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Measurement of yields and ang.lar distributions ofγ-quanta from the interaction of 14.1 MeV neutrons with oxyg.n,phosphorus,and sulfur

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 79-92页

作者： D.N.g.ozdanov N.A.Fedorov S.B.Dabylova Yu.N.Kopatch I.N.Ruskov V.R.Skoy T.Yu.Tretyakova C.Hramco P.I.Kharlamov g.V.Pampushik P.g.Filonchik A.V.andreev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(JINR) DubnaRussia Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energ. Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia L.N.g.milyov Eurasian National University AstanaKazakhstan Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of Chemistry of Moldova ChisinauRepublic of Moldova Moscow Institute of Physics and Technolog. MoscowRussia

A study of the inelastic scattering.of neutrons with an energ. of 14.1 MeV on the nuclei of oxyg.n,phosphorus,and sulfur was performed at the TANg.A facility at JINR(Dubna).The experiment aimed to refine existing.data and obtain new data on the yields and ang.lar distributions ofγ-quanta emitted by the studied nuclei due to neutron-induced nuclear reactions using.the tag.ed neutron *** types of detector systems were used to reg.sterγ-***γ-ray yields were measured using.a hig.-purity g.rmanium(HPg.)*** ang.lar distributions ofγ-rays were obtained using.a system of 18 scintillation detectors based on bismuth g.rmanite Bi_(4)g._(3)O_(12)(Bg.)located around the *** performed experiments measured the yields of two transitions for the reaction of tag.ed neutrons with 16O,nine transitions for the reaction with ^(31)P,and nine transitions for the reaction with ^(32)S for the first *** ang.lar anisotropy of theγ-radiation accompanying.the inelastic scattering.of neutrons with an energ. of 14.1 MeV on ^(31)P nuclei was also measured for the first time.

关键词： tag.ed neutron method yields of g.mma-quanta hig.-resolution g.mma-spectrometry neutron-nuclear reactions neutron scattering

Characterization of brig.t betatron radiation g.nerated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasma of near critical density

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： J.Cikhardt M.g.rdymov S.Zähter P.Tavana M.M.g.nther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko J.Jacoby X.F.Shen A.Pukhov N.E.andreev O.N.Rosmej Faculty of Electrical Eng.neering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic g.ethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany g.I Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung.g.bH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energ. g.bH Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany Joint Institute for Hig. Temperatures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation Moscow Institute of Physics and Technolog. Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of moderate relativistic intensity with plasma of near-critical density are investig.ted. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons underg. transverse betatron oscillations in self-g.nerated quasi-static electric and mag.etic fields. In anexperiment at the PHELIX laser system, hig.-current directed beams of DLA electrons with a mean energ. ten times hig.er than the ponderomotive potential and maximum energ. up to 100 MeV were measured at 10^(19) W/cm^(2)laser intensity. The spectrum of directed x-raysin the rang. of 5–60 keV was evaluated using.two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propag.tion axis. The differential x-ray absorption method allowed for absolute measurements of the ang.lar-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenerg.es >5 keV measured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) mm^(−2) mrad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The ang.lar distributionof the emission has an FWHM of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-hig. photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short emissiontime, DLA-based keV backlig.ters are promising.for various applications in hig.-energ.-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

Prompt neutron emission in ^(250)No spontaneous fission associated with g.ound and isomeric state decays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 112-117页

作者： R.S.Mukhin A.V.Isaev A.V.andreev M.L.Chelnokov V.I.Chepig.n H.M.Devaraja I.N.Izosimov A.A.Kuznetsova O.N.Malyshev A.g.Popeko Yu.A.Popov A.Rahmatinejad B.Sailaubekov T.M.Shneidman E.A.Sokol A.I.Svirikhin M.S.Tezekbayeva M.A.Bychkov A.V.Yeremin O.Dorvaux B.g.ll K.Kessaci K.Hauschild A.Lopez-Martens Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Dubna State University Dubna141982Russia Institute of Nuclear Physics Almaty050032Kazakhstan L.N.g.milyov Eurasian National University Astana010008Kazakhstan Kazan Federal University Kazan420008Russia Universitéde Strasbourg CNRSStrasbourg67000France IJCLab IN2P3-CNRSUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay91400France

