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Growth of the tropical Pinus kesiya as influenced by climate and nutrient availability along an elevational gradient

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第1期13卷 97-106页

作者： Le Tuan Ho Raimund Schneider frank m.thomas Department of Geobotany University of TrierFaculty of Regional and Environmental SciencesBehringstraße 2154296 TrierGermany Department of Forest Resources management Faculty of ForestryNong Lam University HCMCThu Duc DistrictHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Department of Soil Science University of TrierFaculty of Regional and Environmental SciencesBehringstraße 2154296 TrierGermany

Aims In contrast to temperate regions,the reasons for growth reductions of individual tree species along elevational gradients in tropical mountain ranges are poorly known,especially for tropical *** aimed at testing whether climatic or edaphic conditions are responsible for the reduced growth of Pinus kesiya,a widely distributed pine species of southern and south-eastern Asia,at higher *** We analysed the stem diameter increment and the isotope discrimination against ^(13)C(△^(13)C)in tree rings of *** along an elevational gradient of~900 to~2000 m *** the mountain ranges of South-Central Vietnam,and related growth to△^(13)C and to climatic and edaphic *** findings We found no consistent correlation patterns between the basal area increment(BAI)of the trees and temperature or *** contrast,across the elevational gradient,we obtained significantly negative correlations of BAI with△^(13)C and with the C/N ratios and theδ^(15)N signature of the upper mineral *** was positively correlated with the concentrations of plant-available phosphorus(P_(a))and of“base”cations(calcium,magnesium,potassium)in the *** conclude that lower temperatures at higher elevations exert an indirect effect on tree growth by inducing higher C/N ratios and by reducing the rate of nitrogen(N)and P mineralization,which may be further hampered by lower concentrations of“base”cations(upon enhanced leaching by precipitation)and a negative feedback from low availability of mineralized N and P at higher *** results may be transferable to the uppermost growth limit of *** and to other montane regions of the species’occurrence.

关键词： dendroecology pine pointer year soil nutrient stable isotope

Stand structure and productivity of Populus euphratica along a gradient of groundwater distances at the tarim River(NW china)

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 753-764页

作者： frank m.thomas michael Jeschke Ximing Zhang Petra Lang Geobotany Faculty of Regional and Environmental SciencesUniversity of TrierBehringstraße 2154296 TrierGermany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences40 South Beijing Road830011 UrumqiChina

Aims Along central-Asian rivers in arid regions,lowering of the ground-water level constitutes a major threat to the riparian forests,whose tree layers are dominated by Euphrates poplar(Populus euphratica).Some of these fragile ecosystems are supplied with additional(‘eco-logical’)water for protection and *** investigated interrelationships among groundwater distance,stand structure and above-ground wood production(at the tree and the stand level)in *** stands along a groundwater gradient(distances of 2.0-12.0 m)that also included a plot supplied with‘ecological water’.methods We measured the height,diameter at breast height and basal area of poplar trees and determined the annual above-ground wood production for the three most recent years on the basis of tree-ring analyses and allometric regressions at three sites at the upper,mid-dle and lower reaches of the tarim River,Xinjiang,NW *** Findingsthe distribution of age classes differed significantly among the plots:in accordance with their life histories,stands growing at a larger distance to the groundwater harboured a larger fraction of old trees(>80 years)and,in most cases,a smaller fraction of young trees(≤20 years).the annual above-ground wood production per ha was highest on a plot with a short groundwater distance(2.0 m;maxi-mum of the 3-year investigation period:3.0 t ha−1 a−1)and lowest,at a plot with a large distance to the water table(6.6 m;minimum:0.23 t ha^(−1)a^(−1)).However,the plot located close to the groundwater(and to the river)at the middle reaches exhibited a relatively large interannual variation in above-ground wood production,which can be attributed to interannual variations in the river *** the middle and the lower reaches,these interannual variations on plots with the most favourable water supply were even more obvious at the tree *** the fraction of mature trees(60-99 years old),no significant differences in above-ground wood production were

关键词： allometry ground water life history tree-age distribution tugai forest

Weather or weathering?Growth of Nothofagus dombeyi on volcanic soils differing in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第5期9卷 596-607页

作者： Christoph Walter Cecilia A.Pérez frank m.thomas Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences GeobotanyUniversity of TrierBehringstraße 2154296 TrierGermany Departamento de Ecología de Ecosistemas Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad(IEB)Alameda 340SantiagoChile

