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The tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer with gratings in tandem for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic system on HL-2A tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第6期26卷 103-110页

作者：刘亮余德良马倩何小斐 Maarten de bock Manfred von HELLERMANN Michael WALSH 陈文锦何小雪魏彦玲张能李栋魏会领 the HL-2A Team Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People’s Republic of China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology Baoji University of Arts and SciencesBaoji 721000People’s Republic of China ITER Organization Route de Vinon-sur-VerdonCS 90046St.Paul Lez Durance Cedex 13067France Fusion Spectroscopy Markgraf-Albrecht Str.14Berlin 10711Germany

Charge-exchange(CX) recombination spectroscopy is a powerful tool monitoring ion temperature and plasma rotation with good temporal and spatial resolutions. A compact, new design for a high-throughput, tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer has been developed for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy measurement on the HL-2A tokamak. The simultaneous measurements of He II(468.57 nm), C VI(529.1 nm), and Dα(656.1 nm accompanied by beam emission spectra) with an acquisition frequency up to 400 Hz are achieved by vertically binning the spectrum from each fiber in experiments. Initial results indicate that the system can provide radial profiles of not only ion temperature and rotation velocity,but also concentration of carbon. For the case of helium, the measurements for the ion temperature and rotation velocity are straightforward but the apparent concentration associated with the observed CX intensity is obviously too high. Modeling of the active He II CX feature including plume contributions needs to be carried out to extract the true helium *** spectrometer could become a prototype for the ITER charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic and the pilot experiments, as presented here, demonstrate the possibility of impurity concentrations measurements based on the combined measurement of local beam emission and charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy spectra.

关键词： CXRS ion temperature plasma rotation impurity concentration

Towards engineering a portable platform for laparoscopic pre-training in virtual reality with haptic feedback

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第2期6卷 83-99页

作者： Hans-georg ENKLER Wolfgang KUNERT Stefan PFEFFER Kai-Jonas bock Steffen AXT Jonas JOHANNINK Christoph REICH Furtwangen University 78120 FurtwangenGermany University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen 72076 TuebingenGermany

Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the *** some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced *** The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue *** VR controllers are limited regarding haptic *** haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training *** To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic *** is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR *** the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test *** of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard *** The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in *** addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction *** challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic *** weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent *** degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic *** make forces t

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Training Virtual reality Controller Haptic feedback Kinesthetic skills

Haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis and population genomics uncover the origin and domestication of sweetpotato

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 277-296页

作者： Mengxiao Yan Ming Li Yunze Wang Xinyi Wang M-Hossein Moeinzadeh Dora g.Quispe-Huamanquispe Weijuan Fan Yijie Fang Yuqin Wang Haozhen Nie Zhangying Wang Aiko Tanaka Bettina Heider Jan F.Kreuze g.delieve gheysen Hongxia Wang Martin Vingron Ralph bock Jun Yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional genomics and Resources Shanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghai 201602China College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610061China College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China department of Computational Molecular Biology Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsIhnestraBe 63-7314195 BerlinGermany department of Biotechnology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops genetics and Improvement Crop Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya 464-8601Japan international Potato Center(CIP) LimaPeru CAS Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200233China Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

The hexaploid sweetpotato(lpomoea batatas)is one of the most important root crops ***,its genetic origin remains controversial,and its domestication history remains *** this study,we used a range of genetic evidence and a newly developed haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis to identify two probable progenitors of *** diploid progenitor was likely closely related to lpomoea ae-quatoriensis and contributed the B,subgenome,IbT-DNA2,and the lineage 1 type of chloroplast genome to *** tetraploid progenitor of sweetpotato was most likely *** 4x,which donated the B2 subgenome,IbT-DNA1,and the lineage 2 type of chloroplast *** most likely originated from reciprocal crosses between the diploid and tetraploid progenitors,followed by a subsequent whole-genome *** addition,we detected biased gene exchanges between the subgenomes;the rate of B,to B2 subgenome conversions was nearly three times higher than that of B2 to B subgenome *** analyses revealed that genes involved in storage root formation,maintenance of genome stabil-ity,biotic resistance,sugar transport,and potassium uptake were selected during the speciation and domestication of *** study sheds light on the evolution of sweetpotato and paves the way forimprovementofthiscrop.

