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The WhatsApp Application as a Teledentistry Tool in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Cameroon

Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第8期14卷 362-372页

作者： Karl Guy Grégoire Kwedi Ruth Karen Katia Kwedi fred-cyrille goethe doualla Charles Eboa Kwedi Charles Bengondo Messanga Department of Oral Maxillofacial and Periodontal Surgery Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Public Health School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaound Cameroon Society & Education Technologies Yaound Cameroon Health Medical School Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Technological advances have greatly influenced the healthcare sector. The ability to transmit information and deliver services using telecommunication tools continues to transform the way healthcare is delivered around the world. The aim of this study was to highlight the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of oral and maxillofacial surgery patients consulted using the WhatsApp application. Methodology: This was a three-year descriptive study with a retrospective data collection, from 2021 to 2023, of WhatsApp communications between our team and oral and maxillofacial surgeons in Cameroon. In this study, the type/content of messages received, the epidemiological data of practitioners and patients, the various pathologies diagnosed and the procedures performed were evaluated. Results: 319 communications were received for a total of 146 cases. Written messages associated with images (photographs and/or X-rays) were the most frequently received, at 85.62%. Hospitals in urban areas were the most represented at 93.84%. Oral health professionals in the private sector sent more messages (65.75%). In terms of diagnoses, tumour and cystic pathologies were the most common (28.08%), followed by impacted/retained teeth (22.6%). Patients were referred to our hospital for treatment in 62.33% of cases. Conclusion: The WhatsApp application is an easy-to-use telecommunications tool. It facilitates exchanges between practitioners and improves patient care in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

关键词： Teledentistry WhatsApp Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Cameroon

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Evaluation of Oxidative Status of Patients with Gout Attack in a Cameroonian Urban Hospital

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2017年第2期7卷 111-119页

作者： Jan René Nkeck Madeleine Singwé-Ngandeu Vicky Ama Moor Jean-Pierre Chedjou Marie-Sollange doualla Wilfred F. Mbacham Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Rheumatology unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Biochemistry laboratory of the Yaoundé University Hospital Centre Yaoundé Cameroon Biotechnology Centre of the University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Gout is the leading cause of microcrystalline arthritis worldwide and the most common cause of arthritis in adult men. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome is high among gout patients;one of the current hypotheses that may explain this relationship is based on oxidative stress;however, few studies have sought to investigate this relationship. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the oxidative status of patients with gout attack. Methods: We conducted a case-control study over a 4 months period at the Rheumatology service of the Yaoundé Central Hospital. Cases were patients with an acute gout attack and controls were healthy subjects matched for sex and age. We evaluated uricemia, serum levels of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Catalase and Malondialdehyde (MDA). Oxidative stress was defined by an increase in MDA and/or a decrease in SOD, Catalase and GPx. Statistical analysis was performed by the S.P.S.S. 21.0 software. The Student’s T-test was used to compare means;the significance threshold was 0.05. Results: Sixty subjects were recruited of which 30 with an acute gout attack and 30 healthy subjects. The mean ages of the cases and controls were respectively 58 ± 8 years and 57.6 ± 8 years. Uricemia was statistically higher in cases (81 ± 20 mg/L) compared to controls (47 ± 11 mg/L) (p < 0.001). MDA levels were higher among cases (1.37 ± 0.46 mmol/L) compared to controls (1.14 ± 0.39 mmol/L) (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum levels of catalase, SOD and GPx between cases and controls. Conclusion: Patients with gout attack have an elevated serum level of malondialdehyde but their oxidative status seems similar to that of normal individuals.

关键词： Gout Oxidative Stress

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Increased Risk of Arterial Stiffness in Rhumatoid Arthritis Patients in a Sub-Saharan African Setting

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第6期13卷 313-326页

作者： Asongwed Achu Reid Joshua Njimbuc Walinjom Collins Chenwi Eho Emerentia Achu Achiri Roosevelt Daniel Tchamdeu Jan Rene Nkeck Marie Solange doualla Daniel Lemogoum Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Medical Unit Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Hô pital Erasme Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium

Background: Analysis of arterial stiffness (AS) is a good marker of early arterial disease and an important determinant of cardiovascular risk, independent of other traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CfPWV) is the gold standard to evaluate arterial stiffness. There is evidence that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a higher arterial stiffness than their age-matched healthy counterparts and thus have higher cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, data on arterial stiffness in African rheumatoid arthritis patients is scarce. Objectives: To determine the patterns of arterial stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis patients in a sub-Saharan African setting, using CfPWV and Augmentation index (AIx). Method: We conducted a case-control study, at the Douala general hospital over four months (February to May 2018) on 63 subjects among which 31 RA patients matched for age and sex with 32 healthy subjects. AIx and CfPWV were determined non-invasively by radial pulse wave analysis and carotid femoral wave analysis respectively, using a sphygmocor Atcor device (SphygmoCor, PWV Medical, Sydney, Australia). Results: The mean age of RA patients was 47 ± 14 years with most of them being females (n = 26, 83.9%). CfPWV was significantly higher in RA patients compared to the control group (mean: 8.85 ± 2.1 vs 7.45 ± 1.38;p ≤ 0.01) as well as was AIx (Median: 33 [26 - 43] vs 26 [20 - 31];p = 0.01). RA (OR: 6.105;95% CI: 1.52 - 24.54;p 1.34;95% CI: 1.14 - 5.17;p = 0.05), elevated CRP levels (OR: 4.01;95% CI: 1.16 - 13.68;p = 0.03) and Hypertension (OR: 5.75;95% CI: 1.24 -11.60;p Conclusion: Arterial stiffness, a well-recognized marker of cardiovascular risk is increased among patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis when compared to a healthy control group.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Arterial Stiffness CfPWV Augmentation Index

