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Effect of Extending Voluntary Waiting Period on Health of Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第6期14卷 124-136页

作者： găvan Constantin Șonea Cosmin Research Department Agriculture Research and Development Station imnic Craiova Romania University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest Bucureti Romania

The aim of this of this experimental study to investigate the effect of 3 voluntary waiting periods (VWP) on health of dairy cows. A total of 100 lactations of 100 Holstein Friesian cows with high milk production (average 9.442 ± 620 kg) were randomly (based on the ear tags digits of cows) distributed to 1 to 3 experimental groups with VWP of 50 (VWPg50;n = 32), 100 (VWPg100;n = 34) or 150 days (VWPg150;n = 34). Observations relating to diseases of the cows were made by the farm veterinarian and research personnel. Were defined eight disease: puerperal fever, retained fetal membranes, displaced abomasum, metritis, clinical ketosis, clinical mastitis, ovarian cysts, and claw diseases. The experimental days (ED) were from 4 days in milk (DIM) to 100 days after the next calving. The experiment was managed at Dairy Research Farm ?imnic-Craiova January 2018 to December 2022. A clear set of clinical signs were used to define a case at the diseases without the need for laboratory confirmation. Values of Lactational incidence risk (LIR) median postpartum days at diagnosis and pairwise comparison of proportion between VWPs were calculated. LIR for puerperal fiver, retained fetal membranes, displaced abomasum, clinical ketosis, clinical mastitis, ovarian cysts and claw disease were 4;5;2;8;8;and 4% respectively. Numerically, cows with VWP of 100 and150 days had more disease cases compared with VWP of 50 days. The differences between experimental groups of cows regarding proportions of cows with disease cases were not statistically significant. Any of the eight disorders reported in this study was analyzed independently to other health problems. For all enrolled cows (n = 100) VWP was extended until 100 or 150 days postpartum with no effect on the lactational incidence risk for the eight disorders analyzed.

关键词： Voluntary Waiting Period Dairy Cow Health Lactation Disorders Lactation Incidence Risk for Cow Diseases

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Velocity equation for grenades while impacting on dry sand media

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 168-173页

作者： Martin Macko Xuan Son Bui Kongsathit Phanthavong Duc Hung Pham van gion Do van Minh Do Jiri Skala University of Defence BrnoCzech Republic Le Quy Don Technical University Ha NoiViet Nam

This paper deals with the collision of sphere shape grenades with sand *** central issue of the article is the establishing of an empirical velocity equation of the grenade while impacting on sand that is used to solve motion equations of the mechanical mechanism inside the impact grenade *** paper focuses on impact velocities that are lower than 5 m s^(-1).An experiment was conducted to study the velocity of the grenade while impacting on dry sand.A high-speed camera video was used to capture the grenade *** grenade velocity in the impact process was generated from these video *** types of fitting curves are used to regress the velocity equation of the grenade while interacting with the sand media and the best-fitting model is *** result shows the regression curve has a high correlation with the experiment data for grenade velocities below 5 m s^(-1).The received regression equation is useful for analyzing the working ability of the inertial mechanism inside the impact grenade or analyzing and choosing the appropriate parameters of each part in the inertial mechanism to meet the required characteristics of the mechanism.

关键词： Dynamic response Impact velocity Impact grenade Low-velocity impact

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Excess dietary Lys reduces feed intake, stimulates jejunal CCK secretion and alters essential and non‑essential blood AA profile in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1336-1346页

作者： Maximiliano Muller Elout van Liefferinge Alan Tilbrook Robert van Barneveld Eugeni Roura Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality(LANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University339000 GhentFlandersBelgium Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia SunPork group BrisbaneQueensland 4009Australia

Background Commercial diets are frequently formulated to meet or exceed nutrient levels including those of lim-iting essential amino acids(AA)covering potential individual variations within the ***,the provision of dietary excess of AA,such as Lys,may lead to reduced appetite and growth in *** mechanisms modulat-ing these responses have not been extensively *** study evaluated the effect of Lys dietary excesses on performance and satiety biomarkers in post weaning *** Twenty-four pigs aged 21 d and weighing 6.81±0.12kg(mean±SEM)were individually housed and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 3weeks:a diet containing a standardized ileal digestible Lys reaching 100%(T0),120%(T1),150%(T2)or 200%(T3)of the NRC(2012)*** the end of the experiment,blood samples from the cephalic vein of the T0 and T3 groups were obtained for AA *** addition,primary intestinal cultures from T0 pigs were used,following their humane killing,to evaluate the effect of Lys on gut hormone secretion and AA sensors gene expression under ex vivo *** Feed intake was linearly reduced(Pght gain to feed ratio reduced(Pg the third-and first-week post weaning,*** con-centration(Pglutamate receptor 1 and the solute carrier family 7 member 2(Pgene expression was enhanced in proximal jejunum tissues incubated with Lys at 20mmol/L when compared to the control(Lys 0mmol/L).Plasma Lys and glu(Pgln(Pger in ***,the results provide evidence of pre-and post-absorptive mechanisms modulating these *** dietary excesses should be nar-rowed,when possible,to avoid negative effects of

