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Photoionisation detection of a single Er3+ ion with sub-100-ns time resolution

National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 38-45页

作者： Yangbo Zhang Wenda Fan Jiliang Yang Hao guan Qi Zhang Xi Qin changkui Duan gabriele g.de Boo Brett c.Johnson Jeffrey c.Mc callum Matthew J.Sellars Sven Rogge chunming Yin Jiangfeng Du cAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China cAS center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China centre of Excellence for Quantum computation and communication Technology School of Physics University of New South Wales centre of Excellence for Quantum computation and communication Technology School of Engineering RMIT University centre of Excellence for Quantum computation and communication Technology School of Physics University of Melbourne centre of Excellence for Quantum computation and communication Technology Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University

Efficient detection of single optical centres in solids is essential for quantum information processing, sensing and single-photon generation *** this work,we use radio-frequency（RF） reflectometry to electrically detect the photoionisation induced by a single Er3+ion in *** high bandwidth and sensitivity of the RF reflectometry provide sub-100-ns time resolution for the photoionisation *** this technique,the optically excited state lifetime of a single Er3+ion in a Si nano-transistor is measured for the first time to be 0.49±0.04μ*** results demonstrate an efficient approach for detecting a charge state change induced by Er excitation and *** approach could be used for fast readout of other single optical centres in solids and is attractive for large-scale integrated optical quantum systems thanks to the multi-channel RF reflectometry demonstrated with frequency multiplexing techniques.

关键词： single optical centres erbium ions RF reflectometry photoionisation detection

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Shell-model representations of the microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson collective model

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第8期76卷 79-90页

作者： H g ganev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research DubnaRussia Institute of Mechanics Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria

The structure of the irreducible collective spaces of the group Sp(12,R),which many-particle nuclear states are classified according to the chain Sp(12,R)⊃U(6)⊃SO(6)⊃SU_(pn)(3)⊗SO(2)⊃SO(3)of the proton-neutron symplectic model(PNSM),is considered in *** chain of the PNSM was recently shown to correspond to a microscopic shell-model version of the Bohr-Mottelson collective *** construction of the relevant shell-model representations of the Sp(12,R)group along this chain is considered for three nuclei with varying collective properties and from different mass *** is shown that the SU_(pn)(3)basis states of the Sp(12,R)representations belonging to the SO(6)irreps with seniorityυ≥υ0,withυ0 denoting the maximal seniority SO(6)irrep contained in the Sp(12,R)bandhead,are always Pauli allowed,but organized in a different way into different SO(6)*** is in contrast to the case of filling the levels of the standard three-dimensional harmonic oscillator and using the plethysm *** the SU_(pn)(3)multiplets withinυcard *** results obtained in the present work are important for the practical application of the microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson collective model.

关键词： microscopic shell-model version of the Bohr-Mottelson model proton-neutron symplectic model Sp(12,R)dynamical algebra shell-model representations

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A Preliminary comparative Study on the centering Algorithms for cassiniISS NAc Images

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 58-65页

作者： T.Liang Q.-F.Zhang g.-M.Liu W.-H.Zhu c.-S.Wang Department of computer Science Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Astrometry Dynamics and Space ScienceJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of computer Science Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou 510303China

Obtaining high precision is an important consideration for astrometric studies using images from the Narrow Angle camera(NAc)of the cassini Imaging Science Subsystem(ISS).Selecting the best centering algorithm is key to enhancing astrometric *** this study,we compared the accuracy of five centering algorithms:gaussian fitting,the modified moments method,and three point-spread function(PSF)fitting methods(effective PSF(ePSF),PSFEx,and extended PSF(x PSF)from the cassini Imaging central Laboratory for Operations(cIcLOPS)).We assessed these algorithms using 70 ISS NAc star field images taken with cL1 and cL2 filters across different stellar *** ePSF method consistently demonstrated the highest accuracy,achieving precision below 0.03 pixels for stars of magnitude *** to the previously considered best,the modified moments method,the e PSF method improved overall accuracy by about 10%and 21%in the sample and line directions,***,the xPSF model provided by cIcLOPS had lower precision than the ***,the ePSF exhibits an improvement in measurement precision of 23%and 17%in the sample and line directions,respectively,over the *** discrepancy might be attributed to the xPSF focusing on photometry rather than *** findings highlight the necessity of constructing PSF models specifically tailored for astrometric purposes in NAc images and provide guidance for enhancing astrometric measurements using these ISS NAc images.

关键词： methods:analytical techniques:image processing stars:imaging astrometry

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Harmonics in the Squirrel cage Induction Motor Analytic calculation Part III: Influence on the Torque-speed characteristic

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cES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2024年第1期8卷 86-102页

作者： g.Kovács the ganz Electric Works BudapestHungary

The harmonics that appear in the squirrel cage asynchronous machine have been discussed in great detail in the literature for a long time. However, the systematization of the phenomenon is still pending, so we made an attempt to fill this gap in the previous parts of our study by elaborating formulas for calculation of parasitic torques. It was a general demand among those who work in this field towards the author to verify his formulas with measurements. In the literature, it seems,only one detailed, purposeful series of measurements has been published so far, the purpose of which was to investigate the effect of the number of rotor slots on the torque-speed characteristic curve of the machine. The main goal of this study is to verify the correctness of the formulas by comparing them with the referred series of measurements. Relying on this, the expected synchronous parasitic torques were developed for the frequently used rotor slot numbers-as a design guide for the ***, together with our complete table for radial magnetic pull published in our previous work, the designer has all the principles, data and formulas available for the right number of rotor slots for his given machine and for the drive system. This brings this series of papers to an end.