关键词： sweetpotato origin gene conversion domestication IbT-DNA HPA

Rerouting end-face-TIR capable rays to significantly increase evanescent wave signal power

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Chinese Optics Letters 2011年第4期9卷 18-20页

作者： Jianjun Ma Yasser Chiniforooshan Huacai Chen Jiahua Chen Wojtek J. bock Andrea Cusano Centre de Recherche en Photonique Departement d'informatique et d'ingenierie Universite du Quebec en Outaouais Gatineau Quebec JSX 3X7 Canada College of Optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018 China Optoelectronic Division Engineering Department University of Sannio Benevento Italy

The critical findings associated with end-face total internal reflection （TIR） phenomemon we proved before are reported. In particular, these findings reveal that the end-face-TIR capable rays experience enormous mode mixing when encountering a roughened end face. As a result, 94% of the overall detectable power is contributed by this effect. With a smooth fiber end face, this figure is mere 52%. We interpret the mechanism behind these unusual phenomena and its significance for the performance enhancement of fiber optic evanescent wave sensor.

关键词： Refractive index

Limited influences of chemotherapy on healthy and metastatic liver parenchyma

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2005年第34期11卷 5322-5326页

作者： Nancy Van Damme Pieter demetter Wouter de bock Marianne Rottiers Marleen Praet Bernard de Hemptinne Marc Peeters department of gastroenterology ghent University Hospital De Pintelaan 185 1K12IE Ghent 9000 Belgium department of Pathology ghent University Hospital De Pintelaan 185 Blok A Ghent 9000 Belgium department of Surgery ghent University Hospital De Pintelaan 185 2K12IC Ghent 9000 Belgium

AIM: To examine the expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin,γ-catenin, VEgF, and p53 in 39 patients with hepatic metastasis from colorectal cancer ***: The patients were divided into two groups:those (n = 16) who had no chemotherapy for at least 6 mo before the liver resections and those (n = 23)who were treated with chemotherapy before liver resections. A score from 0 to 3 was given for the number of positive cells and from 0 to 3 for the intensity of staining in these cells, in both healthy and metastatic liver ***: No significant differences in the expression of E-cadherin, β- and γ-catenin, VEgF and p53, could be observed between patients who received and did not receive chemotherapy, in both normal and metastatic liver ***: despite the assumption that chemotherapy had an effect on liver metastasis, no influences were noticed immunohistochemically.

关键词： Chemotherapy Metastatic liver parenchyma Cadherin Catenin VEgF

genetic variants of interferon regulatory factor 5 associated with chronic hepatitis B infection

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2018年第2期24卷 248-256页

作者： Bui Tien Sy Nghiem Xuan Hoan Hoang Van Tong Christian g Meyer Nguyen Linh Toan Le Huu Song Claus-Thomas bock Thirumalaisamy P Velavan Vietnamese-german Center of Excellence in Medical Research HanoiVietnam Institute of Clinical Infectious Diseases 108 Military Central HospitalHanoiVietnam Institute of Tropical Medicine University of TübingenTübingen 72074Germany department of Infectious Diseases Robert Koch InstituteBerlin 13302Germany department of Pathophysiology Vietnam Military Medical UniversityHanoiVietnam

