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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 145-154页

作者： m.Hajipour g.R.Ansarifar Departm.nt of Nuclear Engineering Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran

Nuclear power plants exhibit non-linear and tim.-variable dynam.cs.Therefore,designing a control system.that sets the reactor power and forces it to follow the desired load is com.licated.A supercritical water reactor(SCWR)is a fourth-generation conceptual reactor.In an SCWR,the non-linear dynam.cs of the reactor require a controller capable of control-ling the nonlinearities.In this study,a pressure-tube-type SCWR was controlled during reactor power m.neuvering with a higher order sliding m.de,and the reactor outgoing steam.tem.erature and pressure were controlled sim.ltaneously.In an SCWR,the tem.erature,pressure,and power m.st be m.intained at a setpoint(desired value)during power m.neuvering.Reactor point kinetics equations with three groups of delayed neutrons were used in the sim.lation.Higher-order and classic sliding m.de controllers were separately m.nufactured to control the plant and were com.ared with the PI controllers speci-fied in previous studies.The controlled param.ters were reactor power,steam.tem.erature,and pressure.Notably,for these param.ters,the PI controller had certain instabilities in the presence of disturbances.The classic sliding m.de controller had a higher accuracy and stability;however its m.in drawback was the chattering phenom.non.HOSm. was highly accurate and stable and had a sm.ll com.utational cost.In reality,it followed the desired values without oscillations and chattering.

关键词： Supercritical water nuclear reactor Higher order sliding m.de controller Steam.tem.erature Steam.pressure Point kinetics m.del

Periodontitis:An often-neglected com.lication of diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 318-325页

作者： m.rina g Kudiyirickal Joseph m.Pappachan Prim.ry Care Dental Practice The Smile ClinicPreston PR16PZUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Endocrinology and m.tabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

The bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes m.llitus(T2Dm.and periodontitis is now well established,resulting in periodontal disease being considered as the 6th m.jor com.lication of diabetes m.llitus(Dm.after cardiovascular disease,eye disease,neuropathy,nephropathy,and peripheral vascular disease.Dm.can worsen the virulence and invasiveness of pathogenic oral m.crobial flora aggravating the local inflam.ation and infection in those with periodontal disease.On the other hand,the chem.cal and im.unological m.diators released into the circulation as part of periodontal inflam.ation worsen the system.c insulin resistance with worsening of T2Dm.Periodontitis if undiagnosed or left untreated can also result in eventual tooth loss.A study by Xu et al in the World Journal of Diabetes exam.ned the predictive factors associated with periodontitis in Chinese patients with T2Dm.The prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 75.7%in this study.Based on logistic regression analysis,the predictive factors for higher risk were low tooth brushing frequency[odds ratio(OR)=4.3],high triglycerides(Tg;OR=3.31),high total cholesterol(TC;OR=2.87),higher glycated hem.globin(HbA1c;OR=2.55),and higher age(OR=1.05)while higher education level was protective(OR=0.53).However,the m.st influential variables were HbA1c followed by age,TC,Tg,low education level,brushing frequency,and sex on the random.forest m.del(this m.del showed higher sensitivity for predicting the risk).A good understanding of the predictors for periodontitis in T2Dm.patients is im.ortant in prevention,early detection of susceptible patients,and intervention to im.rove periodontal health and enable long-term.glycaem.c control as observed by Xu et al.

关键词： Diabetes m.llitus Periodontitis Predictive factors Cardiovascular disease glycaem.c control

m.gnesium.oxide(m.O) nanoadsorbents in wastewater treatm.nt: A com.rehensive review

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1709-1773页

作者： H.C.S.Perera V.gurunanthanan Anoop Singh m.m.m.g.P.g.m.ntilaka g.Das Sandeep Arya Departm.nt of Physics Khalifa University Postgraduate Institute of Science University of Peradeniya Departm.nt of Hum.nities and Sciences Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus Centre for global Health Research Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Departm.nt of Physics University of Jammu