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Peripheral Artery Disease in a Group of Apparently Healthy Young Cameroonians: A Cross-Sectional Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2018年第2期8卷 111-122页

作者： Félicité Kamdem Yacouba Njankouo Mapoure Ba Hamadou Fanny Souksouna Ahmadou Musa Jingi Caroline Kenmegne Fernando Kemta Lekpa Jaff Fenkeu Kweban Gisèlei Mandy Jean Pierre Nda Mefo’o Henry Luma Marie Solange doualla Internal Medicine Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Chemical Pathology Laboratory Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon

Background: The?burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is not well known among apparently healthy people in Africa. Aim: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of PAD in a group of blood donors seen at the Douala General Hospital—Cameroon. Methods: Between 1st November 2015 and 30th April 2016, we carried out a cross-sectional study. Participants were consenting adults of both sexes, aged ≥ 21 years who presented for blood donation, and were tested HIV negative. We collected socio-demographic data and their past history. We carried out a physical examination and measured their Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI). We defined PAD as an ABI Results: We recruited 103 participants, 55.4% males. The mean age was 33 ± 10 years. The mean ABI on left and right leg was 1.04 ± 0.1 and 1.02 ± 0.1respectively. ABI was higher in males than females both legs (p 0.05). PAD was seen in 11 (10.7%) participants. This was higher in females than males (3.6% versus 19.2%, p = 0.026). Among those with PAD, 8 (72.7%) were asymptomatic (Males: 100% versus Females: 66%, p = 0.9). After adjusting for age and gender, sedentary lifestyle (aOR: 7.14, [95% CI: 1.38 - 33.3], p = 0.019), and female gender (aOR: 6.2, [95% CI: 1.26 - 30.5], p = 0.025) were significantly associated with PAD. Conclusion: The prevalence of PAD was high in this group of HIV negative blood donors, most of whom were asymptomatic. This was associated with females, and a sedentary lifestyle.

关键词： Peripheral Artery Disease ABI Prevalence Risk Factors Douala

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Epidemiology, Clinical Presentations and In-Hospital Mortality of Venous Thromboembolism at the Douala General Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study in Cameroon, Sub-Saharan Africa

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2018年第2期8卷 123-132页

作者： Félicité Kamdem Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane Ba Hamadou Agborbessong Mongyui Marie Solange doualla Ahmadou Musa Jingi Anastase Dzudie Yves Monkam Henri Ngote Sidick Mouliom Caroline Kenmegne Jaff Kweban Fenkeu Romuald Hentchoya Albert Kana Aminata Coulibaly Henry Luma Internal Medicine Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Intensive Care Unit Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is also the most common complication in hospitalized patients. Aims:?To?study the in-hospital prevalence of VTE, describe the socio-demographic characteristics of patients, determine the frequency of risk factors, describe the clinical presentations, and determine the short term outcome of VTE in hospitalized patients in a low-income tertiary hospital setting.?Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive retrospective study over a period of 6 years and 4 months (January 2008 to April 2014) in the Douala General Hospital—Cameroon. Patients were cases of confirmed venous thromboembolic disease (VTE).?Results: A total of 78 case files were retained for this study, giving an in-hospital prevalence of 4.4 per 1000 admissions. There were 42 (53.8%) males and 36 (46.1%) females. Their ages ranged from 18 to 89 years (median: 53 years, [IQR: 40?-?61]).?There were 37 (47.4%) cases of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), 31 (39.7%) cases of Pulmonary Embolism (PE), and 10 (12.8%) cases of PE associated with DVT (12.8%). The main risk factors were obesity (44.9%), hypertension (37.2%), immobility (20.5%), and long-haul travel (17.9%). The most frequent clinical presentations in PE were dyspnea (80.5%) and chest pain (65.9%). There were 8 (10%) in-hospital deaths. Conclusion: About twelve cases of VTE are seen yearly at the DGH, with an in-hospital mortality of ten percent. Obesity and hypertension were the main risk factors, with dyspnea and chest pain being the main clinical manifestations in PE, and lower limb swelling the main symptom in DVT.

关键词： Epidemiology Clinical Presentation Mortality Venous Thromboembolism Cameroon Sub-Saharan Africa

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