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Anti-Epileptic Drug Prescription in a Psychiatric Hospital Outpatient Clinic in Southeast Nigeria

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第4期7卷 294-306页

作者： Justin U. Achor Emeka C. Nwefoh Birinus A. Ezeala-Adikaibe Chinwe F. S. Ezeruigbo aham O. Agomoh Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Enugu Nigeria CBM International Abuja Nigeria Department of Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku/Ozalla Nigeria Department of Nursing Sciences Faculty of Health Science Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria

The optimum control of seizures requires adequate dosing of appropriately selected anti-epileptic medications. The availability of AEDs in Nigeria is limited and this constrains the prescription latitude of clinicians. This study was conducted to describe the prescribing pattern of anti-epileptic drugs in the outpatient service of a psychiatric facility in southeast Nigeria. The case records of the epileptic patients attending the outpatient clinic of a psychiatric hospital were retrieved, reviewed and data abstracted with a prepared proforma. The information extracted include age, sex, marital status, residence, type of seizure and anti-seizure medications prescribed, frequency of administration and dosage among other variables. Of the 178 patients whose prescriptions and case records were assessed, males constituted 62.9% and females 37.1%. Most of the patients were single (78.1%) and the group had a mean age of 25.6 ± 10.9 years. generalized tonic-clonic seizures predominated (61.2%) among the seizure types, whilst complex partial seizure type was identified in 35.4% of the patients. Patient diagnosis relied heavily on the use of clinical description alone. About 92.7% of the patients were treated with monotherapy, whereas 7.3% received two anti-epileptic drug combinations. Carbamazepine was the most frequently prescribed drug, and was utilized in the treatment of 87.9% of patients receiving monotherapy and 92.3% of individuals receiving two drug combinations. Adjunctive medications like benzodiazepines were rarely utilised to improve the effect of the AEDs. The patients that received polytherapy could only be distinguished from those that received monotherapy by higher frequency of epileptic auras and higher mean dose of AEDs per day. The predominant use of monotherapy is in accordance with the treatment recommendations and needs to be encouraged. The greater use of carbamazepine is probably related to its perceived benefits in the control of behavioural symptom

关键词： Epilepsy Treatment Anti-Epileptic Drug Prescribing Psychiatric Nigeria

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ginkgo biloba extract-761 improves the motor functions in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion rats

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2016年第10期30卷 1030-1030页

作者： ZENg gui-rong ZHOU Shi-da SHAO Ya-jie ZHANg Miao-hong SUN Mei-zhen Mudassar Azhar Ayaz aham LIU Xin-ming JIANg De-jian Hunan Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica Powder and Innovative Drugs Established by Provincial and Ministry Hunan Provincial Research Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Dr.Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of Karachi

OBJECTIVE To study the role of ginkgo biloba extract-761(Egb-761)in the recovery of gait abnormality and its neuroprotective effect against the brain injury induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlu-sion in *** Male Sprague Dawley rats(n=200,240-305 g)were anesthetized with 0.2%pentobarbital sodium diluted in physiological saline(2.0 m L·kg-1,ip).Then a monofilament coated with poly-L-lysine,was used to occlude the origin of the middle cerebral *** was inserted into the internal carotid artery lumen until it met mild resistance,approximately 20mm beyond the common carotid artery *** suture was secured with a ligature and maintained in place until *** same surgical procedure was conducted in sham-operated rats in which the middle cerebral artery was not *** and behavioral changes were assessed after surgery using a five point *** rats securing the point scale above 2 were included in the *** rats were randomly divided into control,and treated groups:Egb-761(20,50,and 100 mg·kg-1).The treated groups were oral y administered(10 mL·kg-1)for 28 *** 7th,14th,21st,and 28th day the neurological scores,rotar rod test and gait assessment(the automated computer-assisted method)were *** brains were collected for TTC staining and histopathological *** 1)Weight:On 28th day,Egb-761(20 mg·kg-1,)significantly increased the weight of the rat by^8%as compared to control(~300 g).However,at 50 mg·kg-1,and 100 mg·kg-1,a significant increase of^7-7.6%(control:~232 g),and^7.3-7%,respectively from 14 to 28 days was noted.2)Neurological scores:On 28thday,Egb-761(20,50,and 100 mg·kg-1)significantly decreased the neurological scores by^18%,~22%,~21%,respectively as compared to control(~2.07).3)Rotar rod test:On 28thday,Egb-761(50,and100 mg·kg-1)significantly increased by^69.1%,~74.1%,respectively as compared to control(~28.2).4)gait assessment:On 7th,14th,21st,and 28thday,Egb-761(20,50,and 100 m·kg-1)si

关键词： permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion

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