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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第4期14卷 191-209页

作者： frank Abigail Sobze Kenfack Georges Kogge Kome Achille Bienvenue Ibrahim Viviane Pauline Mandah Dieudonne Bitondo Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Land Surveying National Advanced School of Public Works Yaound&#233 Cameroon International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Cameroon Eco-Regional Center HFS Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Earth Science Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

This study was conducted to assess the current stock of soil organic carbon under different agricultural land uses, soil types and soil depths in the Noun plain in western Cameroon. Three sites were selected for the study, namely Mangoum, Makeka and Fossang, representative of the three dominant soil types of the noun plain (Andosols, Acrisols and Ferralsols). Three land uses were selected per site including natural vegetation, agroforest and crop field. Soil was sampled at three depths;0 - 20 cm, 20 - 40 cm, and 40 - 60 cm. Analysis of variance showed that soil type did not significantly influence carbon storage, but rather land uses and soil depth. SOCS decreased significantly with depth in all the sites, with an average stock of 66.3 ± 15.8 tC/ha at 0 - 20 cm, compared to an average stock of 33.3 ± 7.4 tC/ha at 40 - 60 cm. SOCS was significantly highest in the natural formation with 57.2 ± 19.7 tC/ha, and lowest in cultivated fields, at 37.7 ± 10.6 tC/ha. Andosols, with their high content of coarse fragments, stored less organic carbon than Ferralsols and Acrisols.

关键词： Carbon Stocks Soil Type Soil Depth Agricultural Land Use Noun Plain

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《绿野仙踪》(节选)

疯狂英语（新读写） 2024年第4期 52-54,78页

作者： Lyman frank Baum 不详

1900年,莱曼·弗兰克·鲍姆完成《绿野仙踪》(即《奥兹国的魔术师》)。鲍姆写《绿野仙踪》时,并没有想到要把它写成多卷集,可是这部书获得了巨大的成功,在读者中引起越来越大的反响,人们要求把它写下去的呼声也越来越高。1900年,《绿野... 详细信息

1900年,莱曼·弗兰克·鲍姆完成《绿野仙踪》(即《奥兹国的魔术师》)。鲍姆写《绿野仙踪》时,并没有想到要把它写成多卷集,可是这部书获得了巨大的成功,在读者中引起越来越大的反响,人们要求把它写下去的呼声也越来越高。1900年,《绿野仙踪》出版后,连续两年高居童书畅销榜的首位。

关键词：《绿野仙踪》畅销榜莱曼

Effects of unilateral superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation on porcine hemodynamics and gas exchange during one-lung flooding

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 88-99页

作者： Thomas Lesser frank Wolfram Conny Braun Reiner Gottschall Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery SRH Wald Klinikum GeraGera D-07548Germany Central Experimental Animal Facility Jena University HospitalJena 07743Germany Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Jena University HospitalJena 07747Germany

BACKGROUND Superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation(SHFJV)is suitable for respiratory motion reduction and essential for effective lung tumor *** filling of the target lung wing one-lung flooding(OLF)is necessary for therapeutic ultrasound ***,whether unilateral SHFJV allows adequate hemodynamics and gas exchange is *** To compared SHFJV with pressure-controlled ventilation(PCV)during OLF by assessing hemodynamics and gas exchange in different animal *** SHFJV or PCV was used alternatingly to ventilate the non-flooded lungs of the 12 anesthetized pigs during *** animal positions were changed from left lateral position to supine position(SP)to right lateral position(RLP)every 30 *** each position,ventilation was maintained for 15 min in both *** variables and arterial blood gas levels were repeatedly *** Unilateral SHFJV led to lower carbon dioxide removal than PCV without abnormally elevated carbon dioxide *** slightly decreased oxygenation in SP and RLP compared with PCV;the lowest values of PaO_(2) and PaO_(2)/FiO_(2) ratio were found in SP[13.0;interquartile range(IQR):12.6-5.6 and 32.5(IQR:31.5-38.9)kPa].Conversely,during SHFJV,the shunt fraction was higher in all animal positions(highest in the RLP:0.30).CONCLUSION In porcine model,unilateral SHFJV may provide adequate ventilation in different animal positions during *** oxygenation and CO_(2) removal rates compared to PCV did not lead to hypoxia or *** can be safely used for lung tumor ablation to minimize ventilation-induced lung motion.

