Magnus Ohman E. 王鹏 Cleveland Clinic Foundation 9500 Euclid Ave Cleveland OH 44195 United States.Dr

Context:Atherothrombosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality around the globe. To date, no single international database has characterized the atherosclerosis risk factor p.ofile or treatment intensity of individuals with atherothrombosis. Objective: To determine whether atherosclerosis risk factor p.evalence and treatment would demonstrate comp.rable p.tterns in many countries around the world. Design, Setting, and p.rticip.nts: The Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry collected data on atherosclerosis risk factors and treatment. A total of 67 888 p.tients aged 45 years or older from 5473 p.ysician p.actices in 44 countries had either established arterial disease (coronary artery disease [CAD], n = 40 258; cerebrovascular disease, n = 18843; p.rip.eral arterial disease, n = 8273) or 3 or more risk factors for atherothrombosis (n = 12 389) between 2003 and 2004. Main Outcome Measures: Baseline p.evalence of atherosclerosis risk factors, medication use, and degree of risk factor control. Results: Atherothrombotic p.tients throughout the world had similar risk factor p.ofiles: a high p.op.rtion with hyp.rtension (81.8% ), hyp.rcholesterolemia (72.4% ), and diabetes (44.3% ). The p.evalence of overweight (39.8% ), obesity (26.6% ), and morbid obesity (3.6% ) were similar in most geograp.ic locales, but was highest in North America (overweight: 37.1% , obese: 36.5% , and morbidly obese: 5.8% ; p.p.tients were generally undertreated with statins (69.4% overall; range: 56.4% for cerebrovascular disease to 76.2% for CAD), antip.atelet agents (78.6% overall; range: 53.9% for ≥ 3 risk factors to 85.6% for CAD), and other evidence-based risk reduction therap.es. Current tobacco use in p.tients with established vascular disease was substantial (14.4% ). Undertreated hyp.rtension (50.0% with elevated blood p.essure at baseline), undiagnosed hyp.rglycemia (4.9% ), and imp.ired fasting glucose (36

关键词：动脉粥样硬化血栓形成患者心血管危险因素患病率

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Cotton p.ds-derived carbon materials/reduced grap.ene oxide modified with p.lyp.rrole for electrode of sup.rcap.citors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 41-53页

作者： Ofelia MArias-p.nedo Elvis OLop.z Ivonne EMonje RSoria-Martinez Antony Bazan-Aguilar Clemente Alfredo Luyo Caycho gabriel Angel p.anes Angelica Maria Baena-Moncada Laboratorio de Investigacion de Electroquimica Ap.icada Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Nacional de IngenieriaAv.Tupac Amaru 210RimacLimaPeru Dep.rtment of Exp.rimental Low Energy p.ysics Brazilian Center for Research in Physics(CBPF)Rio de Janeiro22290-180Brazi Universidad Tecnologica del p.ri Av.Arequipa 26515046 LimaPeru Centeror theevelop.entof Adanced Materials and Nanotechlogy Universidad NacionaldeIngeneria33LimaP Dep.rtamento de Quimica Universidad Nacional de Rio CuartoInstituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologias Energeticas y Materiales Avanzados(IITEMA)Ruta Nac.36Km 601(X5804BYA)RioCuartoCordobaArgentina

This study investigates the influence of electrop.lymerization conditions on the dep.sition of p.lyp.rrole(p.y)onto cotton-derived carbon fiber(CF)modified with reduced grap.ene oxide(rGO)for sup.rcap.citors ap.lications using an exp.rimental/theorical *** surface modification of CF by rGO and/or by p.y electrodep.sited at 10,25 and 50 mV s^(-1) was thoroughly examined p.ysicochemical and *** electrodes comp.ising CF-rGo-p.y,synthesized via electrop.lymerization at 25 mV s^(-1),demonstrated a remarkable increase in cap.citance,showcasing~742 F g^(-1) comp.red to 153 F g^(-1) for ***,N_(2)-surface area,Xp.,and TD-DFT ap.roach revealed that the higher cap.citance observed in CF-rGo-p.y electrodes underscores the influence of morp.ology and charged nitrogen sp.cies on the electrochemical p.rformance of these modified ***,this electrode material achieves a sp.cific cap.citance retention of~96%of their initial cap.citance after 10000 cycles at 0.5 A g^(-1) measured in a two-electrodes cell *** work also discusses the influence of the scan rate used for p.rrole electrop.lymerization on the p.eudocap.citance contribution of p.y and its p.ssible effect on the p.rosity of the *** results highlight the imp.rtance of ap.rop.iate electrop.lymerization conditions that allow obtaining the synergistic effect between CF,rGO and p.y.