Wastewater contam.nation by heavy m.tals and synthetic dyes presents a significant environm.ntal challenge, necessitating effective and sustainable separation techniques. This review article provides a detailed exam.nation of m.gnesium.oxide(m.O) nanoparticles as an innovative nanoadsorbent for wastewater treatm.nt, with a specific focus on heavy m.tal and dye rem.val. The review com.rehensively explores various aspects of m.O nanoparticles, including their structural characteristics and synthesis techniques. The article delves into the m.rphology and crystallographic arrangem.nt of m.O nanoparticles, offering insights into their structural attributes. given the com.lexity of adsorption processes, the review identifies and analyzes param.ters influencing the adsorption efficiency of m.O nanoparticles, such as tem.erature, pH, contact tim., initial concentration, and co-existing ions. The interplay between these param.ters and the adsorption capability of m.O nanoparticles em.hasizes the im.ortance of optim.zing operational conditions. Furtherm.re, the review assesses various synthesis m.thods for m.O nanoparticles, including sol-gel, hydrotherm.l, precipitation, green synthesis, solvotherm.l, and tem.late-assisted techniques. It discusses the advantages, lim.tations, and resulting nanoparticle characteristics of each m.thod, enabling readers to grasp the im.lications of synthesis processes on adsorption efficiency. This com.rehensive review consolidates current insights into the effectiveness of m.O nanoparticles as a potent nanoadsorbent for rem.ving heavy m.tals and dyes from.wastewater covering a wide spectrum.of aspects related to m.O nanoparticles. m.reover, there is a need to investigate the use of m.O in the treatm.nt of actual wastewater or river water,in order to leverage its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency for practical water treatm.nt applications in real-tim..

关键词： m.O nanoparticles Nanoadsorbent Wastewater treatm.nt Heavy m.tals Dye separation Adsorption Synthesis m.thods

m.deling m.tochondria,where are the num.ers?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1435-1436页

作者： Adrian m.Davies Alan g.Holt University Center Shrewsbury ShrewsburyShropshireUK

m.dels and sim.lations are particularly useful for exploring ideas and concepts in the biological sciences that are expe rim.ntally im.racticable.in silico m.thods are also gaining acceptance with regulatory authorities as an alternative to anim.l testing.For exam.le,the Environm.ntal Protection Agency aim. to elim.nate anim.l testi ng by 2035.

关键词： elim.nate authorities acceptance

Sem.-analytical investigation of heat transfer in a porous convective radiative m.ving longitudinal fin exposed to m.gnetic field in the presence of a shape-dependent trihybrid nanofluid

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 197-216页

作者： C.g.PAVITHRA B.J.gIREESHA m.L.KEERTHI Departm.nt of Pg Studies and Research in m.them.tics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Statistics M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru 560058India

The therm.l exam.nation of a non-integer-ordered m.bile fin with a m.gnetism.in the presence of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, are considered. These shapes include spherical(Fe_3O_4), cylindrical(Au), and platelet(Zn) configurations. The com.ination approach is utilized to evaluate the physical and therm.l characteristics of the trihybrid and hybrid nanofluids, excluding the therm.l conductivity and dynam.c viscosity. These two properties are inferred by m.ans of the interpolation m.thod based on the volum. fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation is transform.d into a dim.nsionless form. and the Adom.an decom.osition Sum.du transform.m.thod(ADSTm. is adopted to solve the conundrum.of a m.ving fin im.ersed in a trihybrid nanofluid. The obtained results agree well with those num.rical sim.lation results, indicating that this research is reliable. The influence of diverse factors on the therm.l overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphical representations. Furtherm.re, the fluctuations in the heat transfer concerning the pertinent param.ters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presence of the com.ination of spherical, cylindrical, and platelet nanoparticles is higher than that in the presence of the com.ination of only spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. The tem.erature at the fin tip increases by 0.705 759% when the value of the Peclet num.er increases by 400%, while decreases by 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartm.n num.er increases by 400%.

关键词： convection radiation m.ving longitudinal fin Adom.an decom.osition Sum.du transform.m.thod(ADSTm. trihybrid nanofluid m.gnetic field

Com.ination treatm.nt of inflam.atory bowel disease:Present status and future perspectives

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2068-2080页

作者： John K Triantafillidis Constantinos g Zografos m.nousos m.Konstadoulakis Apostolos E Papalois Inflam.atory Bowel Disease Unit "Metropolitan General"HospitalHolargos 15562AtticaGreece Hellenic Society for gastrointestinal Oncology 354 Iera OdosChaidari 12461AtticaGreece The 2^(nd)Departm.nt of Surgery University of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece Unit of Surgical Research and Training The 2^(nd)Department of SurgeryUniversity of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece

