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Amination of biochar surface from watermelon peel for toxic chromium removal enhancement

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第8期34卷 199-222页

作者： mohamed A.El-Nemr Ibrahim m.A.Ismail Nabil m.Abdelmonem Ahmed El Nemr Safaa Ragab Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Renewable Energy Program Zewail City of Science and TechnologyEgypt Environmental Division National Institute of Oceanography and FisheriesKayet BeyEl-AnfoushyAlexandriaEgypt

Watermelon peel residues were used to produce a new biochar by dehydration *** new biochar has undergone two methods of chemical modification and the effect of this chemical modification on its ability to adsorb Cr(VI)ions from aqueous solution has been *** biochars,melon-B,melon-BO-NH_(2) and melon-BO-TETA,were made from watermelon peel via dehydration with 50%sulfuric acid to give melon-B followed by oxidation with ozone and amination using ammonium hydroxide to give melon-BO-NH_(2) or Triethylenetetramine(TETA)to give *** prepared biochars were characterized by BET,BJH,SEm,FT-IR,TGA,DSC and EDAX *** highest removal percentage of Cr(VI)ions was 69%for melon-B,98%for melon-BO-NH_(2) and 99%for melon-BO-TETA biochars of 100 mg·L^(−1) Cr(VI)ions initial concentration and 1.0 g·L^(−1) adsorbents *** unmodified biochar(melon-B)and modified biochars(melon-BO-NH_(2) and melon-BO-TETA)had maximum adsorption capacities(Q_(m))of 72.46,123.46,and 333.33 mg·g^(−1),*** amination of biochar reduced the pore size of modified biochar,whereas the surface area was *** obtained data of isotherm models were tested using different error function *** freundlich,Tempkin and Langmuir isotherm models were best fitted to the experimental data of melon-B,melon-BO-NH_(2) and melon-BO-TETA,*** adsorption rate was primarily controlled by pseudo-second–order rate ***,the functional groups interactions are important for adsorption mechanisms and expected to control the adsorption *** adsorption for the melon-B,melon-BO-NH_(2) and melon-BO-TETA could be explained for acid–base interaction and hydrogen bonding interaction.

关键词： Waste treatment Powder technology Citrullus lanatus Hexavalent chromium Biochar amination Adsorption

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Removal of fluoride from water using aluminium containing compounds

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第11期21卷 1513-1518页

作者： m. Karthikeyan K. P. Elango Department of Chemistry Gandhigram Rural University

Batch adsorption studies were undertaken to assess the suitability of aluminium titanate （AT） and bismuth aluminate （BA） to remove fluoride ions from water. The effect of pH, dose of adsorbent, contact time, initial concentration, co-ions and temperature on fluoride removal efficiency were studied. The amounts of fluoride ions adsorbed, at 30°C from 4 mg/L of fluoride ion solution, by AT and BA were 0.85 and 1.55 mg/g, respectively. The experimental data fitted well to the freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. Thermodynamic parameters such as △H0, △S 0 and △G0 indicated that the removal of fluoride ions by AT was exothermic and non-spontaneous while that by BA was endothermic and spontaneous. Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） analysis and X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns of the adsorbent before and after adsorption indicated that fluoride ions were chemisorbed by these adsorbents.

关键词： adsorption defluoridation isotherms aluminium titanate bismuth aluminate

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Adsorption Isotherm Study of Activated Fruit Peels for Copper Removal

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2022年第3期29卷 93-100页

作者： S.Y.Tai L.L.Fong m.K.Chan P.K.Bullar Centre for Water Research Faculty of EngineeringBuilt Environment and Information TechnologySEGi University Sdn BhdPetaling Jaya 47810SelangorMalaysia