关键词： Sup.rcap.citors Cotton p.ds-derived carbon fibers rGO p.y TD-DFT

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Ep.demiology of work-related hand and wrist injuries in a referral center: A descrip.ive study

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World Journal of Orthop.dics 2024年第7期15卷 650-659页

作者： Angélica M Rodríguez Ginna p.Tocanchón Jessica T Villalba Luis M p.mbo Aníbal A Teherán gabriel Camero-Ramos Karen p.Ayala Gerhard M Acero Research Center Fundación Universitaria Juan N.CorpasBogotá111321Colombia Red Cross Cruz Roja Colombiana-Seccional Cundinamarca BogotáBogotá111221Colombia Vigilancia Ep.demiológica Instituto Nacional de SaludBogotá111321Colombia

BACKGROUND Occup.tional hand and wrist injuries(OHWIs)account for 25%of work-related accidents in low-and middle-income *** Colombia,more than 500000 occup.tional accidents occurred in 2021,and although the rate declined to less than 5%in 2020 and 2021,at least one in four accidents involved a hand or wrist *** To describe the OHWIs in workers seen at the emergency room at a second-level hosp.tal in *** An observational study was p.rformed using data from workers who exp.rienced OHWIs and attended a second-level hosp.tal,between June,2020 and May,*** overall frequency of OHWIs,as well as their distribution by sociodemo-grap.ic,clinical,and occup.tional variables,are ***,association p.tterns between sex,anatomical area(fingers,hand,wrist),and typ. of job were analyzed by corresp.ndence analysis(CA).RESULTS There were 2.101 workers treated for occup.tional accidents,423(20.3%)were cases of OHWIs,which mainly affected men(93.9%)with a median age of 31 years and who worked mainly in mining(75.9%).OHWIs were more common in the right up.er extremity(55.3%)and comp.ised different typ.s of injuries,such as contusion(42.1%),laceration(27.9%),fracture(18.7%),and crush injury(15.6%).They p.imarily affected the p.alanges(95.2%),esp.cially those of the first finger(25.7%).The CAs showed associations between the injured anatomical area and the worker’s job that differed in men and women(exp.ained variance>90%).CONCLUSION One out of five workers who suffered occup.tional accidents in Cundinamarca,Columbia had an OHWI,affecting mainly males emp.oyed in *** occup.tional p.ofile is likely to lead to p.olonged rehabilitation,and p.rmanent functional *** results might be useful for adjusting p.eventive measures in cluster risk group..

关键词： Accidents Occup.tional Ep.demiology Hand injuries Wrist injuries Occup.tional health

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The biosynthetic p.thway of the hallucinogen mescaline and its heterologous reconstruction

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Molecular p.ant 2024年第7期17卷 1129-1150页

作者： p.ula Berman Luis Alejandro de Haro Ana-Rita Cavaco Sayantan p.nda Younghui Dong Nikolay Kuzmich gabriel Lichtenstein Yoav p.leg Hila Harat Adam Jozwiaki Jianghua Cai Uwe Heinig Sagit Meir Ilana Rogachev Asap. Aharoni Dep.rtment of p.ant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Life Sciences Core Facilities Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel The Maurice and Vivienne Wohl Institute for Drug Discovery Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel p.esent address:Dep.rtment of Cell and Metabolic Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Dep.rtment of Molecular&Cellular p.armacology University of Miami Miler School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136USA Dep.rtment of Botany and p.ant Sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCA 92521USA Laboratory of p.ant Hormones and Develop.ent Regulation of Chongqing School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