Aims We tested whether—in addition to weather conditions—the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the substrate have an effect on the radial stem increment of Nothofagus dombeyi trees in old-growth forest stands on volcanic soil at the western slopes of the Andes in South-Central *** We took soil samples and tree increment cores from five proximate sites(1000-1300 m a.s.l.)that are located in the volcanic region of the Conguillío National Park and differ in the age of the substrate(miocene—3500 years B.P.)and in its concentrations of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P).The soil samples were also analysed on their concentrations of other plant mineral nutrients,carbon(C)and nitrogen isotope ratios(δ^(15)N).Tree-ring widths and the stem basal area increment(BAI)were related to climate *** selected tree rings,the stable isotope ratios of carbon(δ^(13)C)and oxygen(δ^(18)O)were determined and related to growth and climate *** FindingsConsistent with theory,the soils on the oldest substrate showed the highest(least negative)δ^(15)N values,but mineral N was the only nutrient whose concentration exhibited a straightforward(increasing)relationship with increasing substrate *** BAI was largest on the soil with the highest concentration of plant-available *** contrast to BAI,tree-ring chronologies did not differ among the study ***,tree-ring chronologies and BAI exhibited significantly positive correlations with summer precipitation,and negative correlations,with summer(December)temperature.A negative correlation was found betweenδ^(13)C and precipitation anomalies in the growing season(November-march).We interpret the negative correlations between growth and temperature,and betweenδ^(13)C andδ^(18)O in the tree rings,as an impairment of net carbon assimilation by anomalously warm weather conditions during the growing *** conclude that the growth of *** is mainly affected by high temperature and low precipitation

关键词： Andisol annual ring dendroecology temperate broadleaf forest weather anomalies

Clones or no clones：genetic structure of riparian Populus euphratica forests in Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第5期10卷 750-766页

作者： Katja KRAmP thomas SCHmITT Petra LANG michael JESCHKE Philipp SCHAFERI Dustin KULANEK ZHANG Ximing YU Ruide frank m thomas Senckenberg German Entomological Institute Eberswalder StraBe 90 Muncheberg 15374 Germany Department of Zoology Faculty Natural Sciences I Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (SaMe) 06099 Germany Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences University of Trier Campus II BehringstraBe 21 Trier 54296 Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Sino-German Joint Research Center for the management of Ecosystems and Environmental Changes in Arid Lands (mEECAL) Urumqi 830011 China

many riparian（Tugai） forests growing along rivers in arid and hyper-arid regions of Central Asia are dominated by the Euphrates poplar（Populus euphratica）. Besides generative reproduction, which is only possible upon flooding events and at a distance to the groundwater of less than 2 m, this phreatophytic tree species also reproduces vegetatively by forming clones that can cover land surface areas of several hectares. Along a gradient of groundwater distances, we investigated whether the fraction of clones in P. euphratica stands（1） increases with increasing distance to the water table;（2） is higher if supplied with water via river cut-offs; and（3） approaches 100% at a short distance to the groundwater, but at high salt concentrations in the upper soil layers, which would prevent germination and establishment of seedlings. AFLP（Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism） analyses were conducted on leaf samples taken from mature P. euphratica trees growing at the fringes of the Taklimakan Desert in stands with different distances（2–12 m） to the groundwater at two plots at the middle and the lower reaches of the Tarim River and in a stand close to Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang, China. Genetic diversity was large among plots, but considerably smaller within plots. We found the highest genetic diversity（caused by regeneration from seeds） at plots that have a short distance to the groundwater or are supplied with additional water. There was no significant relationship between groundwater distance and clonal fraction. All investigated trees at the saline Ebinur Lake site belonged to one single clone. Our results demonstrate that the genetic pattern of this widespread species is not easily predictable even over small distances as it is a result of a complex interplay of stand history and dispersal of propagules（pollen, seeds, and vegetative diaspores） by wind and water. In conservation and restoration schemes, P. euphratica stands with a high genetic diversity and stands that grow at

关键词： clonality floodplain forest ground water phreatophyte population genetics rejuvenation salinity

How competitive is the‘pioneer-climax’tree species Nothofagus alpina in pristine temperate forests of Chile?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第1期12卷 144-156页

作者： Rebekka Bögelein Cecilia APérez Philipp Schäferand frank m.thomas Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences GeobotanyUniversity of TrierBehringstraße 2154296 TrierGermany Present address:Thünen-Institut Institut für WaldökosystemeAlfred-Möller-Straße 116225 EberswaldeGermany Departamento de Ecología de Ecosistemas Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad(IEB)Alameda 340SantiagoChile