关键词： One-lung ventilation Unilateral superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation One-lung flooding

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圣庇护礼拜堂和祈祷园美国新奥尔良

世界建筑导报 2024年第1期39卷 101-103页

作者：无 Will Crocker(摄影) frank Methe(摄影) EDR建筑事务所不详

这座新建的小礼拜堂坐落于教堂园区内,不仅为祈祷者提供了一个安静且私密的圣所,更为其周边环境增添了一种微妙的雕塑感。在设计开始前,教众们一致认为新的小礼拜堂应该能够和谐地融入周边环境和毗邻的教堂及其引人注目的屋顶:该屋顶经... 详细信息

这座新建的小礼拜堂坐落于教堂园区内,不仅为祈祷者提供了一个安静且私密的圣所,更为其周边环境增添了一种微妙的雕塑感。在设计开始前,教众们一致认为新的小礼拜堂应该能够和谐地融入周边环境和毗邻的教堂及其引人注目的屋顶:该屋顶经过精心的设计,高于教堂地面75英尺以上。因此,新建的小礼拜堂与邻近的教堂形成了一个巧妙且安静的配合,虽然在尺度上有鲜明的对比,但在形式和材料上却是相似的。

关键词：小礼拜堂美国新奥尔良雕塑感教堂祈祷周边环境安静

Diagnostic delay in inflammatory bowel diseases in a German population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第29期30卷 3465-3478页

作者： Elisabeth Blüthner Annalena Dehe Carsten Büning Britta Siegmund Matthias Prager Jochen Maul Alexander Krannich Jan Preiß Bertram Wiedenmann Florian Rieder Raneem Khedraki frank Tacke Andreas Sturm Anja Schirbel Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus CharitéMitteCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 10117Germany Department of Gastroenterology Vivantes Klinikum im FriedrichshainBerlin 10249Germany Department of Internal Medicine Krankenhaus WaldfriedeBerlin 14163Germany Department of Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases and RheumatologyCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 12203Germany Praxis für Gastroenterologie Berlin Zehlendorf Berlin 14195Germany Gastroenterologie am Bayrischen Platz Berlin 10825Germany Clinical Trial Office Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 10117Germany Department of Gastroenterology Diabetology and HepatologyVivantes Klinikum NeuköllnBerlin 10117Germany Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDigestive Diseases and Surgery InstituteThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Internal Medicine DRK Kliniken Berlin WestendBerlin 14050Germany Gastroenterologie im Havelland Straße der EinheitFalkensee 14612Germany

BACKGROUND Early diagnosis is key to prevent bowel damage in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Risk factor analyses linked with delayed diagnosis in European IBD patients are scarce and no data in German IBD patients *** To identify risk factors leading to prolonged diagnostic time in a German IBD *** Between 2012 and 2022,430 IBD patients from four Berlin hospitals were enrolled in a prospective study and asked to complete a 16-item questionnaire to determine features of the path leading to IBD *** diagnostic time was defined as the time from symptom onset to consulting a physician(patient waiting time)and from first consultation to IBD diagnosis(physician diagnostic time).Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for each time *** The total diagnostic time was significantly longer in Crohn’s disease(CD)compared to ulcerative colitis(UC)patients(12.0 vs 4.0 mo;P<0.001),mainly due to increased physician diagnostic time(5.5 vs 1.0 mo;P<0.001).In a multivariate analysis,the predominant symptoms diarrhea(P=0.012)and skin lesions(P=0.028)as well as performed gastroscopy(P=0.042)were associated with longer physician diagnostic time in CD *** UC,fever was correlated(P=0.020)with shorter physician diagnostic time,while fatigue(P=0.011)and positive family history(P=0.046)were correlated with longer physician diagnostic *** We demonstrated that CD patients compared to UC are at risk of long diagnostic *** efforts should focus on shortening the diagnostic delay for a better outcome in these patients.

