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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Bo zhang Yuqi JI Lu zhang Wei TANG Xiaohui zhang Liang WANG Haoran DING Hanchen MAO College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural University State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Company Limited School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry

Random integration of massive distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation poses serious challenges to distribution networks. Voltage violations, line overloads, increased peak–valley differences, and power-flow reversals can occur at different locations, times, and severities. Traditional planning methods such as energy storage (ES) allocation and upgrading of lines may result in poor economics and low equipment utilization. This study proposes a distribution-network planning strategy that coordinates three planning mechanisms:ES allocation to substations and to feeders, and line upgrading. The proposed strategy achieved the lowest annual cost, considering the distribution network problems at different locations, times, and severities. A net load curve description method was first proposed considering economic planning and the uncertain distribution of loads and PVs. Second, a multistage optimization model for ES allocation and line upgrading was established based on the net load curves. Finally, an improved IEEE33 node system was used in the case study. The planning results show that the proposed coordinated planning strategy can address the problems caused by the random integration of massive distributed PVs, improve equipment utilization, and obtain the lowest total annual planning cost.

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Netrin-1 signaling pathway mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 960-972页

作者： Kedong Zhu Hualong Wang Keqiang Ye Guiqin Chen Zhaohui zhang Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityBrain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Heibei ProvinceShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Netrin-1 and its receptors play crucial roles in inducing axonal growth and neuronal migration during neuronal *** profound impacts then extend into adulthood to encompass the maintenance of neuronal survival and synaptic *** amounts of evidence highlight several key points:(1)Diminished Netrin-1 levels exacerbate pathological progression in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease,and potentially,similar alterations occur in humans.(2)Genetic mutations of Netrin-1 receptors increase an individuals’susceptibility to neurodegenerative disorders.(3)Therapeutic approaches targeting Netrin-1 and its receptors offer the benefits of enhancing memory and motor function.(4)Netrin-1 and its receptors show genetic and epigenetic alterations in a variety of *** findings provide compelling evidence that Netrin-1 and its receptors are crucial targets in neurodegenerative *** a comprehensive review of Netrin-1 signaling pathways,our objective is to uncover potential therapeutic avenues for neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease axon guidance colorectal cancer Netrin-1 receptors Netrin-1 signaling pathways Netrin-1 neurodegenerative diseases neuron survival Parkinson’s disease UNC5C

An Efficient Boron Source Activation Strategy for the Low‑Temperature Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanotubes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 548-558页

作者： Ying Wang Kai zhang Liping Ding Liyun Wu Songfeng E Qian He Nanyang Wang Hui Zuo Zhengyang Zhou Feng Ding Yue Hu Jin zhang Yagang Yao National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesJiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materialsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXian 710000People’s Republic of China College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXian 710000People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325000People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China College of Chemical and Molecular Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China

Lowering the synthesis temperature of boron nitride nanotubes(BNNTs)is crucial for their *** primary reason for adopting a high temperature is to enable the effective activation of highmelting-point solid *** this study,we developed a novel approach for efficiently activating boron by introducing alkali metal compounds into the conventional MgO–B *** approach can be adopted to form various low-melting-point AM–Mg–B–O growth *** growth systems have improved catalytic capability and reactivity even under low-temperature conditions,facilitating the synthesis of BNNTs at temperatures as low as 850℃.In addition,molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory theoretically demonstrate that the systems maintain a liquid state at low temperatures and interact with N atoms to form BN *** findings offer novel insights into the design of boron activation and are expected to facilitate research on the low-temperature synthesis of BNNTs.

关键词： Boron nitride nanotubes Low-temperature Boron activation Density functional theory

Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong Hou Shuo zhang Jie Dang Jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei Lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy

Glycolytic dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease:unveiling new avenues for understanding pathogenesis and improving therapy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2264-2278页