Aims Nothofagus species are constitutive elements of the temperate forests along the Southern Andes *** deciduous Nothofagus alpina is a fast-growing,but long-lived opportunistic pioneer spe-cies(‘pioneer-climax species’)and co-occurs with the evergreen *** tested whether *** is competitively superior to *** in mature stands and whether intra-specific competition in *** is stronger than inter-specific competition with *** In a pristine old-growth forest in South-Central Chile,we compared the growth of *** trees in pure stands and in mixture with *** to the growth of *** and calculated compe-tition *** related growth variables to climate data and weather *** Findings In ***,juvenile basal area increment was signifi-cantly higher in pure than in mixed *** to our hypothesis,*** exhibited larger radial stem increments than *** in the most recent 40 *** the most recent two decades,this was caused by high growth rates of large *** *** both Nothofagus species,stem growth was negatively related to temperature,but *** responded more sensitively to weather conditions than *** ***,stem increment was negatively related to the intensity of competition,but the size of the competition effects on this species was similar in pure and mixed ***,compared to ***,the‘pioneer-climax species’concept is even more appropriate for *** with its relatively high growth rates even in the early stages of its life.

关键词： competition index dendroecology growth-competition relationship pointer year productivity tree-ring analysis

Regulation of the water status in three co-occurring phreatophytes at the southern fringe of the Taklamakan Desert

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2008年第4期1卷 227-235页

作者： frank m.thomas Andrea Foetzki Dirk Gries Helge Bruelheide Xiangyi Li Fanjiang Zeng Ximing Zhang Department of Plant Ecology Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant SciencesGeorg-August-Universitat GottingenUntere Karspule 237073 GottingenGermany Present address:Department of Geobotany University of TrierBehringstraße 2154296 TrierGermany Eidgenossisches Institut fur Agrarokologie und Landwirtschaft Forschungsanstalt AgroscopeReckenholzstrasse 1918046 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergAm Kirchtor 106108 Halle(Saale)Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences40 South Beijing Road830011 UrumqiChina

Aims We investigated the regulation of the water status in three predominant perennial C3 phreatophytes(Alhagi sparsifolia,Populus euphratica,Tamarix ramosissima)at typical sites of their occurrence at the southern fringe of the hyperarid Taklamakan Desert(north-west China).methods In the foreland of the river oasis of Qira(Cele),we determined meteorological variables,plant biomass production,plant water potentials(WL)and the water flux through the *** calculated the hydraulic conductance on the flow path from the soil to the leaves(kSL)and tested the effects of kSL,WL and the leaf-to-air difference in the partial pressure of water vapour(Dw)on stomatal regulation using regression *** Findings Despite high values of plant water potential at the point of turgor loss,all plants sustained WL at levels that were high enough to maintain transpiration throughout the growing *** ***,stomatal resistance(rs;related to leaf area or leaf mass)was most closely correlated with kSL;whereas in ***,~70%of the variation in rs was explained by *** ***,leaf area-related rs was significantly correlated with WL and *** regulation mechanisms are in accordance with the growth patterns and the occurrence of the species in relation to their distance to the ground water.

关键词： aboveground growth extreme aridity stomatal conductance transpirational demand vapour pressure deficit

Water Relations on Alhagi sparsifolia in the Southern Fringe of Taklamakan Desert

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2002年第10期44卷 1219-1224页

作者：李向义张希明曾凡江 Andrea FOETZKI frank m .thomas 李小明 michael RUNGE 何兴元中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所乌鲁木齐830011 德国哥廷根大学生态与生态系统研究所哥廷根d37073 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳110016

Water relations of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. at the transition zone between oases and sandy desert were studied in the southern fringe of Taklamakan Desert. Results showed that A. sparsifolia maintained the positive turgor during the summer. The steady high predawn water potential (psi(P)) indicated A. sparsifolia had sufficient hydration and water supply in growing season. In July, water deficit caused by drought stress had no effect on the transpiration of A. sparsifolia. Therefore, drought stress is not a main factor affecting the survival of plants. The physiological adaptation to drought of A. sparsifolia was shown mainly at the leaf level by significant difference (DeltaII) and relative water content (RWC) between the osmotic pressure at full turgor and at turgor loss, by occurring of osmotic adjustment, by high percentage of dry mass-related water content ( WCsat), by RWC at turgor loss point ( RWCp) in stable level and low RWC of the saturated symplast (RWCsym). However, the morphological features of transpiring surface reduction and deep root system seem to be the main way for the plant to adapt to the extreme drought environment. Result also suggests that one time of irregular irrigation in summer will not be helpful to recover water status of A. sparsifolia in location where the water table is very low.