关键词： Asynchronous parasitic torques Induction motor Squirrel cage rotor Space harmonics Synchronous parasitic torques

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Degradation and resynthesis of chlorophyll during increased oxidative stress and prolonged darkness differ between annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)

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Oil crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon J. Nisbett Abida Alokozai Su Hyun Elizabeth Ko g. Adam Mott Jason c.L. Browna Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Department of cell&Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada centre for the Analysis of genome Evolution&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Among plants,there is considerable variation in lifespan:annuals live less than one year,whereas perennials live for several years,with the longest-living perennial having survived 43,600 *** proposed by the Disposable Soma Theory,this lifespan variation among plants likely reflects differential investment of limited energy and nutrient resources,with perennials investing more energy and nutrients into biomolecular maintenance compared to annuals in order to ensure persistence over multiple *** differential investment may be particularly important during periods of exogenous stress,which are known to accelerate biomolecular *** present study evaluated this hypothesis using annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)subjected to two exogenous stressors—increased oxidative stress(i.e.,foliar H2O2spraying)and complete prolonged *** chlorophyll has been shown to exhibit degradation in response to changes in environmental conditions,we utilized changes in chlorophyll levels during and after periods of exogenous stress to evaluate our *** predicted that i)perennials would exhibit a slower rate of chlorophyll degradation during exposure to exogenous stressors compared to annuals,and ii)perennials would exhibit a faster rate of chlorophyll resynthesis following such exposure compared to *** levels before,during,and after exposure to both exogenous stressors were measured in two separate trails,once using image colour analysis and once using *** chlorophyll degradation rates in response to oxidative stress did not differ between annuals and perennials,contrary to our predictions,chlorophyll resynthesis rates following such exposure were significantly higher in perennials,as *** plants were subjected to complete prolonged darkness,chlorophyll degradation rates were significantly lower in perennials than annuals,as predicted;however,when plants were subsequently reintroduced to natural photoperiod,ch

关键词： Ageing Life history Maximum lifespan Oxidative stress Somatic maintenance

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Neuroimaging in atypical normal tension glaucoma:debating routine implementation in the absence of classic neurological findings

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 509-517页

作者： Umay güvenç gülizar Demirok güner Üney Selma Uzman Ophthalmology Department Ankara Training and Research HospitalAnkara 06230Turkey

●AIM:To assess the necessity of neuroimaging in patients with neurological or atypical findings of normal tension glaucoma(NTg)who do not exhibit typical glaucoma manifestations.●METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 90 atypical NTg patients who underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)due to atypical *** demographic characteristics,clinical parameters,and radiological findings were recorded.●RESULTS:Among the patients,66.7%had abnormal radiology results,with the most common findings being gliosis(34.4%),sequelae of cerebrovascular events and vascular malformations(14.4%),and benign intracranial mass lesions(11%).Non-glaucomatous visual field defects were more frequently observed in patients with abnormal neuroimaging ***,there were no significant differences in intraocular pressure,optic disc parameters,retinal nerve fiber layer thickness,and visual field indices between patients with normal and abnormal radiological *** mean age of the patients was ***,there was a significant age difference,with the abnormal radiology group having a higher median age(P=0.021).●cONcLUSION:The study highlights the importance of cranial imaging in older NTg patients to detect underlying pathologies and prevent *** suggests that neuroimaging may be warranted in NTg patients with atypical visual field defects incompatible with ***,routine neuroimaging in all NTg patients without classic neurological signs may not be necessary.

关键词： normal tension glaucoma neuroimaging atypical visual field defects

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Liquid crystal immunosensors for the selective detection of Escherichia coli with a fast analysis tool

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1564-1573页

作者： SANDRO c.OLIVEIRA MARIA S.SOARES BÁRBARA V.gONÇALVES ANDREIA c.M.RODRIgUES AMADEU M.V.M.SOARES RITA g.SOBRAL NUNO F.SANTOS JAN NEDOMA PEDRO L.ALMEIDA cARLOS MARQUES cIcEcO-Aveiro Institute of Materials Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal i3N Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal cESAM-centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Department of Telecommunications VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic i3N-cENIMAT School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal UnIRE ISELPolytechnic Institute of Lisbon1549-020 LisbonPortugal Department of Physics VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The consumption of contaminated food may cause serious illnesses,and traditional methods to detect Escherichia coli are still associated with long waiting times and high costs given the necessity to transport samples to specialized *** is a need to develop new technologies that allow cheap,fast,and direct monitoring at the site of ***,in this work,we developed optical immunosensors for the selective detection of ***,based on liquid crystal technology,whose molecules can align in different manners depending on the boundary conditions (such as substrates) as well as the environment that they *** glass substrate was functionalized with *** antibody using cysteamine as an intermediate,and a vertical alignment was imposed on the liquid crystal molecules by using DMOAP during *** presence of bacteria disrupts the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules,changing the intensity of light emerging between cross polarizers,measured using a polarized optical microscope and a *** was possible to detect *** in suspensions in the concentration range from 2.8 cells/mL to 2.8×10^(9) cells∕*** was also evaluated,and the sensors were used to analyze contaminated water samples.A prototype was developed to allow faster,in-situ,and easier analysis avoiding bulky instruments.

