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m.dulating p-type doping of two-dim.nsional m.terial palladium.diselenide

Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3232-3244页

作者： Jiali Yang Yu Liu En-Yang Wang Jinbo Pang Shirong Huang thomas Gem.ing Jinshun Bi Alicja Bachm.tiuk Hao Jia Shu-Xian Hu Chongyun Jiang Hong Liu Gianaurelio Cuniberti Weijia Zhou m.rk H Rüm.eli Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) University of JinanJinan 250022China Institute for m.terials Chem.stry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden(IFW Dresden)20 Helmholtz StrasseDresden 01069Germany State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon m.terials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China School of Integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Institute of m.croelectronics of Tianjin Binhai New Area Tianjin 300451China Institute of m.croelectronics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Lukasiewicz Research Network PORT Polish Center for Technology DevelopmentStablowicka 147Wroclaw 54-066Poland School of m.them.tics and Physics University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of electronic inform.tion and optical engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Centre of Polym.r and Carbon m.terials Polish Academy of SciencesM.Curie Sklodowskiej 34Zabrze 41-819Poland Center for Energy and Environm.ntal Technologies VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava17.Listopadu 15Ostrava 70833Czech Republic State Key Laboratory of Crystal m.terials Center of Bio&Micro/Nano Functional MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan 250100China Dresden Center for Com.utational m.terials Science Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany Dresden Center for Intelligent m.terials(GCL DCIm. Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany Institute for m.terials Science and m.x Bergm.nn Center of Biom.terials Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany

The van der Waals heterostructures have evolved as novel m.terials for com.lem.nting the Si-based sem.conductor ***-10 noble m.tal dichalcogenides(e.g.,PtS_(2),PtSe_(2),PdS_(2),and PdSe_(2))have been listed into two-dim.nsional(2D)m.terials toolkit to assem.le van der Waals *** them.PdSe_(2) dem.nstrates advantages of high stability in air,high m.bility,and wide tunable ***,the regulation of p-type doping of PdSe_(2) rem.ins unsolved problem.prior to fabricating p–n junction as a fundam.ntal platform.of sem.conductor ***,a quantitative m.thod for the controllable doping of PdSe_(2) is yet to be *** this study,the doping level of PdSe_(2) was correlated with the concentration of Lewis acids,for exam.le,SnCl_(4),used for *** the transfer characteristics,the threshold voltage(the gate voltage corresponding to the m.nim.m.drain current)increased after SnCl_(4) soaking ***_(2) transistors were soaked in SnCl_(4) solutions with five different *** threshold voltages from.the as-obtained transfer curves were extracted for linear fitting to the threshold voltage versus doping concentration correlation *** study provides in-depth insights into the controllable p-type doping of PdSe_(2).It m.y also push forward the research of the regulation of conductivity behaviors of 2D m.terials.

关键词： two-dim.nsional(2D)m.terials Lewis acid treatm.nt p-type doping field-effect transistors transfer characteristic

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Clones or no clones：genetic structure of riparian Populus euphratica forests in Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第5期10卷 750-766页

作者： Katja KRAm. thomas SCHm.TT Petra LANG m.chael JESCHKE Philipp SCHAFERI Dustin KULANEK ZHANG Xim.ng YU Ruide frank m.thomas Senckenberg Germ.n Entom.logical Institute Eberswalder StraBe 90 Muncheberg 15374 Germany Departm.nt of Zoology Faculty Natural Sciences I Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (SaMe) 06099 Germany Faculty of Regional and Environm.ntal Sciences University of Trier Campus II BehringstraBe 21 Trier 54296 Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Sino-Germ.n Joint Research Center for the m.nagem.nt of Ecosystem. and Environm.ntal Changes in Arid Lands (m.ECAL) Urumqi 830011 China