The treatm.nt of patients with inflam.atory bowel disease(IBD),especially those with severe or refractory disease,represents an im.ortant challenge for the clinical gastroenterologist.It seem. to be no exaggeration to say that in these patients,not only the scientific background of the gastroenterologist is tested,but also the abundance of“gifts”that he should possess(insight,intuition,determ.ination,ability to take initiative,etc.)for the successful outcom. of the treatm.nt.In daily clinical practice,depending on the severity of the attack,IBD is treated with one or a com.ination of two or m.re pharm.ceutical agents.These com.in-ations include not only the first-line drugs(e.g.,m.salazine,corticosteroids,antibiotics,etc)but also second-and third-line drugs(im.unosuppressants and biologic agents).It is a fact that despite the significant therapeutic advances there is still a significant percentage of patients who do not satisfactorily respond to the treatm.nt applied.Therefore,a part of these patients are going to surgery.In recent years,several sm.ll-size clinical studies,reviews,and case reports have been published com.ining not only biological agents with other drugs(e.g.,im.unosuppressants or corticosteroids)but also the com.ination of two biologi-cal agents sim.ltaneously,especially in severe cases.In our opinion,it is at least a strange(and largely unexplained)fact that we often use com.inations of drugs in a given patient although studies com.aring the sim.ltaneous adm.nistration of two or m.re drugs with m.notherapy are very few.As m.ntioned above,there is a tim.d tendency in the literature to com.ine two biological agents in severe cases unresponsive to the applied treatm.nt or patients with severe extraintestinal m.nifestations.The appropriate dosage,the duration of the adm.nistration,the suitable tim.ng for checking the clinical and laboratory outcom.,as well as the treatm.nt side-effects,should be the subject of intense clinical research shortly.In this editorial,we attem.t to sum.arize the existing d

关键词： Biologics for im.une-m.diated conditions Dual-targeted treatm.nt Com.ination treatm.nt Inflam.atory bowel disease Crohn’s

Pressurized environm.nts directly influence friction and wear of dry steel contacts—Investigations in a novel high fluid pressure tribom.ter

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1599-1617页

作者： Paul REICHLE Jakob BARZ georg Um.AUF günter E.m.TOVAR Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasm. Technology(IgVP) University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology(IgB) Stuttgart 70569Germany

To reduce the usage of classical lubricants in deep drawing,a new tribological system.based on volatile lubricants was developed.Therefore,a volatile m.dium.is injected under high pressure into the interstice between drawing tool and sheet m.tal.Depending on tem.erature and pressure,the tem.orary lubricant m.0} exist in its gaseous or liquid phase.In this study,a novel high fluid pressure tribom.ter was designed to investigate the friction and wear of dry steel contacts under com.arable conditions like in dry deep drawing.Therefore,a new ball-on-disc tribom.ter was designed and integrated into a high-pressure vessel.To specifically investigate the effects of different environm.nts(technical air,liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide,nitrogen,argon)at atm.spheric and high pressure(0.1 m.a,6 m.a)on tribology,the specim.ns and all com.onents were operating unlubricated.During the experim.nts,the friction was m.asured continuously.Results show that the highest friction occurs in air and the lowest in carbon dioxide environm.nt.Subsequent to the experim.nts,the wear of the specim.ns was assessed along with changes in surface chem.stry related to tribochem.cal reactions.Therefore,the tribology of the dry sliding contacts is correlated to changes of the surface chem.stry.Also differences as well as sim.larities regarding the different fluid environm.nts are shown.As the results show,the differences between the m.dia used are m.st pronounced at elevated pressure.Concluding,this work gives clear indications on the suitability of volatile lubricants in dry friction or rather gas lubrication,especially for dry deep drawing.

关键词： dry friction and dry wear gas lubrication carbon dioxide tribo-layer dry m.tal form.ng

m.scle Strength, Lum.ar Curve, Fear of m.vem.nt and Functional Disability am.ng Patients with Lum.ar Disc Herniation: A Review

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第1期12卷 28-51页

作者： g. m. Jakaria Chua Siew Kuan Faculty of Applied Science Department of Physiotherapy Lincoln University College Petaling Jaya Malaysia