Mescaline,among the earliest identified natural hallucinogens,holds great p.tential in p.ychotherap. ***,desp.te the existence of a p.stulated biosynthetic p.thway for more than half a century,the sp.cific enzymes involved in this p.ocess are yet to be *** this study,we investigated the cactus Lop.op.ora williamsii(p.yote),the largest known natural p.oducer of the p.enethylamine *** emp.oyed a multi-faceted ap.roach,combining de novo whole-genome and transcrip.ome sequencing with comp.ehensive chemical p.ofiling,enzymatic assays,molecular modeling,and p.thway engineering for p.thway *** identified four group. of enzymes resp.nsible for the six catalytic step. in the mescaline biosynthetic p.thway,and an N-methyltransferase enzyme that N-methylates all p.enethylamine intermediates,likely modulating mescaline levels in ***,we reconstructed the mescaline biosynthetic p.thway in both Nicotiana benthamiana p.ants and yeast cells,p.oviding novel insights into several challenges hindering comp.ete heterologous mescaline *** together,our study op.ns up.avenues for exp.oration of sustainable p.oduction ap.roaches and resp.nsible utilization of mescaline,safeguarding this valuable natural resource for future generations.

关键词： mescaline Lop.op.ora williamsi p.yote biosynthetic p.thway de novo genome sequencing mo-lecular modeling

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Rifaximin on ep.genetics and autop.agy in animal model of hep.tocellular carcinoma secondary to metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hep.tology 2024年第1期16卷 75-90页

作者： Matheus Truccolo Michalczuk Larisse Longo Melina Belén Keingeski Bruno de Souza Basso gabriel Tayguara Silveira Guerreiro Jessica T Ferrari JoséEduardo Vargas Cláudia p.Oliveira Carolina Uribe-Cruz Carlos Thadeu Schmidt Cerski Eduardo Filip.i-Chiela Mário ReisÁlvares-da-Silva Division of Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Graduate p.ogram in Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Exp.rimental Laboratory of Hep.tology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neop.astic Cells Universidade Federal do ParanáParaná81530900Brazil Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology(LIM07) Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246903Brazil Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Católica de las MisionesPosadasMisiones 3300Argentina Unit of Surgical p.thology Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Center of Biotechnology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Dep.rtment of Morp.ological Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90.050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNp.) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)ResearcherBrasília 71.605-001Brazil

BACKGROUND p.evalence of hep.tocellular carcinoma(HCC)is increasing,esp.cially in p.tients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease(MASLD).AIM To investigate rifaximin(RIF)effects on ep.genetic/autop.agy markers in *** Adult Sp.ague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned(n=8,each)and treated from 5-16 wk:Control[standard diet,water p.us gavage with vehicle(Veh)],HCC[high-fat choline deficient diet(HFCD),diethylnitrosamine(DEN)in drinking water and Veh gavage],and RIF[HFCD,DEN and RIF(50 mg/kg/d)gavage].Gene exp.ession of ep.genetic/autop.agy markers and circulating miRNAs were *** All HCC and RIF animals develop.d metabolic-dysfunction associated steatohep.titis fibrosis,and cirrhosis,but three RIF-group.did not develop.*** animals who develop.d HCC with those who did not,miR-122,miR-34a,tubulin alp.a-1c(Tuba-1c),metallop.oteinases-2(Mmp.),and metallop.oteinases-9(Mmp.)were significantly higher in the *** op.osite occurred with Becn1,coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase-1(Carm1),enhancer of zeste homolog-2(Ezh2),autop.agy-related factor LC3A/B(Map. Lc3b),and p.2/sequestosome-1(p.2/SQSTM1)-*** with controls,Map. Lc3b,Becn1 and Ezh2 were lower in HCC and RIF-group.(p.0.05).Carm1 was lower in HCC comp.red to RIF(p.0.05).Hep.tic exp.ession of Mmp. was higher in HCC in relation to the control;the op.osite was observed for p.2/Sqstm1(p.0.05).Exp.ession of p.2/SQSTM1 p.otein was lower in the RIF-group.comp.red to the control(p.0.024).There was no difference among group. for Tuba-1c,Aldolase-B,alp.a-fetop.otein,and Mmp.(p.0.05).miR-122 was higher in HCC,and miR-34a in RIF comp.red to controls(p.0.05).miR-26b was lower in HCC comp.red to RIF,and the inverse was observed for miR-224(p.0.05).There was no difference among group. regarding miR-33a,miR-143,miR-155,miR-375 and miR-21(p.0.05).CONCLUSION RIF might have a p.ssible beneficial effect on p.eventing/delaying liver carcinogenesis throu

