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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1895-1902页

作者： Jing Guo Guibin Wang Yaqiong Wu Quanzheng Geng fuliang cao Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry University

The response of soil fauna to the litter decomposition process has received considerable attention,but this effect has not been fully examined in agroforestry systems.A 1-year in situ decomposition experiment was carried out in a pure ginkgo plantation and two ginkgo agroforestry systems using a litterbag method(11 different treatments were tested in three systems).We found that the application of different organic materials(crop residues)produced positive effects on the number of soil fauna in the ginkgo planting systems;the mixture of ginkgo leaves and corn leaves was the best performing *** and Acarina were the predominant groups in the litter bags and were mainly responsible for the differences among the *** mixing promoted the abundance,richness,and diversity of soil fauna,and significant differences regarding the Shannon–Wiener index of the soil fauna were observed among the 11 treatments in *** higher soil MBC(microbial biomass carbon)and MBN(microbial biomass nitrogen)were observed in agroforestry systems than in pure ginkgo *** results suggest that the practice of intercrop residue application plays an important role in enhancing soil ecosystem function in ginkgo agroforestry systems and may ultimately contribute to sustainable intercrop production,soil fertility,and local economic diversity.

关键词： Ginkgo agroforestry Litter decomposition Soil fauna Microbial biomass Nutrient release

Octacosanol and health benefits:Biological functions and mechanisms of action

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 1-16页

作者： Yaping Zhou fuliang cao Feijun Luo Qinlu Lin National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality ControlHunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical PurposeCollege of Food Science and EngineeringCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha410004HunanChina Co-innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037JiangsuChina

Octacosanol is a widely distributed natural higher aliphatic alcohol that can be isolated and purified from rice bran,sugarcane,beeswax,insect wax,*** exerts various biological effects,including anti-fatigue,anti-hypoxia,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,antitumor,***,it has the effects of regulating the body's immune function and energy metabolism and has potential benefits for cardiovascular disease,cerebrovascular disorders,diabetes,Parkinson's disease,and *** is primarily responsible for regulating multiple signaling pathways,such as AMPK,PI3K/Akt,and MAPK/NF-κB,to achieve different physiological *** review systemically summarized the progress in characterization,extraction and purification,biological functions,molecular mechanisms,and bioavailability of *** study will provide a reference for many investigators to further explore the physiological functions of higher aliphatic alcohols and apply them as supplements in functional foods.

关键词： Octacosanol Phytochemical extraction and purification Biological functions Molecular mechanisms Bioavailability

Improvement of quality of Ginkgo biloba seeds powder by solid-state fermentation with Eurotium cristatum for developing high-value ginkgo seeds products

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第2期7卷 53-62页

作者： Minmin Zou Jiarui cao Wen Zhang Chao Tang fuliang cao Erzheng Su Department of Food Science and Technology College of Light Industry and Food EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Co-innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

In this study,we investigated the feasibility of Ginkgo biloba seeds powder by solid-state fermen-tation with Eurotium cristatum for developing high-value ginkgo seeds *** optimum fermentation medium was consisted of 10 g of 40-mesh ginkgo seeds powder loaded in 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask with 50%(w/w)of water content,4%(w/w)of MgSO_(4)and 5%(w/w)of KH_(2)PO_(4)*** optimum fermentation conditions were pH 5.0,2×10^(8)CFU/g of inoculum size,3 mL of sterilized water supplemented every two days during the four days of *** fermentation,the spore number of *** was improved by about 36 times with the produc-tion of lovastatin reaching(54.10±0.16)μg/*** antioxidant activity of fermented ginkgo seeds powder also got obvious enhancement,which could help eliminate excess free radicals produced by normal *** content of free amino acids increased by 82.32%.Except that the sugar was consumed in some degree,the other nutritional and functional components were well preserved while the content of detrimental ginkgolic acids was reduced by 44.97%.In addition,fermented ginkgo seeds powder possessed better digestibility and showed pleasant orange-like *** conclusion,the quality of ginkgo seeds powder was remarkably improved through solid-state fermentation by using ***,which could be a promising way for functional applications of ginkgo seeds.

关键词： Ginkgo seed Eurotium cristatum Solid-state fermentation Lovastatin Antioxidant activity Ginkgolic acid

An improved area-based approach for estimating plot-level tree DBH from airborne LiDAR data

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 46-55页

作者： Zhengnan Zhang Tiejun Wang Andrew K.Skidmore fuliang cao Guanghui She Lin cao Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AEEnschedethe Netherlands

The diameter at breast height(DBH) of trees and stands is not only a widely used plant functional trait in ecology and biodiversity but also one of the most fundamental measurements in managing forests. However, systematically measuring the DBH of individual trees over large areas using conventional ground-based approaches is labour-intensive and costly. Here, we present an improved area-based approach to estimate plot-level tree DBH from airborne Li DAR data using the relationship between tree height and DBH, which is widely available for most forest types and many individual tree species. We first determined optimal functional forms for modelling heightDBH relationships using field-measured tree height and DBH. Then we estimated plot-level mean DBH by inverting the height-DBH relationships using the tree height predicted by Li DAR. Finally, we compared the predictive performance of our approach with a classical area-based method of DBH. The results showed that our approach significantly improved the prediction accuracy of tree DBH(R^(2)=0.85–0.90, rRMSE=9.57%–11.26%)compared to the classical area-based approach(R^(2)=0.80–0.83, rRMSE=11.98%–14.97%). Our study demonstrates the potential of using height-DBH relationships to improve the estimation of the plot-level DBH from airborne Li DAR data.