Heavy metal polluted water threatens the integrity of *** use of agricultural waste as adsorbent becomes popular due to its biodegradability and ***,limited research works has been done to process agricultural waste for heavy metal adsorption *** objective of this study is to propose a new approach to treat banana peel using ZnCl_(2) prior to alkali and acid treatment and explore the potential of dragon fruit peels as the adsorbent for Cu^(2+)*** adsorption isotherm was adopted to identify the adsorption mechanism and four statistical parameters were calculated for model verification *** experiment was conducted by dispersing ZnCl_(2) treated and untreated adsorbents into Cu^(2+) *** showed that ZnCl_(2) treated adsorbents performed better in terms of Cu^(2+) removal compared with untreated adsorbents due to higher surface area for Cu^(2+) *** treated banana peel(Act.-B)performed approximately 30%better than the treated dragon fruit peel(Act.-D)due to the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl *** equilibrium adsorptive capacity of Act.-B was 1872.8 mg Cu^(2+)/g and the experimental data fitted freundlich isotherm well with R^(2)=0.9978,0.0161 of residual sum of error(SSE),0.0068 of χ^(2),and 0.0567 of root mean square error(RmSE)*** suggests non⁃linear adsorption and multilayer adsorption on heterogenous ***,it is recommended to further improve the surface properties of Act.-B by steam pyrolysis and surface modification.

关键词： banana peel adsorbents dragon fruit peel adsorbents copper FTIR isotherm

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Influence of Fly Ash and Sewage Sludge Application on Cadmium and Lead Sorption by an Acidic Alfisol

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Pedosphere 2010年第4期20卷 436-445页

作者： S.m.SHAHEEN C.D.TSADILAS Department of Soil Sciences Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Kafrelsheikh National Agricultural Research Foundation Institute of Soil Mapping and Classification(Greece)

The safe recycling of fly ash (FA) and sewage sludge (SS) in the agricultural processes comprises an important environmental technology on waste management. Soils amended with FA and SS may change their ability to adsorb heavy metals due to either increase of soil pH or decomposition of sludge-borne organic matter. Thus, Cd and Pb sorption was investigated by 1-month incubation under soil moisture content at field capacity and room temperature with an acidic Typic Haploxeroalf from central Greece amended with varying amounts of FA and SS. Batch experiments were conducted by equilibrating the soil samples with CaCl2 solutions containing 0-400 mg Pb L-1 or 0-100 mg Cd L-1. The results showed that the freundlich equation described well the Cd and Pb sorption. Distribution coefficient (Kd) values of Pb were higher than those of Cd in all the treatments of this study. Application of FA increased Kd values for Cd and Pb to 8.2 and 2.3 times more than the controls, respectively. Simultaneous applications of FA and SS caused a Kd increase of 3.8 and 2.1 times compared to the treatments that received only SS for Cd and Pb, respectively. Treatment of SS alone did not significantly change Cd and Pb sorption compared to the controls. The sorption reactions seemed to be mainly affected by soil pH, which was revealed by the significant correlations of Cd and Pb sorption with soil pH. These suggested that fly ash was very useful as a low-cost adsorbent for Cd and Pb and could be used as an ameliorant for biosolid-amended acidic soils.

关键词：粉煤灰酸性应用污泥吸附污水铅镉

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Effects of Common Ions on Zn Sorption in Some Calcareous Soils of Western Iran

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Pedosphere 2012年第2期22卷 190-200页

作者： m.JALALI N.AHmADI mOHAmmAD ZINLI Department of Soil Science College of AgricultureBu-Ali Sina University

Zinc(Zn) is essential to plant growth and relatively mobile in *** study was conducted to assess the effect of common ions(Ca 2+,K +,Na +,NH + 4,Cl,NO 3,and H 2 PO 4) on sorption of Zn in surface samples of ten calcareous soils from western Iran using 10 mmol L 1 KCl,KNO 3,KH 2 PO 4,Ca(NO 3) 2,NaNO 3,and NH 4 NO 3 solutions as background *** results indicated that both NH + 4,K +,and Ca 2+ equally decreased Zn sorption as compared to Na +.Zinc sorption was decreased by H 2 PO 4 as compared to NO 3 and *** Langmuir and freundlich equations fitted closely to the sorption data of all *** Langmuir maximum,bonding energy constant,and freundlich distribution coefficient for Zn sorption differed among the various ionic background *** sorption parameters showed that the presence of H 2 PO 4 decreased the maximum Zn adsorbed,but increased the bonding *** K + and NH + 4 equally influenced maximum Zn adsorbed,they differed in their effect on the distribution coefficient of Zn in *** of saturation index calculated using Visual mINTEQ indicated that at the low Zn concentration,Zn solubility was controlled by sorption reactions and at the high Zn concentration,it was mainly controlled by sorption and mineral precipitation reactions,such as precipitation of Zn 3(PO 4) 2.4H 2 O,Zn 5(OH) 6(CO 3) 2,and ZnCO *** most ionic background electrolytes,soil pH,CaCO 3,and cation exchange capacity(CEC) were significantly correlated with sorption parameters.

