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基于起讫点的均衡交通分配改进算法

系统工程理论与实践 2012年第10期32卷 2315-2322页

作者：任刚刘晓庆顾程东南大学南京210096 江苏伟信工程咨询有限公司南京210096

Anthony Chen(2002)提出的基于起讫点的frank-Wolfe(ODBFW)算法,对同一起点的所有OD对搜索最短路树,采用one-OD-at-a-time流量更新策略,是一种收敛性能较好的均衡交通分配算法.主要对ODBFW算法的初始化、线性搜索及最短路搜索算法进行改... 详细信息

Anthony Chen(2002)提出的基于起讫点的frank-Wolfe(ODBFW)算法,对同一起点的所有OD对搜索最短路树,采用one-OD-at-a-time流量更新策略,是一种收敛性能较好的均衡交通分配算法.主要对ODBFW算法的初始化、线性搜索及最短路搜索算法进行改进,提出ODBFW改进算法.将ODBFW改进算法应用于国际上同类研究常用的Sioux Falls网络及我国山东省诸城市实际道路网,比较标准FW算法、ODBFW算法及ODBFW改进算法的可行性、效率及稳定性.结果显示,改进算法效率较标准FW算法有显著提高,稳定性较好.在小型测试路网上改进算法较ODBFW算法达到收敛的时间减少近15%,在大型测试路网上减少近5%.

关键词：均衡交通分配基于起讫点的frank-Wolfe算法(ODBFW) 改进算法最短路

君欲善其事,必先利其器!——2017年诺贝尔化学奖评介

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中国生物化学与分子生物学报 2017年第10期33卷 979-984页

作者：尹长城北京大学医学部基础医学院生物物理学系

2017年诺贝尔化学奖授予三位冷冻电镜领域的学者瑞士洛桑大学的退休荣誉教授Jacques Dubochet、美国哥伦比亚大学的美国科学院院士Joachim frank和英国剑桥MRC分子生物学实验室的英国皇家学会院士Richard Henderson,奖励他们对冷冻电镜... 详细信息

2017年诺贝尔化学奖授予三位冷冻电镜领域的学者瑞士洛桑大学的退休荣誉教授Jacques Dubochet、美国哥伦比亚大学的美国科学院院士Joachim frank和英国剑桥MRC分子生物学实验室的英国皇家学会院士Richard Henderson,奖励他们对冷冻电镜技术的发展做出的原创性贡献。

关键词：冷冻电镜诺贝尔奖

冷冻电镜技术的突破导致结构生物学发生革命性变化

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中国生物化学与分子生物学报 2018年第1期34卷 1-12页

作者：尹长城北京大学医学部生物物理学系北京大学蛋白质科学中心北京100083

最近,冷冻电镜技术的突破引起结构生物学发生了革命。这一革命导致2017年诺贝尔化学奖授予对冷冻电镜技术发展做出开创性贡献的3位科学家Jacques Dubochet、Joachim frank和Richard Henderson。本文将综述冷冻电镜的发展历程,导致结构... 详细信息

最近,冷冻电镜技术的突破引起结构生物学发生了革命。这一革命导致2017年诺贝尔化学奖授予对冷冻电镜技术发展做出开创性贡献的3位科学家Jacques Dubochet、Joachim frank和Richard Henderson。本文将综述冷冻电镜的发展历程,导致结构生物学革命的冷冻电镜关键技术,包括电镜、图像记录装置和图像处理算法方面的突破,以及中国科学家应用冷冻电镜取得的重要科学成就,涵盖基因表达/调控、蛋白质合成/降解、膜蛋白、免疫、病毒等相关蛋白复合体。最后,对冷冻电镜的未来发展方向进行展望。

关键词：冷冻电镜结构生物学蛋白质分子机器

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程然:奇迹寻踪

艺术界 2015年第3期 194-195页

作者：刘溪 frank Qian

程然在麦勒画廊的第五次个展“奇迹寻踪”，如同此前他的所有作品、展览，仍然是一个充满援引、互相指涉的能指锁链。这八件作品可从主题上分为三个部分。讲述艺术家过去两年间在荷兰的经验，以单件作品的空间考量，而非视觉上作品间的... 详细信息

程然在麦勒画廊的第五次个展“奇迹寻踪”，如同此前他的所有作品、展览，仍然是一个充满援引、互相指涉的能指锁链。这八件作品可从主题上分为三个部分。讲述艺术家过去两年间在荷兰的经验，以单件作品的空间考量，而非视觉上作品间的结构关系，分布于四间展厅内。