作者： You Wu Lijie Yang Wanrong Jiang Xinyuan zhang Zhaohui Yao Department of Geriatrics Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease poses a significant global health challenge owing to the progressive cognitive decline of patients and absence of curative *** current therapeutic strategies,primarily based on cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-Daspartate receptor antagonists,offer limited symptomatic relief without halting disease progression,highlighting an urgent need for novel research directions that address the key mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's *** studies have provided insights into the critical role of glycolysis,a fundamental energy metabolism pathway in the brain,in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's *** in glycolytic processes within neurons and glial cells,including microglia,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes,have been identified as significant contributors to the pathological landscape of Alzheimer's *** changes impact neuronal health and function,thus offering promising targets for therapeutic *** purpose of this review is to consolidate current knowledge on the modifications in glycolysis associated with Alzheimer's disease and explore the mechanisms by which these abnormalities contribute to disease onset and *** focus on the pathways through which glycolytic dysfunction influences Alzheimer's disease pathology should provide insights into potential therapeutic targets and strategies that pave the way for groundbreaking treatments,emphasizing the importance of understanding metabolic processes in the quest for clarification and management of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease glial cells glycolysis neuronal metabolism pathogenesis therapeutic targets

Defect Engineering:Can it Mitigate Strong Coulomb Effect of Mg^(2+)in Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries?

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 135-159页

作者： Zhengqing Fan Ruimin Li Xin zhang Wanyu Zhao Zhenghui Pan Xiaowei Yang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804People’s Republic of China

Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)have been considered a promising“post lithium-ion battery”system to meet the rapidly increasing demand of the emerging electric vehicle and grid energy storage ***,the sluggish diffusion kinetics of bivalent Mg^(2+)in the host material,related to the strong Coulomb effect between Mg^(2+)and host anion lattices,hinders their further development toward practical *** engineering,regarded as an effective strategy to break through the slow migration puzzle,has been validated in various cathode materials for *** this review,we first thoroughly understand the intrinsic mechanism of Mg^(2+)diffusion in cathode materials,from which the key factors affecting ion diffusion are further ***,the positive effects of purposely introduced defects,including vacancy and doping,and the corresponding strategies for introducing various defects are *** applications of defect engineering in cathode materials for RMBs with advanced electrochemical properties are also ***,the existing challenges and future perspectives of defect engineering in cathode materials for the overall high-performance RMBs are described.

关键词： Rechargeable magnesium battery Sluggish diffusion kinetic Defect engineering Cathode materials Ion migration

Force and impulse multi-sensor based on flexible gate dielectric field effect transistor

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 214-220页

作者： Chao Tan Junling Lü Chunchi zhang Dong Liang Lei Yang Zegao Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China The 54th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Shijiazhuang 050081China

Nowadays,force sensors play an important role in industrial production,electronic information,medical health,and many other ***-dimensional material-based filed effect transistor(2D-FET)sensors are competitive with nano-level size,lower power consumption,and accurate ***,few of them has the capability of impulse detection which is a path function,expressing the cumulative effect of the force on the particle over a period of *** we fabricated the flexible polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)gate dielectric MoS_(2)-FET for force and impulse sensor *** systematically investigated the responses of the sensor to constant force and varying forces,and achieved the conversion factors of the drain current signals(I_(ds))to the detected impulse(I).The applied force was detected and recorded by I_(ds)with a low power consumption of~30 *** sensitivity of the device can reach~8000%and the 4×1 sensor array is able to detect and locate the normal force applied on ***,there was almost no performance loss for the device as left in the air for two months.

关键词： flexible gate dielectric transistor force sensor impulse sensor force sensor array

Investigation of bubbles escape behavior from low basicity mold flux for high-Mn high-Al steels using 3D X-ray microscope

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 102-110页

作者： Qiang Liu Xiang Li Shen Du Ming Gao Yanbin Yin Jiongming zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

During the continuous casting process of high-Mn high-Al steels,various types of gases such as Ar need to escape through the top of the *** which,the behavior of bubbles traversing the liquid slag serves as a restrictive link,closely associated with viscosity and the thickness of liquid *** contrast to two-dimensional surface observation,three-dimensional(3D)analysis method can offer a more intuitive,accurate,and comprehensive ***,this study employs a 3D X-ray microscope(3D-XRM)to obtained spatial distribution and 3D morphological characteristics of residual bubbles in mold flux under different basicity of liquid slag,different temperatures,and different holding *** results indicate that as basicity of slag increases from 0.52 to 1.03,temperature increases from 1423 to 1573 K,the viscosity of slag decreases,the floating rate of bubbles *** addition,when holding time increases from 10 to 30 s,the bubbles floating distance increases,and the volume fraction and average equivalent sphere diameter of the bubbles solidified in the mold flux gradually *** one word,increasing the basicity,temperature,and holding time leading to an increase in the removal rate of bubbles especially for the *** findings of bubbles escape behavior provide valuable insights into optimizing low basicity mold flux for high-Mn high-Al steels.

