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Development of an instrument to measure patients' attitudes towards involuntary hospitalization

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第2期7卷 89-97页

作者： Adel gabriel Departments of Psychiatry and Community Health Sciences University of Calgary

AIM To construct and assess the psychometric properties of an instrument to measure patients' attitudes towards involuntary hospitalization. METHODS This is a two phase study. In the first phase, based on comprehensive literature review, a twenty one item scale to measure patients' attitudes to involuntary admission was constructed. Forensic and inpatient Psychiatrists, patients' advocates and legal experts(n = 15) were invited to participate in the validation process of the written instrument, by formally rating each item of the instrument for its relevancy in measuring patients' attitudes to involuntary admission. In the second phase of the project, the instrument was administered to a sample of eighty consecutive patients, who were admitted involuntarily to an acute psychiatric unit of a teaching hospital. All patients completed the constructed attitudes towards involuntary admission scale, and the client satisfaction questionnaire. RESULTS Responses from psychiatry and advocacy experts provided evidence for face and content validity for the constructed instrument. The internal consistency reliability of the instrument is 0.84(Chronbach' alpha), factor analysis resulted in three correlated, and theoretically meaningful factors. There was evidence for content, convergent, and concurrent *** A reliable twenty one item instrument scale to measure patients' attitudes to involuntary admission was developed. The developed instrument has high reliability, there is strong evidence for validity, and it takes ten minutes to complete.

关键词： Scales Mmeasurements Patients’attitudes Involuntary admission Psychiatric

Molecular complexity of visual mapping: a challenge for regenerating therapy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 382-389页

作者： Mara Medori Gonzalo Spelzini gabriel Scicolone CONICET–Universidad de Buenos Aires Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias“Prof.E.De Robertis”(IBCN)Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de MedicinaDepartamento de Biología CelularHistologíaEmbriología y GenéticaCiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina

Investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the development of topographically ordered connections in the central nervous system constitutes an important issue in neurobiology because these connections are the base of the central nervous system normal *** dominant model to study the development of topographic maps is the projection from the retinal ganglion cells to the optic tectum/*** expression pattern of Eph/ephrin system in opposing gradients both in the retina and the tectum,labels the local addresses on the target and gives specific sensitivities to growth cones according to their topographic origin in the *** rigid precision of normal retinotopic mapping has prompted the chemoaffinity hypothesis,positing axonal targeting to be based on fixed biochemical affinities between fibers and ***,several lines of evidence have shown that the mapping can adjust to experimentally modified targets with flexibility,demonstrating the robustness of the guidance *** we discuss the complex ways the Ephs and ephrins interact allowing to understand how the retinotectal mapping is a precise but also a flexible process.

关键词： axon growth axon guidance development Eph and ephrin mapping regeneration retinal ganglion cells retino-tectal system

Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of Floscopa scandens Lour

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2020年第3期40卷 473-483页

作者： Anto Suganya Regis Jeya Jothi gabriel Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology Loyola CollegeNungambakkamChennai-600034Tamil NaduIndia

OBJECTIVE: To explore the total phenolic and flavonoid content, enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidant properties, anti-inflammation and anticancer activities of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Floscopa scandens(F. scandens).METHODS: Non-enzymatic antioxidant activity was examined by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, nitric oxide scavenging assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, superoxide scavenging assay and metal chelating assay. Enzymatic antioxidant ability was screened for the antioxidant enzymes such as ascorbate oxidase, peroxidase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase. The anti-inflammatory property was proved with the inhibition of protein denaturation and protease inhibitory assays. In vitro anticancer activity was assessed by cell viability ***: Methanol extract contained high amount of phenols(198.41 mg catechol equivalent/gram extract) and flavonoids(101.70 mg quercetin equivalent/gram extract) showed higher activity than hexane and ethyl acetate extracts in all experiments. Fresh plant showed considerable enzymatic antioxidant ***: The results revealed that the methanol extracts of F. scandens could be used as a potential source of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer bioactive compounds.

