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The Influence of Biological Maturity on Dynamic Force-Time Variables and Vaulting Performance in Young Female gymnasts

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第4期2卷 319-329页

作者： Sylvia Moeskops Jon L.Oliver Paul J.Read John B.Cronin gregory D.Myer g.gregory haff Isabel S.Moore Rhodri S.Lloyd Youth Physical Development Centre Cardiff School of Sport and Health SciencesCardiff Metropolitan UniversityCyncoed CampusCyncoed RoadCardiffCF52YBUK Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand(SPRINZ) AUT UniversityAuckland 1142New Zealand Centre for Sport Science and Human Performance Waikato Institute of TechnologyHamilton 3240New Zealand Athlete Health and Performance Research Centre Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine HospitalDohaQatar Division of Sports Medicine Cincinnati Children’s HospitalCincinnatiOH45229USA Department of Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45267USA The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention WalthamMA 02453USA Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and Its Prevention(ACRISP) Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia University of gloucestershire GloucesterGL502RHUK

Purpose This cross-sectional study investigated dynamic force-time variables and vaulting performance in young female gymnasts of different maturity *** 120 gymnasts aged 5-14 years were sub-divided into maturity groupings using percent of predicted adult height(%PAH)*** performed three jumping protocols,the squat jump(SJ),countermovement jump(CMJ)and drop jump(DJ),before completing straight jump vaults that were recorded using two-dimensional *** Jumping performance improved with biological maturity evidenced by the most mature gymnasts’producing sig-nificantly more absolute force(P0.78),impulse(P0.75)and power(P0.91)than the least mature group,resulting in the greater jump heights(P0.70).While,no significant differences were observed in relative peak force across multiple tests,measures of relative peak power did significantly increase with *** upon regression analyses,maturation was found to influence vertical take-off velocity during vaulting,explaining 41%of the variance in each jumping *** all tests,the DJ was found to have the highest predictive ability of vaulting vertical take-off velocity,explaining 55%of the total *** Biological maturation impacts jump height and underpinning mechanical variables in young female *** vertical take-off velocity appears to be influenced by maturation and various dynamic force-time variables,par-ticularly those during DJ,which had the highest explained total variance.

关键词： Youth Maturation Squat jump Countermovement jump Drop jump gymnastics

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