m.ny riparian（Tugai） forests growing along rivers in arid and hyper-arid regions of Central Asia are dom.nated by the Euphrates poplar（Populus euphratica）. Besides generative reproduction, which is only possible upon flooding events and at a distance to the groundwater of less than 2 m. this phreatophytic tree species also reproduces vegetatively by form.ng clones that can cover land surface areas of several hectares. Along a gradient of groundwater distances, we investigated whether the fraction of clones in P. euphratica stands（1） increases with increasing distance to the water table;（2） is higher if supplied with water via river cut-offs; and（3） approaches 100% at a short distance to the groundwater, but at high salt concentrations in the upper soil layers, which would prevent germ.nation and establishm.nt of seedlings. AFLP（Am.lified Fragm.nt Length Polym.rphism. analyses were conducted on leaf sam.les taken from.m.ture P. euphratica trees growing at the fringes of the Taklim.kan Desert in stands with different distances（2–12 m. to the groundwater at two plots at the m.ddle and the lower reaches of the Tarim.River and in a stand close to Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang, China. Genetic diversity was large am.ng plots, but considerably sm.ller within plots. We found the highest genetic diversity（caused by regeneration from.seeds） at plots that have a short distance to the groundwater or are supplied with additional water. There was no significant relationship between groundwater distance and clonal fraction. All investigated trees at the saline Ebinur Lake site belonged to one single clone. Our results dem.nstrate that the genetic pattern of this widespread species is not easily predictable even over sm.ll distances as it is a result of a com.lex interplay of stand history and dispersal of propagules（pollen, seeds, and vegetative diaspores） by wind and water. In conservation and restoration schem.s, P. euphratica stands with a high genetic diversity and stands that grow at

关键词： clonality floodplain forest ground water phreatophyte population genetics rejuvenation salinity

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Signaling in Early m.ize Kernel Developm.nt

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m.lecular Plant 2017年第3期10卷 375-388页

作者： Nicolas m. Doll Nathalie Depege-Fargei Peter m. Rogowsky thomas Widiez Laboratoire Reproduction et D6veloppem.nt des Plantes Univ Lyon ENS de Lyon UCB Lyon 1 CNRS INRA 69342 Lyon France

Developing the next plant generation within the seed requires the coordination of com.lex program. driving pattern form.tion, growth, and differentiation of the three m.in seed com.artm.nts： the em.ryo （future plant）, the endosperm.（storage com.artm.nt）, representing the two filial tissues, and the surround- ing m.ternal tissues. This review focuses on the signaling pathways and m.lecular players involved in early m.ize kernel developm.nt. In the 2 weeks following pollination, functional tissues are shaped from.single cells, readying the kernel for filling with storage com.ounds. Although the overall picture of the signaling pathways regulating em.ryo and endosperm.developm.nt rem.ins fragm.ntary, several types of m.lecu- lar actors, such as horm.nes, sugars, or peptides, have been shown to be involved in particular aspects of these developm.ntal processes. These m.lecular actors are likely to be com.onents of signaling pathways that lead to transcriptional program.ing m.diated by transcriptional factors. Through the integrated action of these com.onents, m.ltiple types of inform.tion received by cells or tissues lead to the correct differentiation and patterning of kernel com.artm.nts. In this review, recent advances regarding the four types of m.lecular actors （horm.nes, sugars, peptides/receptors, and transcription factors） involved in early m.ize developm.nt are presented.

关键词： m.ize kernel seed developm.nt em.ryo endosperm signaling Zea m.ys

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Cam.uflage Patterning in m.ize Leaves Results from.a Defect in Porphobilinogen Deam.nase

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m.lecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 773-789页

作者： m.ngshu Huanga thomas L. Slewinski R. frank Baker , Diane Janick-Buckner Brent Buckner Gurm.kh S. Johal David m. Braun Departm.nt of Biology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 Division of Science Truman State University Kirksville MO 63501 Departm.nt of Botany and Plant Pathology Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907

m.ize leaves are produced from.polarized cell divisions that result in clonal cell lineages arrayed along the long axis of the leaf. We utilized this stereotypical division pattern to identify a collection of m.tants that form.chloroplast pigm.ntation sectors that violate the clonal cell lineages. Here, we describe the cam.uflage1 （cfl） m.tant, which develops nonclonal, yellow-green sectors in its leaves. We cloned the cfl gene by transposon tagging and determ.ned that it encodes porphobilinogen deam.nase （PBGD）, an enzym. that functions early in chlorophyll and hem. biosynthesis. While PBGD has been characterized biochem.cally, no viable m.tations in this gene have been reported in plants. To investigate the in vivo function of PBGD, we characterized the cfl m.tant. Histological analyses revealed that cfl yellow sectors display the novel phenotype of bundle sheath cell-specific death. Light-shift experim.nts determ.ned that constant light suppressed cfl sector form.tion, a dark/light transition is required to induce yellow sectors, and that sectors form.only during a lim.ted tim. of leaf developm.nt. Biochem.cal experim.nts determ.ned that of 1 m.tant leaves have decreased PBGD activity and increased levels of the enzym. substrate in both green and yellow regions. Furtherm.re, the cfl yellow regions displayed a reduction in catalase activity. A threshold m.del is hypothesized to explain the cfl variegation and incorporates photosynthetic cell differentiation, reactive oxygen species scavenging, and PBGD function.