关键词： mold flux low basicity bubbles three-dimensional X-ray microscope viscosity

Enhancing forecasting of current-carrying performance through spatial frequency analysis of interface morphology

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Nian YIN Zishuai WU zhangli HOU Yiwei zhang Zhinan zhang State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Electrical contact interfaces, integral to devices such as connectors, switches, and conductive slip rings, play a crucial role in determining current-carrying capabilities. This study adopts spatial frequency analysis to assess the currentcarrying performance of interfaces based on their morphological characteristics. Initially, rough surfaces with various parameters, including the cutoff frequency(N), the spectral index(β), and the gain factor(A), were generated using spatial frequency methods, followed by current-carrying simulations. The findings reveal that the characteristic parameters derived from spatial frequency methods exhibit a significantly stronger correlation with current-carrying performance than traditional roughness metrics. To enhance the practical applicability of this research, a physical-informed machine learning approach for rough surface features extraction was developed, demonstrating high predictive parameter identification accuracy for the three parameters. Overall, this paper introduces a tribo-informatics approach for analyzing and extracting rough surface features that considers the curvature characteristics of contact points. This approach holds significant potential for evaluating the processing state of current-carrying interfaces, selecting high-quality surfaces, and forecasting current-carrying performances.

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菌酶复合制剂对湖羊生长性能、血清指标和粪便微生物的影响

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农业生物技术学报 2025年第1期33卷 134-145页

作者：祁帅仓振牛伟强李鹏张积鑫茆达干南京农业大学动物科技学院启东瑞鹏牧业有限公司

肉羊(Ovis aries)高度集约化养殖易导致氧化应激，机体抵抗力下降，胃肠菌群紊乱，影响生长性能。饲粮中添加菌酶复合制剂可改善肠道菌群结构，提高营养物质消化率和动物生长性能。为了探究菌酶复合制剂对湖羊生长性能、血清指标和粪便... 详细信息

肉羊(Ovis aries)高度集约化养殖易导致氧化应激，机体抵抗力下降，胃肠菌群紊乱，影响生长性能。饲粮中添加菌酶复合制剂可改善肠道菌群结构，提高营养物质消化率和动物生长性能。为了探究菌酶复合制剂对湖羊生长性能、血清指标和粪便微生物的影响，将48只2月龄的健康湖羊公羔((18.00±2.00) kg)随机分为4组，对照组饲喂基础日粮，实验组1、2、3分别添加0.1%、0.2%、0.3%菌酶复合制剂，预饲期7 d，正式期60 d。结果表明，与对照组相比，在31～60 d和1～60 d实验1和2组平均日增重(average daily gain, ADG)显著提高(P<0.05)，实验各组料重比(feed to gain ratio, F/G)均显著下降(P<0.05)；实验各组的血清白蛋白(albumin, ALB)和葡萄糖(glucose, GLU)含量均显著升高(P<0.05)，实验1组的高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein, HDL)含量显著升高(P<0.05)；实验各组的超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidized dismutase, SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px)活性均显著升高(P<0.05)；实验各组的免疫球蛋白(immunoglobulin, Ig) IgA和IgG含量显著升高(P<0.05)，实验3组IgM含量显著升高(P<0.05)；实验2组的中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fibre, NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fibre, ADF)表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05)；在门水平上，疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota)丰度显著提高(P<0.05)，蓝藻菌门(Cyanobacteria)和弯曲杆菌门(Campylobacterota)丰度显著降低(P<0.05)；在属水平上，另枝菌属(Alistipes)和普雷沃氏菌科UCG-001(Prevotellaceae＿UCG-001)丰度显著提高(P<0.05)，念珠菌＿糖单胞菌属(Candidatus＿Saccharimonas)丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。综上，菌酶复合制剂可提高湖羊生长性能、抗氧化和免疫能力，提高养分表观消化率，促进肠道有益菌的定植，抑制有害菌的定植，以0.2%添加量为最佳。本研究为菌酶复合制剂在湖羊生产中的应用提供科学依据。

关键词：湖羊生长性能菌酶复合制剂粪便微生物