关键词： Amino acid Blood Cholecystokinin Feed intake Lysine Pig Satiety

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No evidence of predator odor avoidance in a North American bird community

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 133-138页

作者： Austin Dotta Batur Yaman Alex van Huynh Department of Biology DeSales University2755 Station AvenueCenter ValleyPAUSA

Recent advances in our understanding of avian chemical communication have highlighted the importance of olfaction in many aspects of avian *** studies investigating predator avoidance behaviors in response to predator odor cues have produced mixed results across species and *** we assess if a community of birds in eastern Pennsylvania displays avoidance behaviors towards predator odor cues in a natural foraging *** use clay caterpillars to measure foraging activity by birds in the presence of predator(bobcat)urine,non-predator(rabbit)urine,and water controls in two different environmental contexts(field ***).Although we detected a weak trend for birds to forage less at predator urine-treated sites,we found no significant difference in avian foraging between the site *** did find that foraging rates between environmental contexts changed significantly over the course of the experiment,with forest sites showing decreasing foraging rates and field sites showing increasing foraging *** results reinforce the published literature that avoidance of predator odors by birds may not be ubiquitous across contexts and species.

关键词： Foraging Odor Olfaction Predation Predator-avoidance

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Postnatal Total Serum Protein Concentration Influences the Health and growth Parameters of Preweaned Female Holstein Friesian Calves

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2024年第1期14卷 19-30页

作者： găvan Constantin Șonea Cosmin Research Department Agriculture Research and Development StationȘimnicCraiovaDolj 200721Romania University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest Bucharest 011464Romania

This study focuses on the effect of the total serum protein(TSP)concentrations at 3 days after birth on the health and growth parameters of preweaned female Holstein Friesian calves.A total of 165 female calves were enrolled and evaluated for morbidity which included diarrhea(D),respiratory disease(Rd)and omphalitis(O).Also,calves with more than one disorder in the same time were recorded as *** weight(BW)was determined at birth,30 and 60 days of *** samples were taken at 3 days after birth and TSP was determined using a digital Brix *** statistical analysis all female calves based on TSP concentration were grouped into 3 categories:1-TSP≥6.2 g/dL,2-TSP 5.8-6.1 g/dL,and 3-TSPg/***,the average of TSP concentration was 6.38 g/*** prevalence of diarrhea,respiratory disease(Rd)and omphalitis(O)was 16.96%,7.88%and 4.85%respectively,in calves with one disorder and 6.06%in calves with D+Rd,3.64%in calves with Rd+O,3.03%in calves with O+D,and 3.64%in calves with D+Rd+*** the TSP concentration in calves decreased from≥6.2 g/dL tog/dL the calf hood disorders increased in female calves with one disorder and with more than one *** female calves with fair to poor immunity(category 3-TSPg/dL)were significantly more likely(OR 6.28,95%CI 2.91-13.5,p valuegory 1-TSP≥6.2 g/dL).Also BW and average daily gain(ADg)at 30 and 62 days of life decreased as TSP concentrations *** female calves with TSP≥6.2 g/dL at 3 days of life had the greatest BW at 30 and 62 days of age(51.8 kg and 77.1 kg respectively)compared with female calves with TSPg/dL at 3 days of life(46.6 and 70.6 kg respectively).Moreover,starter feed intake during the first 30 days of life,31 to 62 days of life and 1 to 62 days of life was greater in female calves with excellent immunity(TSP≥6.2 g/dL)than female calves with good immunity(TSP 5.8-6.1 g/dL)o

关键词： Immunity categories diarrheal disease respiratory disease omphalitis disease multiple morbidity calf starter feed

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An isogeometric approach to static and transient analysis of fluid-infiltrated porous metal foam piezoelectric nanoplates with flexoelectric effects and variable nonlocal parameters

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 461-489页

作者： Quoc-Hoa PHAM van Ke Tran Phu-Cuong Nguyen Faculty of Engineering and Technology Nguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoi 100000Vietnam Advanced Structural Engineering Laboratory Department of Structural EngineeringFaculty of Civil EngineeringHo Chi Minh City Open UniversityHo Chi Minh City 700000Vietnam

In this work,a novel refined higher-order shear deformation plate theory is integrated with nonlocal elasticity theory for analyzing the free vibration,bending,and transient behaviors of fluid-infiltrated porous metal foam piezoelectric nanoplates resting on Pasternak elastic foundation with flexoelectric *** analysis(IgA)and the Navier solution are applied to the *** innovation in the present study is that the influence of the in-plane variation of the nonlocal parameter on the free and forced vibration of the piezoelectric nanoplates is investigated for the first *** nonlocal parameter and material characteristics are assumed to be material-dependent and vary gradually over the thickness of *** on Hamilton’s principle,equations of motion are built,then the IgA approach combined with the Navier solution is used to analyze the static and dynamic response of the ***,we investigate the effects of the porosity coefficients,flexoelectric parameters,elastic stiffness,thickness,and variation of the nonlocal parameters on the mechanical behaviors of the rectangular and elliptical piezoelectric nanoplates.