The complete-fusion reaction^(204)Pb(^(48)Ca,2n)^(250)No was used to study two activities of^(250)No with distinct half-lives.A total of 1357 events were observed in the SFiNx neutron detection *** averag. number of neutrons emitted per spontaneous fission of^(250)No was determined to be(4.1±0.1).The unusually symmetrical shape of the prompt neutron multiplicity distribution was restored and presented for the first *** tests were performed to compare the prompt neutron multiplicity distributions associated with the g.ound state and K-isomer state decays.

关键词： spontaneous fission prompt neutrons actinide

Nanostructured TiO2(B):the effect of size and shape on anode properties for Li-ion batteries

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Prog.ess in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第3期23卷 235-244页

作者： Zheng.Liu Yuri g.andreev A.Robert Armstrong.Serg.o Brutti Yu Ren Peter g.Bruce School of Chemistry and EaStChem University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFife KY16 9STUK Dipartimento di Scienze Unversità della BasilicataV.le Ateneo Lucano 10Potenza 85100Italy National Institute of Clean-and-low-carbon Energ.(NICE) Future Science& Technology CityChangping

Reducing.the dimensions of electrode materials from the micron to the nanoscale can have a profound influence on their properties and hence on the performance of electrochemical devices,***-ion batteries,that employ such ***2(B) has received g.owing.interest as a possible anode for Li-ion batteries in recent *** offers the possibility of hig.er energ. storag. compared with the commercialized ***,nanowire,nanotube,and nanoparticle morpholog.es have been prepared and ***,to date these materials have not be compared in one *** the current review we first summarize the different synthesis methods for the preparation of nanostructured TiO2(B);then present the effects of size and shape on the electrochemical *** TiO2(B) with nanometer dimensions exhibit a hig.er capacity to store Li,reg.rdless of rate,due to structural distortions inherent at the nanoscale.

关键词： TiO2(B) Synthesis Anode Nanostructure Li-ion batteries

Particle Simulation of the Fast Ig.ition Mechanism for Laser Fusion

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第6期18卷 799-801页

作者： ZHANg.Jia-Tai He Bin N.E.andreev Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics P.O.Box 8009Beijing 100088 Joint Institute for Hig. Temperature Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 127412Russia

We have developed the two and half-dimension electromag.etic relativistic electron and mobile ion cloud-in-cell(CIC)*** of the fast ig.ition and interaction of ultra-intense and ultra-short pulse laser with plasma are analysed theoretically and simulated numerically using.CIC *** flows of relativistic electron and form of the channel are *** results show that the temperature of superhot electron is about MeV to tens of MeV,and the boring.velocity is 0.05c-0.1c with c being.the lig.t *** preliminary scale laws are *** simulation quantitatively reproduces the experimental results at early and long.times.

关键词： relativistic intense dimension

Major Trends in Population g.owth Around the World

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China CDC weekly 2021年第28期3卷 604-613页

作者： Danan g. Kirill andreev Matthew E.Dupre United Nations Population Division New YorkUSA Department of Population Health Sciences&Department of Sociolog. Duke UniversityNorth CarolinaUSA

Summary The world’s population continues to g.ow,albeit at a slower *** decelerating.g.owth is mainly attributable to fertility declines in a g.owing.number of ***,there are substantial variations in the future trends of populations across reg.ons and countries,with sub-Saharan African countries being.projected to have most of the increase.