关键词： crystal alignment analysis

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combustion characteristics of low-quality lignite for different bed material sphericities in a circulating fluidized bed boiler:A numerical study

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 364-382页

作者： Barış gürel gülşah Karaca Dolgun Osman İpek Ali Keçebaş Department of Mechanical Engineering Engineering FacultySüleyman Demirel UniversityÇünürIspartaTurkey Department of Energy Systems Engineering Technology FacultyMuğla SıtkıKoçman UniversityKötekliMenteşeMuğlaTurkey

This study delves into the combustion behavior of various lignite types within a circulating fluidized bed boiler(cFBB),with a primary focus on the impact of different bed material sphericity ratios(0.5,0.7,and 0.9).Utilizing bed material with a sphericity ratio of 0.9 sourced from theÇan power plant and verified through experimentation,the research reveals several key ***,furnace temperatures tended to rise with higher sphericity ratios,albeit with variations between lignite types,particularly highlighting the complexity of this relationship in the case of gLI-Tunçbilek *** levels in the combustion chamber remained consistent across different sphericity ratios,indicating minimal influence on pressure *** combustion efficiency,especially at the bottom of the boiler,was observed at lower sphericity levels(0.5 and 0.7)forÇan lignite,as reflected in cO_(2) mole *** NO_(x) emissions generally decreased with lower sphericity,the sensitivity to sphericity varied by lignite type,with Ilgın lignite showcasing low NO_(x) but high SO_(2) emissions,underscoring the intricate interplay between lignite properties,sphericity,and ***,this study advances our understanding of cFBB combustion dynamics,offering insights valuable for optimizing performance and emissions control,particularly in lignite-based power.

关键词： circulating fluidized bed boiler computational particle fluid dynamics method Particle sphericity ratios NO_(x)and SO_(2)emissions Energy production efficiency

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Approach for c_(1)to c_(2)products commencing from carbon dioxide:A brief review

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Petroleum 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： g.R.Dey Radiation and Photochemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India Homi Bhabha National Institute AnushaktinagarMumbai 400094India

The carbon dioxide(cO_(2))conversion to useable compounds remains a great contest to scientists,engineers,and environmentalists with regard to the reverse of the oxidative degradation of *** conversion is essential for the development of complementary fuels and raw materials for various industries,which in turn will help in avoiding the drastic increase in tropospheric temperature due to greenhouse effect leading to global *** solar energy is the earth's essential power source along with the other various forms of energy for example fossil fuels,hydropower,wind,and biomaterials,*** final goal is to establish the artificial photosynthesis,which can be replicated thru various chemical reduction techniques of cO_(2)by employing appropriate photo-,thermal-and electro-catalysts in order to produce different one carbon atom(c_(1))and higher carbon atoms containing ***,the utilization of clean and sustainable cO_(2)towards high-value products is of great interest today due to the recognized environmental worries and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the energy demand of *** way,solar energy can directly and/or indirectly be altered and stored in chemical energy form for industrial as well as societal *** this article our endeavor is to summarize the advances in cO_(2)chemical reduction research area till date especially in free radical-based methods such as electrochemical,photochemical and plasma chemical for the development of carbon species up to two carbon(c_(2))atoms containing products perceived in the chemical reduction of cO_(2).The author hopes that this piece of work will be helpful to researchers and readers who are focused on the field of cO_(2).

关键词： Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis Plasmolysis Thermolysis carbon dioxide chemical reduction

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Nanozyme catalysis in a crowded environment:The impact of diffusion and surface shielding

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5795-5800页

作者： Vasily g.Panferov Juewen Liu Department of chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Nanozymes are widely used in various applications as nanosized catalysts for replacing *** accurate estimation of the catalytic activity of nanozymes in real conditions is *** this article,for the first time,we systematically studied the effect of macromolecular molecules co-existing in the real system on the oxidoreductase(peroxidase,oxidase,and catalase)-mimicking nanozymes made of a gold nanoparticle core and a platinum shell,Prussian Blue,Mn_(2)O_(3) and coO *** were made with horseradish *** distinguished two main mechanisms of the negative impact of macromolecules on nanozyme catalysis—slowed diffusion and surface shielding of *** the first mechanism is typical for enzymes,the second one is specific only for *** the mechanisms is essential for developing approaches to reduce the unavoidable impact of macromolecules for various analytical and biomedical applications.

关键词： molecular crowding biosensors nanoparticles

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