AIM To investigate possible effects of IRF5 polymorphisms in the 3' UTR region of the IFR5 locus on susceptibilityto hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection and progression of liver diseases among clinically classified Vietnamese *** Four IFR5 SNPs(rs13242262 A/T, rs77416878 C/T, rs10488630 A/g, and rs2280714 T/C) were genotyped in clinically classified HBV patients [chronic hepatitis B(CHB). n = 99; liver cirrhosis(LC), n = 131; hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), n = 149] and in 242 healthy controls by direct sequencing and Taq Man realtime PCR assays. RESULTS Comparing patients and controls, no significant association was observed for the four IFR5 variants. However, the alleles rs13242262 T and rs10488630 g contributed to an increased risk of liver cirrhosis(LC vs CHB: OR = 1.5, 95%CI: 1.1-2.3, adjusted P = 0.04; LC vs CHB: OR = 1.7, 95%CI: 1.1-2.6, adjusted P = 0.019). Haplotype IRF5*TCgT constructed from 4 SNPs was observed frequently in LC compared to CHB patients(OR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.2-3.3, adjusted P = 0.008). Haplotype IRF5*TCAT occurred rather among CHB patients than in the other HBV patient groups(LC vs CHB: OR = 0.4, 95%CI: 0.2-0.8, adjusted P = 0.03; HCC vs CHB: OR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.15-0.7, adjusted P = 0.003). The IRF5*TCAT haplotype was also associated with increased levels of ALT, AST and bilirubin. CONCLUSION Our study shows that IFR5 variants may contribute as a host factor in determining the pathogenesis in chronic HBV infections.

关键词： hepatitis B virus infection Liver diseases IRF5 IFR5 polymorphisms IFR5 haplotypes

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上地幔过渡带S—P和P—S转换的全球研究

世界地震译丛 1994年第3期25卷 14-25页

作者： g.bock R.Kind

本文研究了1984年至1986年3年期间全球数字地震台网(gDSN)记录的长周期数据,以讨论作为远震S前驱波的上地幔过渡带产生的S—P和P—S转换波的存在,这类转换波已在大量单台站记录上得到证实,许多记录的简单叠加加强了转换相位的出现,并证... 详细信息

本文研究了1984年至1986年3年期间全球数字地震台网(gDSN)记录的长周期数据,以讨论作为远震S前驱波的上地幔过渡带产生的S—P和P—S转换波的存在,这类转换波已在大量单台站记录上得到证实,许多记录的简单叠加加强了转换相位的出现,并证明不同板块区域之间过渡带性质没有重要的横向变化。400km间断面的S—P和P—S转换波在70°至85°之间距离上得到很好的观测,而670km间断面的转换波在87°以上距离观测得很好。已发表的震源机制分析和与合成地震图比较说明,转换震相的形态主要由地震辐射图型所控制,接收点下方经历S—P转换的震相可以从倾滑事件观测到。这些事件沿台站方向上辐射强SV和弱P波。在另一方面震源区域下方P—S转换经常可以从沿台站方向激发强P波和很小的SV波能量的事件中观测到,同时也从一些走滑事件中观测到。观测资料与合成地震图比较表明,Dziewonski和Anderson(1981)的PREM模型可以解释绝大部分观测数据。然而,从670km间断面上观测到的S—P和P—S转换波经常比合成地震图的振幅强。转换波和P波尾波的加强干涉,震源辐射的影响以及比在PREM模型中更高的670km间断面的速度反差都可能成为这一偏差的原因。

关键词：地震波 S-P转换波 P-S转换波

Aberrant DNA methylation reprogramming during induced pluripotent stem cell generation is dependent on the choice of reprogramming factors

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Cell Regeneration 2014年第1期3卷 30-43页

作者： Aline C Planello Junfeng Ji Vivek Sharma Rajat Singhania Faridah Mbabaali Fabian Müller Javier A Alfaro Christoph bock Daniel D de Carvalho Nizar N Batada Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute Ontario Cancer InstitutePrincess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoON M5G 2 M9Canada department of Morphology Piracicaba Dental SchoolUniversity of CampinasPiracicabaSPBrazil Ontario Institute for Cancer Research TorontoOntario M4G 0A3Canada Center of Stem Cell and developmental Biology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province 310058China National Cancer Institute NIHBethesdaMD 20892USA department of Medical Biophysics University of TorontoTorontoON M5G 2 M9Canada Max Planck Institute for Informatics Campus E1.466123 SaarbrückenGermany CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Lazarettgasse 141090 ViennaAustria department of Laboratory Medicine Medical University of ViennaWähringer Gürtel 18-201090 ViennaAustria