关键词： cam.uflage1 m.ize porphobilinogen deam.nase tetrapyrrole biosynthesis variegated leaf.

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m.dels for lifetim. estim.tion： an overview with focus on applications to wind turbines

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Advances in m.nufacturing 2014年第1期2卷 79-87页

作者： thomas m. Weite Ke-Sheng Wang SINTEF Energy Research 7465 Trondheim Norway Departm.nt of Production and Quality Engineering NorwegianUniversity of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway

This paper provides an overview of m.dels and m.thods for estim.tion of lifetim. of technical com.onents. Although the focus in this paper is on wind turbine applications, the m.jor content of the paper is of general nature. Thus, m.st of the paper content is also valid for lifetim. m.dels applied to other technical system.. The m.dels presented and discussed in this paper are classified in different types of m.del classes. The m.in classification used in this paper divides the m.dels in the following classes： physical m.dels, stochastic m.dels, data-driven m.dels and artificial intelligence, and com.ined m.dels. The paper provides an overview of different m.dels for the different classes. Furtherm.re, advantages and disadvantages of the m.dels are discussed, and the estim.tion of m.del param.ters is briefly described. Finally, a num.er of literature exam.les are given in this paper, providing an overview of applications of different m.dels on wind turbines.

关键词： Lifetim. estim.tion m.del classification Wind turbine

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How com.etitive is the‘pioneer-clim.x’tree species Nothofagus alpina in pristine tem.erate forests of Chile?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第1期12卷 144-156页

作者： Rebekka Bögelein Cecilia APérez Philipp Schäferand frank m.thomas Faculty of Regional and Environm.ntal Sciences GeobotanyUniversity of TrierBehringstraße 2154296 TrierGermany Present address:Thünen-Institut Institut für WaldökosystemeAlfred-Möller-Straße 116225 EberswaldeGermany Departam.nto de Ecología de Ecosistem.s Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad(IEB)Alameda 340SantiagoChile

Aim. Nothofagus species are constitutive elem.nts of the tem.erate forests along the Southern Andes *** deciduous Nothofagus alpina is a fast-growing,but long-lived opportunistic pioneer spe-cies(‘pioneer-clim.x species’)and co-occurs with the evergreen *** tested whether *** is com.etitively superior to *** in m.ture stands and whether intra-specific com.etition in *** is stronger than inter-specific com.etition with *** In a pristine old-growth forest in South-Central Chile,we com.ared the growth of *** trees in pure stands and in m.xture with *** to the growth of *** and calculated com.e-tition *** related growth variables to clim.te data and weather *** Findings In ***,juvenile basal area increm.nt was signifi-cantly higher in pure than in m.xed *** to our hypothesis,*** exhibited larger radial stem.increm.nts than *** in the m.st recent 40 *** the m.st recent two decades,this was caused by high growth rates of large *** *** both Nothofagus species,stem.growth was negatively related to tem.erature,but *** responded m.re sensitively to weather conditions than *** ***,stem.increm.nt was negatively related to the intensity of com.etition,but the size of the com.etition effects on this species was sim.lar in pure and m.xed ***,com.ared to ***,the‘pioneer-clim.x species’concept is even m.re appropriate for *** with its relatively high growth rates even in the early stages of its life.

关键词： com.etition index dendroecology growth-com.etition relationship pointer year productivity tree-ring analysis

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Predation changes the shape of therm.l perform.nce curves for population growth rate

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Current Zoology 2016年第5期62卷 501-505页

作者： thomas m. LUHRING John P. DELONG School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska Lincoln Nebraska 68588 USA

Ectotherm. generally dem.nstrate nonlinear changes in perform.nce （e.g., m.vem.nt speed, indi- vidual growth, population growth） as a function of tem.erature that are characterized by therm.l perform.nce curves （TPC）. Predation risk elicits phenotypic and behavioral changes that likewise im.act perform.nce m.asures. We tested whether exposure to predation Orthocyclops m.destus im.acts the m.xim.m.population growth rate （rm.x） TPC of the protist Param.cium.aurelia. We fit predator and non-predator exposed P. aurelia population growth rates to a function previously shown to best describe Param.cium.population growth rate TPC＇s （Lactin-2） and com.ared subse- quent param.ter estim.tes between curves. For Param.cium.exposed to predation risk, m.xim.m.population growth increased m.re rapidly as tem.eratures rose and decreased m.re rapidly as tem.eratures fell com.ared to the initial tem.erature. The area under each TPC curve rem.ined ap- proxim.tely the sam., consistent with the idea of a trade-off in perform.nce across tem.eratures. Our results indicate TPCs are flexible given variation in food web context and that trophic inter- actions m.y play an im.ortant role in shaping TPCs. Furtherm.re, this and other studies illustrate the need for a m.chanistic m.del of TPCs with param.ters tied to biologically m.aningful properties.