关键词：石灰性土壤锌吸附离子对 Langmuir吸附西部伊朗磷酸二氢钾阳离子交换容量

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Eco friendly adsorbents for removal of phenol from aqueous solution employing nanoparticle zero-valent iron synthesized from modified green tea bio-waste and supported on silty clay

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第8期34卷 19-28页

作者： Shaimaa T.Kadhum Ghayda Yassen Alkindi Talib m.Albayati Department of Civil Engineering University of Technology52 Alsinaa St.BaghdadPO Box 35010Iraq Department of Chemical Engineering University of Technology52 Alsinaa St.Baghdad 35010Iraq

The present research investigated a novel route for the synthesis of nanoparticle zero-valent iron(NZVI)utilizing an aqueous extract of green tea waste as a reductant with ferric ***,the supported nanoparticle zerovalent iron was synthesized using natural silty clay as a support material(SC-NZVI).The NZVI and SC-NZVI were characterized by infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscope(SEm),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET),and zeta potential(ζ).The interpretation of the results demonstrated that the polyphenol and other antioxidants in green tea waste can be used as reduction and capping agents in NZVI synthesis,with silty clay an adequate ***,the experiments were carried out to explore phenol adsorption by NZVI and *** determine the optimum conditions,the impact of diverse experimental factors(i.e.,initial pH,adsorbent dose,temperature,and concentration of phenol)was ***,freundlich,and Tempkin isotherms were used as representatives of adsorption *** obtained results indicated that the adsorption processes for both NZVI and SC-NZVI well fitted by the freundlich isotherm *** appropriateness of pseudofirstorder and pseudosecondorder kinetics was *** experimental kinetics data were good explained by the second-order *** thermodynamic parameters(ΔH0,ΔS0,andΔG0)for NZVI and SC-NZVI were *** maximum removal rates of phenol at optimum conditions,when adsorbed onto NZVI and SC-NZVI,were found to be 94.8%and 90.1%,respectively.

关键词： Wastewater treatment Environment Nano zero-valent iron Silty clay Phenol Adsorption

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Comparison of Phosphorus Sorption by Light-Weight Aggregates Produced in the United States

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Pedosphere 2014年第6期24卷 808-816页

作者： m.D.BAKER S.SImKINS L.A.SPOKAS P.L.m.VENEmAN B.S.XING Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003 (USA) U.S.Army Fort HoodTX 76544 (USA)

In this study, phosphorus(P) sorption of thirteen light-weight aggregates(LWAs) from USA was compared during batch equilibrium experiments in order to identify those materials which had the highest P sorption capacity for further study. Seven different levels of sorption activity were observed, which were broadly grouped into three categories—high performing, middle performing, and low performing aggregates. Chemical analysis of Ca, Al, Fe, and mg was used to describe the differences between LWAs. There was a significant correlation between cation(especially Al, Ca, Fe, and mg) content and P sorbed. Langmuir isotherms were used to describe P sorption maximum and binding affinity for four of the top five performing LWAs, Universal, Stalite "D", Stalite "mix", and *** fifth aggregate, Lehigh, exhibited more complex sorption, and was better described by the freundlich isotherm. Universal had a mean P sorption at the highest concentration of 824 mg kg-1, well above its calculated sorption maximum(702 mg kg-1), and also had the highest binding affinity(1.1 L mg-1). This experiment suggests that the top performing LWA(Universal) may perform poorly in column and field studies due to observed precipitates, which could degrade constructed wetland performance. Other LWAs may exhibit superior field performance due to their high calculated sorption maxima. In general, these results highlight the importance of batch experiments as a first step in identifying materials suitable for column and field experiments.