关键词：中国文化文化产业艺术界艺术家

Ten decadal advances in fungal biology leading towards human well‑being

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第5期116卷 547-614页

作者： Ausana Mapook·Kevin DHyde Kevin D.Hyde Khadija Hassan Blondelle Matio Kemkuignou Adela Cmokova frank Surup Eric Kuhnert Pathompong Paomephan Tian cheng Sybren de Hoog Yinggai Song Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Abdullah M.S.Al‑Hatmi Tokameh Mahmoudi Nadia Ponts Lena Studt‑Reinhold Florence Richard‑Forget K.W.Thilini Chethana Dulanjalee L.Harishchandra Peter E.Mortimer Huili Li Saisamorm Lumyong Worawoot Aiduang Jaturong Kumla Nakarin Suwannarach Chitrabhanu S.Bhunjun Feng‑Ming Yu Qi Zhao Doug Schaefer Marc Stadler Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research(HZI)and German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF)Partner Site Hannover‑BraunschweigInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Institute of Microbiology Technische Universitat BraunschweigSpielmannstrase 738106 BrunswickGermany Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism Institute of MicrobiologyCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research(BMWZ) Institute for Organic ChemistryLeibniz University HannoverSchneiderberg 3830167 HannoverGermany Department of Biotechnology Faculty of ScienceMahidol University272 Rama VI RoadRatchathewiBangkok 10400Thailand Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboud University Medical Center/Canisius Wilhelmina HospitalNijmegenThe Netherlands Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina Microbiology Parasitology and Pathology Graduate ProgramFederal University of ParanaCuritibaBrazil Department of Dermatology Peking University First HospitalPeking UniversityBeijingChina Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center University of NizwaNizwaOman Department of Biochemistry Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands INRAE UR1264 Mycology and Food Safety(MycSA)33882 Villenave d’OrnonFrance Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology Institute of Microbial GeneticsUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna(BOKU)Tulln an der DonauAustria Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China Institute of Plant ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Centre for Mountai

Fungi are an understudied resource possessing huge potential for developing products that can greatly improve human *** the current paper,we highlight some important discoveries and developments in applied mycology and interdisciplinary Life Science *** examples concern recently introduced drugs for the treatment of infections and neurological diseases;application of–OMICS techniques and genetic tools in medical mycology and the regulation of mycotoxin production;as well as some highlights of mushroom cultivaton in *** for new diagnostic tools in medical mycology and the exploitation of new candidates for therapeutic drugs,are also *** addition,two entries illustrating the latest developments in the use of fungi for biodegradation and fungal biomaterial production are *** other areas where there have been and/or will be significant developments are also *** is our hope that this paper will help realise the importance of fungi as a potential industrial resource and see the next two decades bring forward many new fungal and fungus-derived products.

关键词： Biomaterial CRISPR Drug development Morel cultivation Mushroom cultivation Mycotoxin biosynthesis Plastic degradation

Constituent Isomerism-Induced Quasicrystal and frank-KasperσSuperlattices Based on Nanosized Shape Amphiphiles

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CCS Chemistry 2021年第5期3卷 1434-1444页

作者： Zebin Su Jiahao Huang Wenpeng Shan Xiao-Yun Yan Ruimeng Zhang Tong Liu Yuchu Liu Qing-Yun Guo Fenggang Bian Xiaran Miao Mingjun Huang Stephen Z.D.cheng School of Molecular Science and Engineering South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640 Department of Polymer Science College of Polymer Science and Polymer EngineeringUniversity of AkronAkronOH 44325 Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Zhangjiang LaboratoryShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204

Naturally,subtle variations in the chemical structures of constituent molecules may significantly affect their multiscale spatial arrangements,properties,and *** simple spherical assemblies supply an ideal platform to investigate how subtle chemical differences affect hierarchically assembled ***,the authors report two sets of nanosized shape amphiphiles,which were constructed by a triphenylene core and six polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane cages peripherally grafted through *** slight differences in these samples are merely several methylene units in their linkers,including several pairs of constituent *** nanosized shape amphiphiles self-assemble into a variety of unconventional spherical packing structures,which include the frank-Kasperσphase and dodecagonal *** types of unconventional phase transitions were systematically *** authors alternated the conventional columnar phases of discotic molecules to unconventional spherical packing *** unconventional structures may shed light into discovering discotic mesogens-based materials with new properties and functions.

关键词： self-assembly frank-Kasper phase quasicrystal shape amphiphile constituent isomer

放牧和刈割对内蒙古典型草原大型土壤动物的影响

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应用生态学报 2017年第6期28卷 1869-1878页

作者：刘霞赵东程建伟陈海燕刘新民宝音陶格涛李永宏内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院呼和浩特010022 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院呼和浩特010021

采用连续3年全季节放牧、3种季节性轮牧、秋季刈割和不利用对照6种处理,研究了内蒙古典型草原大型土壤动物群落特征.调查在春、夏和秋3个季节进行,共捕获大型土壤动物597只,隶属于2门4纲11目,49个类群.结果表明:全季节放牧导致土壤动物... 详细信息

采用连续3年全季节放牧、3种季节性轮牧、秋季刈割和不利用对照6种处理,研究了内蒙古典型草原大型土壤动物群落特征.调查在春、夏和秋3个季节进行,共捕获大型土壤动物597只,隶属于2门4纲11目,49个类群.结果表明:全季节放牧导致土壤动物的个体密度、生物量和多样性降低;而刈割的影响相对较轻,土壤动物的个体密度、生物量和多样性甚至有提高趋势.3种季节性轮牧处理中,夏季和秋季放牧2次处理对土壤动物群落个体密度、生物量和多样性等指标的负面影响较轻.刈割管理对退化典型草原大型土壤动物群落的恢复较为有利;夏季和秋季放牧2次处理对大型土壤动物群落的负面影响较轻,是较理想的草地可持续管理措施.