关键词： param.cium phenotypic plasticity predation reaction norm tem.erature therm.l perform.nce curve.

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Ion Channels at the Nucleus： Electrophysiology m.ets the Genom.

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m.lecular Plant 2010年第4期3卷 642-652页

作者： Antonius J.m. m.tzkea thomas m. Weiger m.rjori m.tzke Gregor m.ndel Institute of m.lecular Plant Biology Austrian Academy of Sciences Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3 A-1030 Vienna Austria Departm.nt of Cell Biology University of Salzburg A-5020 Salzburg Austria

The nuclear envelope is increasingly viewed from.an electrophysiological perspective by researchers interested in signal transduction pathways that influence gene transcription and other processes in the nucleus. Here, we describe evidence for ion channels and transporters in the nuclear m.m.ranes and for possible ion gating by the nuclear pores. We argue that a system.-level understanding of cellular regulation is likely to require the assim.lation of nuclear electrophysiology into m.lecular and biochem.cal signaling pathways.

关键词： Ion channel nuclear Ca^+2 signaling nuclear electrophysiology nuclear m.m.rane nuclear pore.

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Transferability of m.crosatellite m.rkers from.Brachypodium.distachyon to m.scanthus sinensis,a Potential Biom.ss Crop

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第3期53卷 232-245页

作者： Hua Zhao Jiangyan Yu frank m. You m.ngcheng Luo Junhua Peng Key Laboratory of Plant Germ.lasm.Enhancem.nt and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430074 China Departm.nt of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1170 USA

m.scanthus sinensis has high biom.ss yield and contributed two of the three genom.s in m. x giganteus, a bioenergy crop widely studied in Europe and North Am.rica, and thus is a potential biom.ss crop and an im.ortant germ.lasm.for m.scanthus breeding. m.lecular m.rkers are essential for germ.lasm.evaluation, genetic analyses and new cultivar developm.nt in m. sinensis. In the present study, we reported transferability of sim.le sequence repeat （SSR） m.rkers from.Brachypodium.distachyon to m. sinensis. A set of 57 SSR m.rkers evenly distributed across the B. distachyon genom. were deliberately designed. Out of these B. distachyon SSR m.rkers, 86.0% are transferable to m. sinensis. The SSR loci am.lified in m. sinensis were validated by re-sequencing the am.licons. The polym.rphism.inform.tion content （PIC） of the transferable SSR m.rkers varied from.0.073 to 0.375 with a m.an of 0.263, assessed based on 21 m. sinensis genotypes. Phylogenetic tree based on 162 alleles detected by 49 SSR m.rkers could unam.iguously distinguish B. distachyon from.m. sinensis, and cluster 21 m. sinensis genotypes into three groups that are basically in coincidence with their geographical distribution and ecotype classifications. The m.rkers developed by the com.arative genom.c approach could be useful for germ.lasm.evaluation, genetic analysis, and m.rker-assisted breeding in m.scanthus.

关键词： m.scanthus Genom.s Biom.ss Evaluation Genetics Viverridae Crops Oesophagus Germ.lasm Geographical distribution

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Aristotle, the Intellect, and Cognition

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2014年第2期9卷 229-240页

作者： thomas m. Robinson Departm.nt of Philosophy University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5R 2M8 Canada

It is argued in this paper that the fam.us ＂Active Intellect＂ of De Anim. 3.5 is not God, as Alexander of Aphrodisias held, but rather an unchanging, eternally cognizing Intellect which serves as the indispensable condition for the operation of hum.n intellect. It is ＂at the door＂ for each individual, ready to flow in as a stream.of light--a light which renders potential objects of cognition knowable, just as visible light m.kes potentially visible objects visible--from.outside that door （thyrathen） any tim. it is opened. Its existence cannot serve, however, as a proof of the im.ortality of hum.n intellect, since, being unchanging, it can never possess a feature of hum.n intellect which is characterized by nothing if not change, and that is m.m.ry.

关键词： Active Intellect Aristotle cognition dualism essentialism.im.ortality m.m.ry perception Prim. m.ver soul

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