关键词： Anti-inflammatory agents Antineoplastic agents Antioxidant Floscopa scandens

Investigation of factors influencing roof stability at a Western *** coal mine

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第1期29卷 139-143页

作者： Meriel Young gabriel Walton Elizabeth Holley Department.Geology&Geol.Engineering Colorado School of Mines Department Mining Engineering Colorado School of Mines

The coal mine roof rating(CMRR) was developed to bridge the gap between geological variation in underground coal mines and engineering design. The CMRR accounts for the compressive strength of the immediate roof, the shear strength and intensity of any discontinuities present, and the moisture sensitivity of the immediate roof. The CMRR has been widely used and validated in Eastern US coal mines, but it has seen limited application in the Western US. This study focuses on roof behavior at a Western coal mine(Mine A). Mine A shows significant lateral geological variation, along with localized faulting and a laterally extensive sandstone channel network. The CMRR is not used to predict roof instability at the mine. It is, therefore, hypothesized that there are other factors that are correlated with roof instability in underground coal mines that could potentially also be considered in conjunction with the *** hypothesis was tested by collecting 30 CMRR measurements at Mine A. At each measurement location, a binary record of the roof condition(stable or unstable) was made, and other parameters such as depth of cover, presence of faulting, and sandstone channels were also recorded. ANOVA tests showed that the CMRR values and the roof conditions were not strongly correlated, indicating that the CMRR input criteria are not fully predictive of roof stability at this mine. The CMRR values showed statistically significant correlations(p less than 0.05) with faulting as well as with location at an intersection. For areas that had previously experienced roof fall but were currently stable, faulting was correlated with roof condition(p less than 0.05) only when the condition was classified as unstable.

关键词： Coal mine roof stability CMRR Western U.S.coal Case study

Diffusion tensor imaging as a tool to detect presymptomatic axonal degeneration in a preclinical spinal cord model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第3期13卷 425-426页

作者： Rodolfo gabriel Gatto Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Illinois at Chicago

The G93A-SOD1 mice model and MRI diffusion as a preclinical tool to study amyotrophic lateral sclerosis （ALS）： ALS is a progressive neurological disease characterized primarily by the development of limb paralysis, which eventually leads to lack of control on muscles under voluntary control and death within 3–5 years. Genetic heterogeneity and environmental factors play a critical role in the rate of disease progression and patients display faster declines once the symptoms have manifested. Since its original discovery, ALS has been associated with pathological alterations in motor neurons located in the spinal cord （SC）, where neuronal loss by a mutation in the protein superoxide dismutase in parenthesis （mSOD1） and impairment in axonal connectivity, have been linked to early functional impairments. In addition,mechanisms of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy have been also implicated in the development of this disease. Among different animal models developed to study ALS, the transgenic G93A-SOD1 mouse has become recognized as a benchmark model for preclinical screening of ALS therapies. Furthermore, the progressive alterations in the locomotor phenotype expressed in this model closely resemble the progressive lower limb dysfunction of ALS patients. Among other imaging tools, MR diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） has emerged as a crucial, noninvasive and real time neuroimaging tool to gather information in ALS. One of the current concerns with the use of DTI is the lack of biological validation of the microstructural information given by this technique. Although clinical studies using DTI can provide a remarkable insight on the targets of neurodegeneration and disease course,they lack histological correlations. To address these shortcomings, preclinical models can be designed to validate the microstructural information unveiled by this particular MRI technique. Thus, the scope of this review is to describe how MRI diffusion and optical microscopy

关键词： ALS Diffusion tensor imaging as a tool to detect presymptomatic axonal degeneration in a preclinical spinal cord model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

TWO-PHASE FLOW PATTERNS IN A 90° BEND AT MICROGRAVITY

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2004年第3期20卷 206-211页

作者：赵建福 K.S.gabriel National Microgravity Laboratory Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijin9 100080China Microgravity Research Group College of EngineeringUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSTN-SA9Canada

Bends are widely used in pipelines carrying single-and two-phase fluids in both ground and space *** particular,they play more important role in space applications due to the extreme spatial *** the present study,a set of experimental data of two-phase flow patterns and their transitions in a 90°bend with inner diameter of 12.7 mm and curvature radius of 76.5 mm at microgravity conditions are *** and liquid superficial velocities are found to range from (1.0～23.6)m/s for gas and(0.09～0.5)m/s for liquid,*** major flow patterns, namely slug,slug-annular transitional,and annular flows,are observed in this *** on the differences between flow patterns in bends and their counterparts in straight pipes,detailed analyses of their characteristics are *** transitions between adjoining flow patterns are found to be more or less the same as those in straight pipes,and can be predicted using Weber number models satisfactorily. The reasons for such agreement are carefully examined.