关键词： Plant functional traits Forest inventory Height-DBH relationship LiDAR structural metrics

Screening of Ginkgo Individuals with Superior Growth Structural Characteristics in Different Genetic Groups Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning(TLS)Data

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 714-727页

作者： Wen Gao Xiaoming Yang Lin cao fuliang cao Hao Liu Quan Qiu Meng Shen Pengfei Yu Yuhua Liu Xin Shen Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210037PR China College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642PR China Suining County Runqi Investment Co.Ltd. XuzhouJiangsu 221200PR China Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry ZhenjiangJiangsu 212400PR China

With the concept of sustainable management of plantations,individual trees with excellent characteristics in plantations have received attention from *** improve and maintain long-term productivity,accurate and high-throughput access to phenotypic characteristics is essential when establishing breeding ***,genetic diversity is also an important issue that must be considered,especially for plantations without seed source *** study was carried out in a ginkgo timber *** used simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers for genetic background analysis and high-density terrestrial laser scanning for growth structural characteristic extraction,aiming to provide a possibility of applying remote sensing approaches for forest ***,we analyzed the genetic diversity and population structure,and grouped individual trees according to the genetic ***,the growth structural characteristics(height,diameter at breast height,crown width,crown area,crown volume,height to living crown,trunk volume,biomass of all components)were ***,individual trees in each group were comprehensively evaluated and the best-performing ones were *** illustrate that terrestrial laser scanning(TLS)point cloud data can provide nondestructive estimates of the growth structural characteristics at fine *** the ginkgo plantation containing high genetic diversity(average polymorphism information content index was 0.719)and high variation in growth structural characteristics(coefficient of variation ranged from 21.822%to 85.477%),11 excellent individual trees with superior growth were *** study guides the scientific management of plantations and also provides a potential for applying remote sensing technologies to accelerate forest breeding.

关键词： forest breeding crown

Structural characterization and comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome of Ginkgo biloba and other gymnosperms

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 765-778页

作者： Xiaoming Yang Tingting Zhou Xiya Su Guibin Wang Xuhui Zhang Qirong Guo fuliang cao Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China

Ginkgo biloba is a famous living“fossil”and has played an important role in the evolution of the Plant ***,the complete chloroplast genome of *** was sequenced and *** chloroplast genome was 156,990 bp long and predicted to encode 134 genes including 85 protein-coding genes,41 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA *** chloroplast genome has a typical quadripartite structure with a pair of inverted repeat regions(IRa and IRb,17,732 bp),a large(LSC,99,259 bp)and small single(SSC,22,267 bp)copy *** an extensive comparison to previously published gymnosperm plastomes,the gene content and organisation of *** showed high divergence,although part was relatively *** two typical IR regions in the *** chloroplast genome were relatively shorter because it the ycf2 *** addition,it was obvious that the IR regions and gene loss were responsible for changes in chloroplast genome size and structure stability,which influenced plastome evolution in different *** analysis revealed that *** is sister to cycads rather than to gnetophytes,cupressophytes,and ***,the study showed that the genomic characteristics of *** would be of great help in the further research on the taxonomy,species identification and evolutionary history of gymnosperms,especially for their position in plant systematics and evolution.

关键词： Ginkgo biloba Chloroplast genome Comparative analysis Phylogeny

The role of salicylic acid in plant flower development

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Forestry Research 2022年第1期2卷 143-148页

作者： Ying Luo Meilan Liu Jie cao fuliang cao Lin Zhang Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-wood Forest Trees Ministry of EducationCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004HunanChina Co-innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuChina

Salicylic acid(SA),belonging to a family of naturally occurring phenolic compounds,is a crucial plant hormone involved in many biological processes,such as plant immunity,seed germination,root initiation,stomatal closure,and biotic/abiotic stress *** playing central roles in many metabolic processes have been extensively ***,the function of SA in plant flower development has rarely been *** paper reviews recent research advances on the roles of SA in flower development,including regulation of stamen development,flowering time,and ovarian *** study provides multiple lines and levels of evidence substantiating that SA plays important roles in flower development,and suggests a pressing need to study the flower development-related functions of SA in both annual and perennial plants.