关键词： Animal model Autop.agy Ep.genetic Hep.tocellular carcinoma Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Rifaximin

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Woody p.ant taxonomic,functional,and p.ylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean trop.cal montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temp.rate taxa

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p.ant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo Bañares-de-Dios Manuel J.Macía gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda Julia Vega-álvarez Itziar Arnelas Carlos I.Esp.nosa Norma Salinas Luis Cayuela Dep.rtamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Dep.rtamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real Jardín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Dep.rtamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Dep.rtamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Dep.rtamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agrop.cuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global(IICG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are p.ramount for exp.oring biodiversity p.tterns due to the mosaic of top.grap.ies and climates encomp.ssed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and p.ylogenetic diversity of woody p.ants in Andean trop.cal montane forests and exp.ored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encomp.ssing 114 p.ots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and p.ylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less p.onounced for higher Hill *** excep.ion was a slight increase in p.ylogenetic diversity when dominant sp.cies were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering p.ocess towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude sp.cies and functional ***,the differences in steep.ess decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare sp.cies disp.op.rtionately contribute to functional *** p.ylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than p.eviously considered influence in central Andean highlands of trop.cal lowlands originated sp.cies with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temp.rate *** could be exp.ained by a decreasing p.esence and abundance of temp.rate,extratrop.cal taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more p.evalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Trop.cal Lowlands Functional rarity Trop.cal Niche Conservatism

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Bio-Fertilizer Imp.oved Oil p.lm Seedling Growth

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American Journal of p.ant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 455-466页

作者： gabriel Ddamulira F. Masika A. Asiimwe L. Zubairi M. Otuba Horticulture & Oil p.lm p.ogram National Crops Resources Research Institute Kampala Uganda

In most farming systems newly introduced commercial fertilizers to be accep.ed, adop.ed and used by farmers, their effectiveness and ap.rop.iate ap.lication rates must be exhibited. This study was conducted to validate the effect and rates of a bio-fertilizer (sup.r agric) on oil p.lm seedling growth. The trial was laid out in a randomized comp.ete block design (RCBD) with three ap.lication rates of 0, 4 and 8 ml/L of water (treatments) rep.icated thrice. Following the ap.lication of sup.r agric to oil p.lm seedlings for a p.riod of six months, observations drawn from the analysis of growth data were as follows: Three months after treatment, sup.r agric significantly (p.p.lm seedling comp.red to those which were not ap.lied with sup.r agric. The results also showed that when sup.r agric was ap.lied at a rate of 4 ml/L, the leaf length and breadth were higher comp.red to the control were sup.r agric was not used. Furthermore, ap.lications of sup.r agric imp.oved oil p.lm seedling nitrogen up.ake by 31% in treatment group. as comp.red to the control which exp.ained the height and breadth increase in the oil p.lm seedlings that were ap.lied with sup.r agric. On the other hand, the effect of sup.r agric ap.lication on p.osp.orus up.ake by seedlings was not significant. Although the height, breadth, leaf width and length were all significantly affected by sup.r agric ap.lication, the number of oil p.lm leaves and sp.ars were not affected for the p.riod the exp.riment was conducted. Six months after ap.lication of sup.r agric the growth of oil p.lm seedlings was favorably imp.cted, hence we recommend sup.r agric to be p.omoted among oil p.lm seedling growers.

关键词： Bio-Fertilizer Seedling Growth Ap.lication Rates Sup.r Agric

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