关键词： two-phase flow flow patterns 90°bend microgravity

Numerical modeling of cracking pattern's influence on the dynamic response of thickened tailings disposals: a periodic approach

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2018年第1期17卷 179-190页

作者： gabriel Ferrer Esteban Sáez Christian Ledezma School of Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile National Research Center for Integrated Natural Disaster Management

Copper production is an essential component of the Chilean economy. During the extraction process of copper, large quantities of waste materials（tailings） are produced, which are typically stored in large tailing ponds. Thickened Tailings Disposal（TTD） is an alternative to conventional tailings ponds. In TTD, a considerable amount of water is extracted from the tailings before their deposition. Once a thickened tailings layer is deposited, it loses water and it shrinks, forming a relatively regular structure of tailings blocks with vertical cracks in between, which are then filled up with ＂fresh＂ tailings once the new upper layer is deposited. The dynamic response of a representative column of this complex structure made out of tailings blocks with softer material in between was analyzed using a periodic half-space finite element model. The tailings＇ behavior was modeled using an elasto-plastic multi-yielding constitutive model, and Chilean earthquake records were used for the seismic analyses. Special attention was given to the liquefaction potential evaluation of TTD.

关键词： Thickened tailings Liquefaction Periodic modeling

Design of an Active Flexible Spine for Wall Climbing Robot Using Pneumatic Soft Actuators

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第2期20卷 530-542页

作者： Guangming Chen Tao Lin gabriel Lodewijks Aihong Ji Lab of Locomotion Bioinspiration and Intelligent Robots College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics29 Yudao StreetNanjing210016China School of Engineering College of EngineeringScience&EnvironmentUniversity of NewcastleCallaghan CampusUniversity DriveCallaghanNSW2308Australia

Wall climbing robots can be used to undertake missions in many unstructured ***,current wall climbing robots have mobility difficulties such as in the turning or *** of the main reasons for the limitations is the poor flexibility of the *** robotic technology can actively enable structure deformation and stiffness varations,which provides a solution for the design of active flexible *** research utilizes pneumatic soft actuators to design a flexible spine with the abilities of actively bending and twisting by each *** bending and torsion moment equilibriums,respectively,from air pressure to material deformations,the bending and twisting models for a single actuator with respect to different pressure are *** theoretical models are verified by finite-element method simulations and experimental *** addition,the bending and twisiting motions of single joint and whole spine are analytically *** results show that the bionic spine can perform desired deformations in accordance with the applied pressure on specified *** variations of the stiffness are also numerically ***,the effectiveness of the bionic flexible spine for actively producing sequenced motions as biological spine is experimentally *** work demonstrated that the peneumatic spine is potential to improve the spine flexibility of wall climbing robot.

关键词： Active spine Bionic design Soft robot Gecko locomotion Finite-element modeling

Determinants of inspiratory muscle function in healthy children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 183-188页

作者： Theodore Dassios gabriel Dimitriou Department of Child Health King's College Hospital Department of Paediatrics University of Patras Medical School

Background: Children are affected by disorders that have an impact on the respiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle function can be assessed by means of the noninvasive tension–time index of the inspiratory muscles(TTImus). Our objectives were to identify the determinants of TTImus in healthy children and to report normal values of TTImus in this ***: We measured weight, height, upper arm muscle area(UAMA), and TTImusin 96 children aged 6–18 years. The level and frequency of aerobic activity was assessed by ***: TTImuswas significantly lower in male subjects(0.095 ± 0.038, mean ± SD) compared with female subjects(0.126 ± 0.056)(p = 0.002).TTImus was significantly lower in regularly exercising(0.093 ± 0.040) compared with nonexercising subjects(0.130 ± 0.053)(p < 0.001). TTImus was significantly negatively related to age(r =-0.239, p = 0.019), weight(r =-0.214, p = 0.037), height(r =-0.355, p < 0.001), and UAMA(r =-0.222, p = 0.030). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that height and aerobic exercise were significantly related to TTImus independently of age, weight, and UAMA. The predictive regression equation for TTImus in male subjects was TTImus = 0.228-0.001 × height(cm), and in female subjects it was TTImus = 0.320-0.001 × height(cm).Conclusion: Gender, age, anthropometry, skeletal muscularity, and aerobic exercise are significantly associated with indices of inspiratory muscle function in children. Normal values of TTImus in healthy children are reported.

关键词： Aerobic exercise Children Inspiratory muscle function Maximal inspiratory pressure Skeletal muscle function Tension-time index of the inspiratory muscles