关键词： isogeometric analysis fluid-infiltrated porous piezoelectric nanoplates static and transient analysis flexoelectric effect variable nonlocal parameters

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Exact solution for thermal vibration of multi-directional functionally graded porous plates submerged in fluid medium

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 77-99页

作者： Quoc-Hoa Pham van Ke Tran Phu-Cuong Nguyen Faculty of Engineering and Technology Nguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoiViet Nam Advanced Structural Engineering Laboratory Department of Structural EngineeringFaculty of Civil EngineeringHo Chi Minh City Open UniversityHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam

An analytical method for analyzing the thermal vibration of multi-directional functionally graded porous rectangular plates in fluid media with novel porosity patterns is developed in this *** properties of MFg porous plates change according to the length,width,and thickness directions for various materials and the porosity distribution which can be widely applied in many fields of engineering and defence ***,new porous rules that depend on spatial coordinates and grading indexes are proposed in the present *** Hamilton's principle and the refined higher-order shear deformation plate theory,the governing equation of motion of an MFg porous rectangular plate in a fluid medium(the fluid-plate system)is *** fluid velocity potential is derived from the boundary conditions of the fluid-plate system and is used to compute the extra *** galerkinVlasov solution is used to solve and give natural frequencies of MFg porous plates with various boundary conditions in a fluid *** validity and reliability of the suggested method are confirmed by comparing numerical results of the present work with those from available works in the *** effects of different parameters on the thermal vibration response of MFg porous rectangular plates are studied in *** findings demonstrate that the behavior of the structure within a liquid medium differs significantly from that within a vacuum ***,they offer appropriate operational approaches for the structure when employed in various mediums.

关键词： Plate-fluid contact galerkin Vlasov's method Multi-directional functionally graded plate Novel porosity Thermal vibration Refined higher-order shear deformation theory

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SUPERCHARgED Express couriers meet China's ever-evolving need for delivery speed By Elsbeth van Paridon

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Beijing Review 2024年第5期67卷 12-15页

作者： Elsbeth van Paridon 不详

Jingdong ayi lai la!Or"The Jing Dongauntie is here!"in plain *** cheeks,unmistakably the result of spending a lot of time outdoors in the ice box that is Beijing winter,He Fang emerges from behind a long line of delivery karts,wrapped in several *** outer layer is a perfect match for the tiny three-wheeled vehicles:red and emblazoned with"JDL."The three letters stand for JD Logistics,the shipping and delivery arm of ***,launched in 2004 and now one of China's three key e-commerce players,together with Alibaba and PDD.

关键词： Express perfect winter

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Active self-training for weakly supervised 3D scene semantic segmentation

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第3期10卷 425-438页

作者： gengxin Liu Oliver van Kaick Hui Huang Ruizhen Hu College of Computer Science&Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Computer Science Carleton UniversityOttawa K1S 5B6Canada

Since the preparation of labeled datafor training semantic segmentation networks of pointclouds is a time-consuming process, weakly supervisedapproaches have been introduced to learn fromonly a small fraction of data. These methods aretypically based on learning with contrastive losses whileautomatically deriving per-point pseudo-labels from asparse set of user-annotated labels. In this paper, ourkey observation is that the selection of which samplesto annotate is as important as how these samplesare used for training. Thus, we introduce a methodfor weakly supervised segmentation of 3D scenes thatcombines self-training with active learning. Activelearning selects points for annotation that are likelyto result in improvements to the trained model, whileself-training makes efficient use of the user-providedlabels for learning the model. We demonstrate thatour approach leads to an effective method that providesimprovements in scene segmentation over previouswork and baselines, while requiring only a few userannotations.

关键词： semantic segmentation weakly supervised self-training active learning

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Adhesion performance of alkali-activated material for 3-dimensional printing of tunnel linings at different temperatures

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 66-79页

作者： Yaxin TAO Xiaodi DAI geert de SCHUTTER Kim van TITTELBOOM Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials Ghent UniversityGhent 9052Belgium

Robotic-based technologies such as automated spraying or extrusion-based 3-dimensional(3D)concrete printing can be used to build tunnel linings,aiming at reducing labor and mitigating the associated safety issues,especially in the high-geothermal ***-based 3D concrete printing(3DCP)has additional advantages over automated sprayings,such as improved surface quality and no ***,the effect of different temperatures on the adhesion performance of 3D-printed materials for tunnel linings has not been *** study developed several alkali-activated slag mixtures with different activator modulus ratios to avoid the excessive use of Portland cement and enhance sustainability of 3D printable *** thermal responses of the mixtures at different temperatures of 20 and 40℃ were *** adhesion strength of the alkali-activated material was evaluated for both early and later ***,the structural evolution of the material exposed to different temperatures was *** was followed by microstructure *** indicate that elevated temperatures accelerate material reactions,resulting in improved early-age adhesion ***,higher temperatures contribute to the development of a denser microstructure and enhanced mechanical strength in the hardened stage,particularly in mixtures with higher silicate content.

关键词： alkali-activated material 3DCP tunnel lining high-geothermal environment adhesion

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