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Fate of undigested proteins in the pig large intestine:What impact on the colon epithelium?

Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 110-118页

作者： François blachier Mireille Andriamihaja Xiang-Feng Kong UMR PNCA Nutrition Physiology and Alimentary BehaviorUniversite Paris-SaclayAgroParisTechINRAEParisFrance Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaChina

Apart from its obvious agronomic interest in feeding billions of people worldwide,the porcine species represents an irreplaceable experimental model for intestinal physiologists and *** this review,we give an overview on the fate of proteins that are not fully digested in the pig small intestine,and thus are transferred into the large *** the large intestine,dietary and endogenous proteins are converted to peptides and amino acids(AA)by the action of bacterial proteases and ***,which cannot,except in the neonatal period,be absorbed to any significant level by the colonocytes,are used by the intestinal microbes for protein synthesis and for the production of numerous *** note,the production of the AA-derived metabolites greatly depends on the amount of undigested polysaccharides in the pig's *** effects of these AA-derived bacterial metabolites on the pig colonic epithelium have not yet been largely ***,the available data,performed on colonic mucosa,isolated colonic crypts and colonocytes,indicate that some of them,like ammonia,butyrate,acetate,hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S),and p-cresol are active either directly or indirectly on energy metabolism in colonic epithelial *** studies in that area will certainly gain from the utilization of the pig colonic organoid model,which allows for disposal of functional epithelial *** studies will contribute to a better understanding of the potential causal links between diet-induced changes in the luminal concentrations of these AA-derived bacterial metabolites and effects on the colon epithelial barrier function and water/electrolyte absorption.

关键词： Gut microbiota Amino acids Bacterial metabolites Pig Large intestine

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Intrauterine growth restriction alters growth performance, plasma hormones,and small intestinal microbial communities in growing-finishing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 340-357页

作者： Liang Xiong Jinming You Wanghong Zhang Qian Zhu francois blachier Yulong Yin Xiangfeng Kong CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition in Jiangxi Province College of Animal Science and TechnologyJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 440000JiangxiChina UniversitéParis-Saclay AgroParisTechINRAEUMR PNCA75005 ParisFrance.

Background: The interaction of the gut microbiota with key metabolic and physiological processes may be associated with poor growth outcomes in animals born with intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR).Results: Growth performance, plasma hormone concentrations, and intestinal microbiota composition were analyzed in IUGR pigs and in normal birth weight(NBW) pigs when the NBW pigs reached 25, 50, and 100 kg of body weight(BW). Compared to NBW pigs, IUGR pigs had lower initial, weaned, and final BW, and lower average daily gain and average daily feed intake in all the considered time points. In the 25 kg BW group, IUGR pigs had higher concentrations of plasma ghrelin and pancreatic polypeptide(PP), but lower insulin concentration than NBW pigs, while the situation was reversed in the 50 kg BW group. As compared to NBW pigs, IUGR pigs had higher microbial alpha diversity in the jejunum and ileum;in the 50 and 100 kg BW groups, IUGR pigs had higher Firmicutes abundance but lower Proteobacteria abundance in the jejunum, and lower Lactobacillus abundance in the jejunum and ileum;in the 25 kg BW group, IUGR pigs showed higher unclassified Ruminococcaceae abundance in the ileum;and in 25 and 50 kg BW groups, IUGR pigs showed lower Ochrobactrum abundance in the ***'s correlation revealed that Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with growth performance, while unclassified Ruminococcaceae was positively correlated. Predictive metagenomic analysis detected significantly different expression of genes in the intestinal microbiota between IUGR and NBW pigs, suggesting different metabolic capabilities between the two ***: Growing-finishing IUGR pigs showed lower growth performance, higher microbial alpha diversity, and differences in plasma hormone concentrations compared to NBW pigs. Alterations in the abundance of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria, Ruminococcaceae, Lactobacillus, and Ochrobactrum in the small intestine may be associated with IUGR, and may the

关键词： Growing-finishing pigs Growth performance Intrauterine growth restriction Microbial community Small intestine

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Intrauterine growth retardation affects liver bile acid metabolism in growing pigs:effects associated with the changes of colonic bile acid derivatives

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 711-728页

作者： Yang Liu MdAbul Kalam Azad Wanghong Zhang Liang Xiong francois blachier Zugong Yu Xiangfeng Kong Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro‑Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina UMR PNCA Universite Paris-SaclayINRAE75005 AgroParisTechParisFrance.