关键词： Diagnostic time Diagnostic delay Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Germany

The Evolutionary Profile of Patients Operated for Peptic Ulcer Perforation in Bujumbura

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Surgical Science 2024年第1期15卷 7-18页

作者： Jean Claude Mbonicura Prudence Bukuru Stanislas Harakandi frank Ijeneza Révérien Ndayirorere François Nduwimana Astère Mbonicura Department of General and Gastro-Intestinal Surgery Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé Faculty of Medicine University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Anesthesia-Resuscitations Faculty of Health Sciences Hope Africa University Bujumbura Burundi Department of Anesthesia-Resuscitation Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé Faculty of Medicine University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Andro-Urology Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé Faculty of Medicine University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Multi-Purpose Medicine Easter Grand Hospital Francilien Meaux France

Background: The evolutionary profile of patients operated for peptic ulcer perforation in Bujumbura. Perforated peptic ulcer is a serious complication of peptic ulcer with potential risk of grave complications. Aim: To study the early morbidity and mortality of surgery for peptic ulcer perforation in Bujumbura City Hall hospitals: Kamenge University Hospital Center (CHUK), Kamenge Military Hospital (HMK) and Prince Louis Rwagasore Clinic (CPLR). Patients and methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study carried out in the three hospitals of Bujumbura over a period of three years from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. It involved 57 cases (n = 57) of peptic ulcer perforation. Results: The frequency of surgery for peptic ulcer perforation was 2.7% with a mean age of 43.6 years +/- 15.3 years and a male predominance with a sex ratio of 3.7. Eight percent of patients presented with shock, 24.5% were smokers, and 67.9% had taken non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The mean hospital stay was 15.2 days with a standard deviation of 12.1. The morbidity rate was 30.2%, 32% were classified in grade IIIb of the Clavien-Dindo Surgical Complications Scale. There were 9 deaths (17%). Seven patients who underwent surgery and received late consultations died. Conclusion: Surgery for peptic ulcer perforation remains an intervention associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality in Bujumbura. Surgery for peptic ulcer perforation remains a procedure associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate in Bujumbura. The time before consultation was the only factor associated with early morbidity and mortality of Surgery for peptic ulcer’s perforations.

关键词： Peritonitis Peptic Ulcer Perforation Complications

Confirmation of a Sub-Saturn-size Transiting Exoplanet Orbiting a G Dwarf:TOI-1194 b and a Very Low Mass Companion Star: TOI-1251 B from TESS

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 129-143页

作者： Jia-Qi Wang Xiao-Jun Jiang Jie Zheng Hanna Kellermann Arno Riffeser Liang Wang Karen A.Collins Allyson Bieryla Lars A.Buchhave Steve B.Howell Elise Furlan Eric Girardin Joao Gregorio Eric Jensen Felipe Murgas Mesut Yilmaz Sam Quinn Xing Gao Ruo-Yu Zhou frank Grupp Hui-Juan Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy Of SciencesBeijing 10010China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China University Observatory Munich Scheinertrsse 1.D-81679 MunichGemany Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstr.1D-85748 GarchingGermany National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210042China CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China Center for Astrophysics Harvard&Smithsonian60 Garden Street.CambridgeMA 02138USA National Space Institute Technical University of DenmarkElektrovejDK-2800 KgsLyngbyDenmark NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA 94035USA NASA Exoplanet Science Institute Caltech/IPACMail Code 100-221200 E.California Blvd.PasadenaCA91125USA Grand Pra Observatory Switzerland Department of Physics Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130.USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Swarthmore CollegeSwarthmorePA 19081USA Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(IAC) E-38205 La Laguna.TenerifeSpain Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La LagunaSpain Dept.of Astronomy and Space Sciences Ankara UniversityTandogan 06100AnkaraTurkey Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Urumqi No.1 Senior High School Urumqi 830002China Lijiang Gemini Observatory Lijiang 674199China