关键词： closure phenolic flower

Comparative histology,transcriptome,and metabolite profi ling unravel the browning mechanisms of calli derived from ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 677-691页

作者： Xiaoming Yang Qi Xu Linlin Le Tingting Zhou Wanwen Yu Guibin Wang Fang-Fang Fu fuliang cao Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China

Gingko biloba accumulates high levels of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical *** calli develop a typical browning that reduces its regenerative capacity and thus its *** elucidate the browning mechanism,histological,transcriptomic,and metabolic alterations were compared between green and browning calli derived from immature ginkgo *** observations revealed that browning calli had a more loosely arranged cell structure and accumulated more tannins than in green *** metabolic and transcriptomic analyses showed that phenylpropanoid metabolism was specifi-cally activated in the browning calli,and 428 diff erentially expressed genes and 63 diff erentially abundant metabolites,including 12 fl avonoid compounds,were identifi ed in the browning calli compared to the green ***,the expression of fl avonol synthase(FLS)and UDP-glucuronosyl-transferase(UGT)genes involved in the fl avonoid pathway was more than tenfold higher in browning calli than in green calli,thus promoting biosynthesis of fl avonol,which serves as a substrate to form glycosylated fl *** glycosides constituted the major coloring component of the browning calli and may act in response to multiple stress conditions to delay cell death caused by *** results revealed the cellular and biochemical changes in browning callus cells that accompanied changes in expression of browning-related genes,providing a scientifi c basis for improving ginkgo tissue culturability.

关键词： Ginkgo Callus browning Histology Transcriptome Metabolite Flavonoid biosynthesis

Extraction and biodegradation of ginkgolic acids from Ginkgo biloba sarcotestae

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017年第4期4卷 465-472页

作者： Qi LI Wei SUN Yan JIANG fuliang cao Guibin WANG Linguo ZHAO Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry University College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University

Ginkgolic acids are unwanted constituents in standard Ginkgo biloba leaves extracts. Thus, for the quality control of ginkgo extracts, it is important to establish an effective degradation method, with high catalytic efficiency and safety, to remove ginkgolic *** are oxidases with potential for application in elimination of hazardous phenolic compounds. In this study, single-factor and orthogonal experiments were used to optimize extraction of ginkgolic acid from G. biloba sarcotestae. The results showed that ethanol was the best solvent, with the highest extraction rate for ginkgolic acid at 85% ethanol. On this basis, we measured ethanol volume fraction, extraction time, temperature and solidliquid ratio using an orthogonal experiment. By using absorbance of 310 nm as standard, the optimal extraction conditions were 85% ethanol with, solid-liquid ratio of1:14 at 40°C for 12 h. These conditions gave a ginkgolic acid yield of 73.1 mg·g^(–1). Subsequently, recombinant laccase was used to degrade the ginkgolic acid in several laccase/mediator systems, of which Lac C was the best. At50°C, p H 4.5, enzyme concentration of 0.01 U·m L^(–1),0.5 mmol·L^(–1) mediator ABTS and reaction time of 3 h, the degradation rate of ginkgolic acid reached 100%. These results lay the foundation for research on and application of biological enzymes for detoxification of G. biloba extracts.

关键词： biodegradation extraction ginkgolic acid laccase orthogonal method

Gastrodin ameliorates exercise-induced fatigue via modulating Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting inflammation in mice

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Food Bioscience 2023年第1期51卷 745-761页

作者： Yaping Zhou Qi Wu Wen Yu Fan Ye Yunyun cao Otobong DAkan Xiuxiu Wu Tiantian Xie Han Lu fuliang cao Feijun Luo Qinlu Lin National Engineering Center for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality ControlHunan Key Provincial Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical PurposeCollege of Food Science and EngineeringCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyNo.498Shaoshan RoadChangsha410004HunanPR China Co-innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNo.159Longpan RoadNanjing210037JiangsuPR China

Gastrodia elata *** traditional Chinese medicine used to alleviate fatigue,but its underlying mechanism is still *** study explored the anti-fatigue mechanism of gastrodin by exercise-induced fatigue model and network *** study found that gastrodin(200 mg/kg/day)had significant anti-fatigue effects in C57BL/6J mice based on mouse energy and endurance *** could effectively ameliorate biochemical indexes in the fatigue *** putative targets of“Gastrodin”and“Fatigue”were obtained by integrating multiple databases,and a virtual network containing 220 interactive targets was constructed by STRING and *** annotation analysis of these targets by g:Profiler showed that they mainly contribute to the cellular processes,protein binding,and other functions and participate in metabolic pathways,cancer pathways,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,*** found that oxidation and inflammatory factors played an important role in the virtual network of gastrodin anti-fatigue,which was supported by microarray dataset analysis and a molecular docking ***,real time-quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis indicated that gastrodin could promote the activation of the Nrf2 signal pathway,which could activate HO-1 and NQO1;gastrodin also could down-regulate the expressions of IL-1β,TNF-α,and *** summary,gastrodin can ameliorate exercise-induced fatigue by modulating the Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting expressions of inflammatory factors,this provides a new clue for the development of gastrodin-functional foods or anti-fatigue drugs.

关键词： Anti-fatigue Gastrodin Network pharmacology Molecular mechanism Nrf2 signaling pathway