Background:Intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)is associated with severely impaired nutrient metabolism and intestinal development of *** previous study found that IUGR altered intestinal microbiota and metabolites in the ***,the consequences of IUGR on bile acid metabolism in pigs remained *** present study aimed to investigate the bile acid metabolism in the liver and the profile of bile acid derivatives in the colon of grow-ing pigs with IUGR using bile acid targeted ***,we determined correlations between colonic microbiota composition and metabolites of IUGR and normal birth weight(NBW)pigs at different growth stages that were 7,21,and 28-day-old,and the average body weight(BW)of 25,50,and 100 kg of the NBW ***:The results showed that the plasma total bile acid concentration was higher(P<0.05)at the 25 kg BW stage and tended to increase(P=0.08)at 28-day-old in IUGR *** hepatic gene expressions related to bile acid synthe-sis(CYP7A1,CYP27A1,and NTCP)were up-regulated(P<0.05),and the genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism(ATGL,HSL,and PC)were down-regulated(P<0.05)at the 25 kg BW stage in IUGR pigs when compared with the NBW *** metabolomics analysis showed that 29 bile acids and related compounds were detected in the colon of *** colonic concentrations of dehydrolithocholic acid and apocholic acid were increased(P<0.05),while isodeoxycholic acid and 6,7-diketolithocholic acid were decreased(P<0.05)in IUGR pigs,when compared with the NBW pigs at the 25 kg BW ***,Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that colonic Unclassified_[Mogi-bacteriaceae],Lachnospira,and Slackia abundances were negatively correlated(P<0.05)with dehydrolithocholic acid,as well as the Unclassified_Clostridiaceae abundance with 6,7-diketolithocholic acid at the 25 kg BW ***:These findings suggest that IUGR could affect bile acid and glucolipid metabolism in growing pigs,especially at th

关键词： Bile acid metabolism Glucolipid metabolism Intestinal microbiota Intrauterine growth retardation Pigs

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Dietary bile acid supplementation in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation improves colonic microbiota,metabolic activity,and epithelial function

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2578-2595页

作者： Yang Liu MdAbul Kalam Azad Sujuan Ding Qian Zhu francois blachier Zugong Yu Haijun Gao Xiangfeng Kong Key Laboratory of Agro‑Ecological Process in Subtropical Region Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic ProcessInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina. College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China. Universite Paris-SaclayAgroParisTech INRAEUMR PNCA75005ParisFrance. College of Medicine Howard UniversityWashingtonDC 20059USA.

Background Intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)is one of the major constraints in animal *** previ-ous study showed that piglets with IUGR are associated with abnormal bile acid(BA)*** study explored whether dietary BA supplementation could improve growth performance and colonic development,function,micro-biota,and metabolites in the normal birth weight(NBW)and IUGR piglets.A total of 48 weaned piglets(24 IUGR and 24 NBW)were allocated to four groups(12 piglets per group):(i)NBW group,(ii)NBW+BA group,(iii)IUGR group,and(iv)IUGR+BA *** were collected after 28 days of *** The results showed that dietary BA supplementation increased the length and weight of the colon and colon weight to body weight ratio,while decreased the plasma diamine oxidase(DAO)concentration in the NBW pig-lets(P<0.05).Dietary BA supplementation to IUGR piglets decreased(P<0.05)the plasma concentrations of D-lactate and endotoxin and colonic DAO and endotoxin,suggesting a beneficial effect on epithelial ***,dietary BA supplementation to NBW and IUGR piglets increased Firmicutes abundance and decreased Bacteroidetes abundance(P<0.05),whereas Lactobacillus was the dominant genus in the *** analysis revealed 65 and 51 differential metabolites in the colon of piglets fed a diet with/without BA,respectively,which was associated with the colonic function of IUGR ***,dietary BA supplementation to IUGR piglets upregulated the expressions of CAT,GPX,SOD,Nrf1,IL-2,and IFN-γin colonic mucosa(P<0.05).Conclusions Collectively,dietary BA supplementation could improve the colonic function of IUGR piglets,which was associated with increasing proportions of potentially beneficial bacteria and ***,BA shows a promising application prospect in improving the intestinal ecosystem and health of animals.

关键词： Bile acid Intrauterine growth retardation Metabolite Microbiota Piglet

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Mucosal healing progression after acute colitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第27期25卷 3572-3589页

作者： Sandra Vidal-Lletjós Mireille Andriamihaja Anne Blais Marta Grauso Patricia Lepage Anne-Marie Davila Claire Gaudichon Marion Leclerc francois blachier Annaig Lan UMR PNCA AgroParisTechINRAUniversite Paris-SaclayParis 75005France UMR MICALIS INRAUniversite Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas 78350France

BACKGROUND Mucosal healing has become a therapeutic goal to achieve stable remission in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. To achieve this objective, overlapping actions of complex cellular processes, such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation, are required. These events are longitudinally and tightly controlled by numerous factors including a wide range of distinct regulatory proteins. However, the sequence of events associated with colon mucosal repair after colitis and the evolution of the luminal content characteristics during this process have been little *** To document the evolution of colon mucosal characteristics during mucosal healing using a mouse model with chemically-induced *** C57 BL/6 male mice were given 3.5% dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) in drinking water for 5 d. They were euthanized 2(day 7), 5(day 10), 8(day 13), and 23(day28) d after DSS removal. The colonic luminal environment and epithelial repair processes during the inflammatory flare and colitis resolution were analyzed with reference to a non-DSS treated control group, euthanized at day 0. Epithelial repair events were assessed histo-morphologically in combination with functional permeability tests, expression of key inflammatory and repairing factors, and evaluation of colon mucosa-adherent microbiota composition by 16 S rRNA *** The maximal intensity of colitis was concomitant with maximal alterations of intestinal barrier function and histological damage associated with goblet cell depletion in colon mucosa. It was recorded 2 d after termination of the DSStreatment, followed by a progressive return to values similar to those of control mice. Although signs of colitis were severe(inflammatory cell infiltrate, crypt disarray, increased permeability) and associated with colonic luminal alterations(hyperosmolarity, dysbiosis, decrease in short-chain fatty acid content), epithelial healing processes were launched early during the inflammat