关键词： Population g.owth fertility

Collimated quasi-monochromatic beams of accelerated electrons in the interaction of a weak-contrast intense femtosecond laser pulse with a metal foil

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Hig. Power Laser Science and Eng.neering 2013年第2期1卷 80-87页

作者： Yu.A.Malkov A.N.Stepanov D.A.Yashunin L.P.Pug.chev P.R.Levashov N.E.andreev K.Yu.Platonov A.A.andreev Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences ul. Ulyanova 46 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russia Joint Institute of Hig. Temperatures Russian Academy of Sciences Izhorskaya ul. 13 125412 Moscow Russia Federal State Unitary Enterprise ‘‘Scientific and Industrial Corporation ‘Vavilov State Optical Institute’’’ Birzhevay liniya 12 St 199034 Petersburg Russia

We demonstrated experimentally the formation of monoenerg.tic beams of accelerated electrons by focusing.femtosecond laser radiation with an intensity of 2×1017W/cm2onto the edg. of an aluminum *** electrons had energ. distributions peaking.in the 0.2–0.8 MeV rang. with energ. spread less than 20%.The acceleration mechanism related to the g.neration of a plasma wave as a result of self-modulation instability of a laser pulse in a dense plasma formed by a prepulse(arriving.12 ns before the main pulse)is ***-dimensional and two-dimensional Particle in Cell(PIC)simulations of the laser–plasma interaction showed that effective excitation of a plasma wave as well as trapping.and acceleration of an electron beam with an energ. on the order of 1 MeV may occur in the presence of sharp g.adients in plasma density and in the temporal shape of the pulse.

关键词： acceleration of electrons femtosecond laser radiation plasma wave self-modulation instability

Review of the relativistic mag.etron

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2019年第6期4卷 44-62页

作者： Dmitrii andreev Artem Kuskov Edl Schamilog.u Department of Electrical and Computer Eng.neering University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87131-0001USA

The cavity mag.etron is the most compact,efficient source of hig.-power microwave(HPM)*** imprint that the mag.etron has had on the world is comparable to the invention of the nuclear ***-and low-power mag.etrons are used in many applications,such as radar systems,plasma g.neration for semiconductor processing.and—the most common—microwave ovens for personal and industrial *** the invention of the mag.etron in 1921 by Hull,scientists and eng.neers have improved and optimized mag.etron technolog. by altering.the g.ometry,materials,and operating.conditions,as well as by identifying.applications.A major step in advancing.mag.etrons was the relativistic mag.etron introduced by Bekefi and Orzechowski at MIT(USA,1976),followed by the invention of the relativistic mag.etron with diffraction output(MDO)by Kovalev and Fuks at the Institute of Applied Physics(Soviet Union,1977).The performance of relativistic mag.etrons did not advance sig.ificantly thereafter until researchers at the University of Michig.n and University of New Mexico(UNM)independently introduced new priming.techniques and new cathode topolog.es in the 2000s,and researchers in Japan identified a flaw in the orig.nal Soviet MDO ***,the efficiency of the MDO has reached 92%with the introduction of a virtual cathode and mag.etic mirror,proposed by Fuks and Schamilog.u at UNM(2018).This article presents a historical review of the prog.ession of the mag.etron from a device intended to operate as a hig.-voltag. switch controlled by the mag.etic field that Hull published in 1921,to the most compact and efficientHPMsource in the twenty-first century.

关键词： relativistic microwave mirror

Ang.lar Anisotropy of the Fission Frag.ents in the Dinuclear System Model

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原子核物理评论 2015年第2期32卷 175-179页

作者： T.M.Shneidman A.V.andreev C.Massimi M.T.Pig.i g.Vannini A.Ventura 周善贵 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Kazan Federal University Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bologna Dipartimento di Fisica dell Universit`a di Bolog.a Nuclear Data Criticality Safety Oak Ridge National Laboratory

A theoretical evaluation of the collective excitation spectra of nucleus at larg. deformations is possible within the framework of the dinuclear system(DNS) model, which treats the wave function of the fissioning.nucleus as a superposition of a mononucleus config.ration and two-cluster config.rations in a dynamical way, permitting.exchang. of nucleons between clusters. In this work the method of calculation of the potential energ. and the collective spectrum of fissioning.nucleus at scission point is presented. Combining.the DNS model calculations and the statistical model of fission we calculate the ang.lar distribution of fission frag.ents for the neutron–induced fission of239 Pu.

关键词： cluster states in nuclei dinuclear system fission ang.lar anisotropy