The conversion of somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells via overexpression of reprogramming factors involvesepigenetic remodeling. DNA methylation at a significant proportion of Cpg sites in induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) differs from that of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Whether different sets of reprogramming factors influencethe type and extent of aberrant DNA methylation in iPSCs differently remains unknown. In order to help resolvethis critical question, we generated human iPSCs from a common fibroblast cell source using either the Yamanakafactors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and cMYC) or the Thomson factors (OCT4, SOX2, NANOg and LIN28), and determinedtheir genome-wide DNA methylation profiles. In addition to shared DNA methylation aberrations present in all ouriPSCs, we identified Yamanaka-iPSC (Y-iPSC)-specific and Thomson-iPSC (T-iPSC)-specific recurrent ***, not only were the genomic locations of the aberrations different but also their types: reprogrammingwith Yamanaka factors mainly resulted in failure to demethylate Cpgs, whereas reprogramming with Thomsonfactors mainly resulted in failure to methylate Cpgs. Differences in the level of transcripts encoding DNMT3b andTET3 between Y-iPSCs and T-iPSCs may contribute partially to the distinct types of aberrations. Finally, de novoaberrantly methylated genes in Y-iPSCs were enriched for NANOg targets that are also aberrantly methylated insome cancers. Our study thus reveals that the choice of reprogramming factors influences the amount, location,and class of DNA methylation aberrations in iPSCs. These findings may provide clues into how to produce humaniPSCs with fewer DNA methylation abnormalities.

关键词： SOX2 programming Thomson

Clinical characteristics and work-up of small to intermediate-sized pulmonary nodules in a Chinese dedicated cancer hospital

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2020年第1期17卷 199-207页

作者： Xiaonan Cui Daiwei Han Marjolein AHeuvelmans Yihui Du Yingru Zhao Lei Zhang Harry JMgroen geertruida Hde bock Monique DDorrius Matthijs Oudkerk Rozemarijn Vliegenthart Zhaoxiang Ye department of Radiology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China department of Radiology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands department of Epidemiology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Medisch Spectrum Twente Department of PulmonologyEnschede 7512 KZThe Netherlands department of Thoracic Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin 300060China department of Pulmonary Diseases University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands University of groningen University Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands

Objectives:To evaluate the characteristics and work-up of small to intermediate-sized pulmonary nodules in a Chinese dedicated cancer ***:Patients with pulmonary nodules 4–25 mm in diameter detected via computed tomography(CT)in 2013 were consecutively *** analysis was restricted to patients with a histological nodule diagnosis or a 2-year follow-up period without nodule growth confirming benign *** information was collected from hospital ***:Among the 314 nodules examined in 299 patients,212(67.5%)nodules in 206(68.9%)patients were *** to benign nodules,malignant nodules were larger(18.0 mm vs.12.5 mm,Pgher density in contrast-enhanced CT(67.0 HU vs.57.5 HU,P=0.015).Final diagnosis was based on surgery in 232 out of 314(73.9%)nodules,166 of which were identified as malignant[30(18.1%)stage III or IV]and 66 as *** 36 nodules(11.5%),diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and the remainder verified based on stability of nodule size at follow-up imaging(n=46,14.6%).Among 65 nodules subjected to gene(EgFR)mutation analyses,28(43.1%)cases(EgFR19 n=13;EgFR21 n=15)were identified as EgFR mutant and 37(56.9%)as EgFR *** to surgery,the majority of patients[n=194(83.6%)]received a contrast-enhanced CT scan for staging of both malignant[n=140(84.3%)]and benign[n=54(81.8%)]*** of positron emission tomography(PET)-CT was relatively uncommon[n=38(16.4%)].Conclusions:CT-derived nodule assessment assists in diagnosis of small to intermediate-sized malignant pulmonary ***,contrast-enhanced CT is commonly used as the sole diagnostic confirmation technique for pre-surgical staging,often resulting in surgery for late-stage disease and unnecessary surgery in cases of benign nodules.

关键词： Lung nodule diagnosis computed tomography pathology China