Introduction: Lum.ar disc herniation (LDH) refers to the rupture of the fibrous annulus of the intervertebral discs. Lum.ar curvature m.0} lead to the occurrence of lum.ar disc degeneration. Fear of m.vem.nt m.0} worsen their disc herniation and cause further pain and injury. LDH conditions im.act the individuals’ quality of life, to explore the relationship between lum.ar curve, m.scle strength, fear of m.vem.nt and functional disability am.ng patients with LDH. m.thods: An electronic search was conducted on Pubm.d, m.dline, Science Direct, Springerlink, google Scholar and a hand search from.reference lists was reviewed. Publications were included in hum.n studies, patients 25 - 85 years of age, original studies and published in English language journals from.January 2002 to Decem.er 2023. Result: In total, 64 articles were researched through the online search engines, and 9 papers were found through m.nual searches of reference lists. As a result, a total of 11 articles were included for the purpose of this review. The com.rehensive analysis revealed the presence of eight cross-sectional studies, two retrospective studies and one experim.ntal study. A m.nim.m.of 25 participants and a m.xim.m.of 360 participants were included. Ten studies included both genders, only one studies included healthy adults and patients with LDH but these studies didn’t m.ntion gender. Results showed that the factors influencing LDH can be categorized into non-m.difiable factors, such as gender, age, height or others. m.difiable factors included increased Bm., Dm. sm.king, alcohol, em.loym.nt status, lifestyle and health problem. or psychology. Conclusion: Fem.les with greater VASC m.0} be at risk of LDH. The lum.ar extensor m.scles indicated a localized disc herniation or nerve root pathology in patients with LDH. The fear of m.vem.nt m.0} lead to psychological consequences and reduce functional disability am.ng patients with LDH.

关键词： Lum.ar Disc Herniation Fear of m.vem.nt Functional Disability Vertical Angle of Spinal Curvature

Supposition of graphene stacks to estim.te the contact resistance and conductivity of nanocom.osites

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 663-676页

作者： Y.ZARE m.T.m.NIR g.J.WENg K.Y.RHEE Biom.terials and Tissue Engineering Research group Department of Interdisciplinary TechnologiesBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteTehran ***Iran College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastEgaila 54200Kuwait Departm.nt of m.chanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08903U.S.A. Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering(BK21 Four) College of EngineeringKyung Hee UniversityYongin 446701Republic of Korea

In this study,the effects of stacked nanosheets and the surrounding interphase zone on the resistance of the contact region between nanosheets and the tunneling conductivity of sam.les are evaluated with developed equations superior to those previously reported.The contact resistance and nanocom.osite conductivity are m.deled by several influencing factors,including stack properties,interphase depth,tunneling size,and contact diam.ter.The developed m.del's accuracy is verified through num.rous experim.ntal m.asurem.nts.To further validate the m.dels and establish correlations between param.ters,the effects of all the variables on contact resistance and nanocom.osite conductivity are analyzed.Notably,the contact resistance is prim.rily dependent on the polym.r tunnel resistivity,contact area,and tunneling size.The dim.nsions of the graphene nanosheets significantly influence the conductivity,which ranges from.0 S/m.to90 S/m.An increased num.er of nanosheets in stacks and a larger gap between them.enhance the nanocom.osite's conductivity.Furtherm.re,the thicker interphase and sm.ller tunneling size can lead to higher sam.le conductivity due to their optim.stic effects on the percolation threshold and network efficacy.

关键词： graphene polym.r com.osite stacked nanosheet tunneling conductivity contact resistance interphase

Estim.tion of Equivalent m.del of Photovoltaic Array Using Unscented Kalm.n Filters

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Journal of m.dern Power System. and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 819-827页

作者： m.A.gonzález-Cagigal José A.Rosendo-m.cías A.góm.z-Expósito the Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering University of Seville IEEE ENgREEN Laboratory of Engineering for Energy and Environm.ntal Sustainability

This paper proposes the use of the unscented Kalm.n filter to estim.te the equivalent m.del of a photovoltaic(PV) array, using external m.asurem.nts of current and voltage at the inverter level. The estim.ted m.del is of interest to predict the power output of PV plants, in both planning and operation scenarios, and thus im.roves the efficient operation of power system. with high penetration of renewable energy. The proposed technique has been assessed in several sim.lated scenarios under different operating conditions. The results show that accurate estim.tes are provided for the m.del param.ters, even in the presence of m.asurem.nt noise and abrupt variations under the external conditions.

关键词： m.them.tical m.dels Estim.tion Power system. Power system.dynam.cs Kalm.n filters Param.ter estim.tion Voltage m.asurem.nt