关键词：磷吸附美国料比实验比较试验材料吸附能力吸附活性化学分析

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Dye removal using some surface modified silicate minerals

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2014年第2期24卷 183-189页

作者： Selim K.A. Youssef m.A. Abd El-Rahiem F.H. Hassan m.S. Central metallurgical Research and Development Institute

The objective of this work is to study the efficiency of some surface modified phyllosilicate minerals(bentonite and glauconite) in the removal of dyes from textile waste water. It is found that complete dye removal was achieved by using 10–25 g modified glauconite from solutions having a dye concentration of 10–50 mg/L. Adsorption data were modeled using Langmuir, freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. Adsorption capacities and optimum adsorption isotherms were predicted by linear regression method. The analysis of experimental isotherms showed that Langmuir isotherm reasonably fit the experimental data in the studied concentration range for the adsorption of dye onto glauconite mineral surface where freundlich isotherm fit the experimental data for the adsorption of dye onto bentonite mineral surface.

关键词：层状硅酸盐矿物染料废水表面改性 Langmuir吸附等温吸附数据吸附等温线实验数据矿物表面

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Pottery glaze——An excellent adsorbent for the removal of Cu(Ⅱ) from aqueous solution

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2012年第2期31卷 136-146页

作者： Rifaqat Ali Khan Rao m.Kashifuddin Environmental Research Laboratory Department of Applied ChemistryFaculty of Engineering and TechnologyAligarh Muslim University

In the present study,pottery glaze was investigated as an excellent adsorbent for the removal of Cu(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous *** of concentration,contact time,pH,and effect of electrolyte concentration,adsorbent doses and temperature were studied by using batch process to optimize conditions for maximum adsorption. Equilibrium isotherm data were analyzed using Langmuir,freundlich and Temkin isotherms at 30,40 and 50℃. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard enthalpy change(ΔH0),free energy change(ΔG 0)and entropy change (ΔS0)were also *** parameters indicated that adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous in *** mean energy calculated from Dubinin-Radushkeuich(D-R)isotherms showed chemical nature of *** kinetic data were evaluated using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second order kinetic equations and it was found that data best fitted pseudo-second-order model over a wide range of initial Cu(Ⅱ)concentrations supporting that chemisorption process was *** adsorption and desorption studies carried out by batch process suggested 100% desorption of Cu(Ⅱ)ions with 0.1 N HCl solution.

关键词：吸附剂水溶液除铜陶器 Langmuir 电解质浓度批处理过程釉

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Predicting phosphorus sorption isotherm parameters in soil using data of routine laboratory tests

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Pedosphere 2021年第5期31卷 694-704页

作者： Kathleen S.DUNNE Nicholas m.HOLDEN Karen DALY Teagasc Johnstown CastleEnvironmental Research CentreCo.Wexford Y35TC97(Ireland) UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4 D04VIW8(Ireland)

Knowledge of phosphorus(P)sorption dynamics across different soil types could direct agronomic and environmental management of *** objective of this study was to predict P isotherm parameters for a national soil population using data of routine laboratory *** and freundlich sorption parameters were calculated from two different ranges(0-25 and 0-50 mg P L^(-1))using an archive of representative agricultural soil types from *** linear regression(mLR)identified labile forms of aluminium(Al)and iron(Fe),organic matter(Om),cation exchange capacity(CEC),and clay as significant *** and freundlich sorption capacities,freundlich affinity constant,and Langmuir buffer capacity were predicted reliably,with R^(2) of independent validation>*** isotherm parameters were predicted from P sorbed at a single concentration of 50 mg P L^(-1)(S_(50)).An mLR prediction of P sorption maximum in the 0-50 mg P L-1 range was achieved,to an accurate standard,using S_(50),Om,and mehlich-3 Fe(R^(2) of independent calibration and validation being 0.91 and 0.95,respectively).Using Giles’four shapes of isotherms(C,L,H,and S),L non-strict-and C-shaped isotherm curves accounted for 64% and 27% of the soils,*** clustering identified a separation of isotherm curves influenced by two ranges of mehlich-3 *** with a low range of mehlich-3 Al(2.5-698 mg kg^(-1))had no incidence of rapid sorption(C shape).Single point indices,Al,or available soil data make the regression approach a feasible way of predicting Langmuir parameters that could be included with standard agronomic soil P testing.

关键词： available phosphorus binding fertilizer soil test sorption maximum

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