关键词：温带草原放牧制度刈割大型土壤动物多样性功能群

半干旱草原大中型土壤动物在畜粪分解中的作用

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生物多样性 2022年第12期30卷 61-71页

作者：程建伟王亚东王桠楠李莹郭颖白正刘新民李永宏太原师范学院地理科学学院山西晋中030619 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室/省部共建草地生态学国家重点实验室培育基地呼和浩特010021 内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院呼和浩特010022

土壤动物是陆地生态系统的重要组分,在有机质分解过程中具有重要作用。目前有关土壤动物在生态系统分解中的作用研究主要聚焦于植物凋落物的分解,而对动物粪便分解的研究稀少。本研究在内蒙古典型草原设置了马粪和牛粪分解原位实验,使... 详细信息

土壤动物是陆地生态系统的重要组分,在有机质分解过程中具有重要作用。目前有关土壤动物在生态系统分解中的作用研究主要聚焦于植物凋落物的分解,而对动物粪便分解的研究稀少。本研究在内蒙古典型草原设置了马粪和牛粪分解原位实验,使用不同孔径的金属隔离网排除不同体型大小的土壤动物,通过测定大中型土壤动物对畜粪分解过程中质量损失、碳氮含量和微生物呼吸以及土壤养分动态变化的影响,解析其在分解中的作用。设置5个处理,即CK,仅土壤,无粪;T0,粪添加+0.425 mm隔离网(排除了粪居型和掘洞型粪金龟和中型土壤动物);T1,粪添加+1 mm隔离网(排除了粪居型和掘洞型粪金龟);T2,粪添加+2 mm隔离网(排除了掘洞型粪金龟);T3,仅粪添加(不排除土壤动物)。结果表明:(1)在畜粪分解60天内,土壤动物对畜粪的干质量损失没有显著的促进作用(P>0.05);相反,在畜粪分解360天,不隔离土壤动物处理(T3)显著地提高了牛粪干质量损失(P0.05)。研究表明,分解初期粪金龟的取食和活动会改变畜粪的理化性质,进而影响分解后期土壤生物在畜粪分解中的作用。

关键词：土壤动物粪分解养分释放微生物呼吸地球化学

Sequencing a Juglans regia×*** hybrid yields high-quality genome assemblies of parental species

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1271-1286页

作者： Tingting Zhu Le Wang frank M.You Juan C.Rodriguez Karin R.Deal Limin Chen Jie Li Sandeep Chakraborty Bipin Balan Cai-Zhong Jiang Patrick J.Brown Charles ALeslie Mallikarjuna KAradhya Abhaya M.Dandekar Patrick E.McGuire Daniel Kluepfel Jan Dvorak Ming-cheng Luo Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawaON K1A 0C6Canada Genome Center University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit USDA-ARSDavisCA 95616USA National Clonal Germplasm Repository USDA-ARSDavisCA 95616USA

Members of the genus Juglans are monecious wind-pollinated trees in the family Juglandaceae with highly heterozygous genomes,which greatly complicates genome sequence *** genomes of interspecific hybrids are usually comprised of haploid genomes of parental *** exploited this attribute of interspecific hybrids to avoid heterozygosity and sequenced an interspecific hybrid Juglans microcarpa×*** using a novel combination of single-molecule sequencing and optical genome mapping *** resulting assemblies of both genomes were remarkably complete including chromosome termini and centromere *** termini consisted of arrays of telomeric repeats about 8 kb long and heterochromatic subtelomeric regions about 10 kb *** centromeres consisted of arrays of a centromere-specific Gypsy retrotransposon and most contained genes,many of them *** genomes evolved by a whole-genome-duplication dating back to the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary and consist of two subgenomes,which were fractionated by numerous short gene deletions evenly distributed along the length of the *** was shown to be asymmetric with one subgenome exhibiting greater gene loss than the *** asymmetry of the process is ongoing and mirrors an asymmetry in gene expression between the *** the importance of ***×*** hybrids as potential walnut rootstocks,we catalogued disease resistance genes in the parental genomes and studied their chromosomal *** also estimated the molecular clock rates for woody perennials and deployed them in estimating divergence times of Juglans genomes and those of other woody perennials.

关键词： Juglans parental evenly