We report the confirmation of a sub-Saturn-size exoplanet,TOI-1194 b,with a mass of about 0.456+0.055-0.051M_(J),and a very low mass companion star with a mass of about 96.5±1.5 MJ,TOI-1251 *** candidates provided by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS)are suitable for further follow-up observations by ground-based telescopes with small and medium *** analysis is performed based on data from several telescopes worldwide,including telescopes in the Sino-German multiband photometric campaign,which aimed at confirming TESS Objects of Interest(TOIs)using ground-based small-aperture and medium-aperture telescopes,especially for long-period ***-1194 b is confirmed based on the consistent periodic transit depths from the multiband photometric *** measure an orbital period of 2.310644±0.000001 days,the radius is 0.767+0.045-0.041RJ and the amplitude of the RV curve is 69.4_(-7.3)^(+7.9)m s^(-1).TOI-1251 B is confirmed based on the multiband photometric and high-resolution spectroscopic data,whose orbital period is 5.963054+0.000002-0.000001days,radius is 0.947+0.035-0.033 R_(J) and amplitude of the RV curve is 9849_(-40)^(+42)ms^(-1).

关键词： planets and satellites fundamental parameters-planets and satellites gaseous planets-stars fundamental parameters-stars low-mass-methods data analysis-techniques photometric-techniques spectroscopic

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强化银行抵御气候与环境风险的韧性

中国金融 2024年第12期 22-24页

作者：弗兰克·埃尔德森张林(译) 欧洲中央银行执委会欧洲中央银行监事会《中国金融》杂志编辑部

在银行与监管机构的共同努力下,气候与环境风险管理正逐步融入银行的整体风险管理、战略规划和公司治理中,这一进程的主要障碍已经清除2019年,欧洲中央银行首次与欧洲银行协会及其代表的银行机构讨论了气候与环境风险问题,5年来我们在... 详细信息

在银行与监管机构的共同努力下,气候与环境风险管理正逐步融入银行的整体风险管理、战略规划和公司治理中,这一进程的主要障碍已经清除2019年,欧洲中央银行首次与欧洲银行协会及其代表的银行机构讨论了气候与环境风险问题,5年来我们在这方面已经取得了长足的进步。正是由于成千上万名致力于气候风险管理的专家们日复一日辛勤工作,我们才积累了令人瞩目的专业知识并取得了丰硕成果。由于监管机构和银行之间的持续对话,气候和环境危机引发的风险正逐步被纳入银行的风险管理、战略规划和公司治理框架之中。为了增强银行抵御气候与环境风险的韧性,我们必须保持这种对话并促进良好实践的交流。

关键词：欧洲中央银行战略规划环境风险管理气候与环境监管机构专业知识治理框架气候风险管理

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哲学的本质

世界哲学 2024年第3期 132-139页

作者： [英]F.P.拉姆齐刘新文(译) 不详中国社会科学院大学哲学院中国社会科学院哲学研究所

在拉姆齐看来,哲学在本质上是一个定义体系。如果哲学是定义体系,那么哲学会遇到三个问题:如何定义;在没有定义时,对如何给出定义进行满意的描述;如何在哲学研究中避免循环论证。拉姆齐依次回答了这三个问题。

关键词：哲学定义定义体系循环论证

Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis development

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura J.Brylka Assil-Ramin Alimy Miriam E.A.Tschaffon-Müller Shan Jiang Tobias Malte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky Simon von Kroge Julian Delsmann Eva Pawlus Kian Eghbalian Klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa Melanie Haffner-Luntzer David J.Beech frank Timo Beil Michael Amling Johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Timur A.Yorgan Tim Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Department of Osteology and Biomechanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Department Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are mechanically activated ion channels,which are required for mechanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously demonstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the mechanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) animals displayed multiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only mildly affected in these mice,OA pathologies were markedly less pronounced compared to littermate controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte formation and maturation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of human ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream genes in ***,our data do not only demonstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists may be established as a novel approach to limit osteophyte formation in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 markedly ossification