关键词： Alhagi sparsifolia water relation drought stress water potential PV parameters irrigation effect

沙漠-绿洲过渡带四种多年生植物水分关系特征

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生态学报 2004年第6期24卷 1164-1171页

作者：李向义张希明何兴元曾凡江 Andrea FOETZKI frank m thomas 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所乌鲁木齐830011 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳110016 德国哥廷根大学生态与生态系统研究所哥廷根d37073

沙漠 -绿洲过渡带地区植被的可持续性在防止绿洲沙漠化的过程中非常重要。对过渡带主要植物种骆驼刺 (Alhagisparsifolia Shap)、多枝柽柳 (Tamarix ramosissima L ebed.)、胡杨 (Populus euphratica Oliv.)和头状沙拐枣 (Calligonum ca... 详细信息

沙漠 -绿洲过渡带地区植被的可持续性在防止绿洲沙漠化的过程中非常重要。对过渡带主要植物种骆驼刺 (Alhagisparsifolia Shap)、多枝柽柳 (Tamarix ramosissima L ebed.)、胡杨 (Populus euphratica Oliv.)和头状沙拐枣 (Calligonum caput-medusae Schrenk.)水分关系的研究表明 :4种植物的水分恢复状况良好 ,清晨水势一直较高 ,水分亏缺并不严重。渗透势和正午水势的降低幅度不大 ,变化比较平稳 ,更像是一种生长过程中的结果 ,植物的水分胁迫状况并不明显。 4种植物的水势和渗透势都高于典型的荒漠植物 ,属于中生植物的范围。水分参数的变化显示在同样的环境节律下 ,四种植物在水分生理的变化特征上有一致性。一直很高的 RWCp 值表明植物不能适应剧烈的水分损失和较低的水分含量 ,植物需要稳定充足的水分供应来适应塔克拉玛干极端气候条件下的生长环境。植物对环境胁迫也有各自不同的生理适应特点 ,胡杨的ΔΠ值大 ,能忍受较多的水分损失维持气孔的开放 ;骆驼刺的Ψp 值最高 ,水分亏缺的平衡与恢复效果明显 ;C4 植物头状沙拐枣能维持较高的水势和渗透势 ,而盐土植物多枝柽柳能忍受水势的很大降低。夏季一次性灌溉对骆驼刺、多枝柽柳和胡杨水分状况的改善基本没有影响 ,对头状沙拐枣有一定的帮助。植物?

关键词：水分关系干旱胁迫灌溉效果地下水塔克拉玛干沙漠

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自然状况下头状沙拐枣对水分条件变化的响应

植物生态学报 2003年第4期27卷 516-521页

作者：李向义 frank m.thomas Andrea FOETZKI 曾凡江张希明何兴元中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳110016 德国哥廷根大学生态与生态系统研究所哥廷根d37073 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所乌鲁木齐830011

对塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘沙漠-绿洲过渡带前沿人工植被头状沙拐枣(Calligonum caput-medusae)水分关系的研究表明:头状沙拐枣在生长季节中一直保持着正的膨压,水分亏缺的发展并不严重,植被所受水分胁迫在正常范围内,因而在现存条件下干旱... 详细信息

对塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘沙漠-绿洲过渡带前沿人工植被头状沙拐枣(Calligonum caput-medusae)水分关系的研究表明:头状沙拐枣在生长季节中一直保持着正的膨压,水分亏缺的发展并不严重,植被所受水分胁迫在正常范围内,因而在现存条件下干旱引起的水分胁迫不足以威胁植被的存在。在生长进程中,随着环境胁迫的加剧,头状沙拐枣依然维持了比较高的水势和渗透势,实验结果也显示植株体内可溶性物质(N_sDm)的累积程度并没有升高,因而其生理过程仍然在比较宽松的环境中进行。相对含水量(RWC_p)在生长季节一直保持很高的水平,这对植株保持体内水分防止水分过度损失有利。头状沙拐枣在干旱胁迫下表现出的这些生理特点说明,植物对干旱环境的生理适应类型属于抵抗型。在叶水平上植株对干旱胁迫的水分生理适应主要表现为质外体水比例的增高,细胞壁弹性的增加,持续较高的相对含水量(RWC_p)以及灌水后RWC_p和枝条水分比值(WC_(sat))的增加上。夏季的引洪灌溉有助于头状沙拐枣水分状况的恢复,并很可能是植被免于严重水分胁迫的原因之一。

关键词：自然状况头状沙拐枣水分条件干旱胁迫水势灌溉效果