关键词： Colon luminal environment Dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis Dysbiosis Epithelial repair Acute colitis

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Dietary proline supplementation alters colonic luminal microbiota and bacterial metabolite composition between days 45 and 70 of pregnancy in Huanjiang mini-pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 370-380页

作者： Yujiao Ji Qiuping Guo Yulong Yin francois blachier Xiangfeng Kong National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunan 410125China Research Center of Mini-pig Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst EcosystermsHuanjiangGuangxi 547100China UMR 914 INRA/AgroParisTech/Universite Paris-Sacaly Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior75005 ParisFrance

Background: Pregnancy is associated with important changes in gut microbiota composition. Dietary factors may affect the diversity, composition, and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota. Among amino acids, proline is known to play important roles in protein metabolism and structure, cell differentiation, conceptus growth and development, and gut microbiota re-equilibration in case of ***: Dietary supplementation with 1% proline decreased(P < 0.05) the amounts of Klebsiella pneumoniae,Peptostreptococcus productus, Pseudomonas, and Veillonella spp. in distal colonic contents than that in the control group. The colonic contents of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Bifidobacterium sp., Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale, Clostridium leptum subgroup, Escherichia coli, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii,Fusobacterium prausnitzii, and Prevotella increased(P < 0.05) on d 70 of pregnancy as compared with those on d 45 of pregnancy. The colonic concentrations of acetate, total straight-chain fatty acid, and total short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) in the proline-supplemented group were lower(P < 0.05), and butyrate level(P = 0.06) decreased as compared with the control group. Almost all of the SCFA displayed higher(P < 0.05) concentrations in proximal colonic contents on d 70 of pregnancy than those on d 45 of pregnancy. The concentrations of 1,7-heptyl diamine(P = 0.09) and phenylethylamine(P < 0.05) in proximal colonic contents were higher, while those of spermidine(P = 0.05) and total bioamine(P = 0.06) tended to be lower in the proline-supplemented group than those in the control group. The concentrations of spermidine, spermine, and total bioamine in colonic contents were higher(P < 0.05) on d 70 of pregnancy than those measured on d 45 of pregnancy. In contrast, the concentration of phenylethylamine was lower(P < 0.05) on d 70 than on d 45 of pregnancy.(Continued on next page)(Continued from previous page)Conclusion: These findings i

关键词： Bacterial metabolites Colonic microbiota L-proline Pregnant Huanjiang mini-pigs

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母猪日粮中添加L-Arg或NCG对胎儿脐静脉miRNAs、VEGF和eNOS表达的影响

母猪日粮中添加L-Arg或NCG对胎儿脐静脉miRNAs、VEGF和eNOS表达的...

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中国畜牧兽医学会2011年学术年会

作者：刘星达吴信印遇龙杨焕胜 francois blachier 伍国耀中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心法国农业科学研究院德州农工大学

引言/目的充足的营养物质和氧气以及适宜的子宫内环境是胎儿存活、生长、发育的关键因素,但提供母猪高营养日粮并不能保证胎猪获得足够养分,脐带和胎盘血管的结构和功能决定了营养物质的摄取和传送效率。血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)可以调...

引言/目的充足的营养物质和氧气以及适宜的子宫内环境是胎儿存活、生长、发育的关键因素,但提供母猪高营养日粮并不能保证胎猪获得足够养分,脐带和胎盘血管的结构和功能决定了营养物质的摄取和传送效率。血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)可以调节血管新生,同时可以通过提高NO生成诱导血管舒张、促进血液流动。内皮型一氧化氮酶(eNOS)也是调节血管功能的关键酶。同时,VEGF、eNOS基因分别受miR-15b、miR-16和miR-221、miR-222调控。精氨酸能够提高母猪繁殖性能,同样可以调节血管的发育和功能。本研究目的是探讨母猪妊娠后期日粮中添加精氨酸或N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(NCG,能促进内源精氨酸的合成)对脐静脉miR-15b、miR-16和miR-221、miR-222及其靶基因VEGF和eNOS表达的影响。

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Intrauterine growth retardation affects liver bile acid metabolism in growing pigs: effects associated with the changes of colonic bile acid derivatives

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2023年第2期

作者： Yang Liu Md.Abul Kalam Azad Wanghong Zhang Liang Xiong francois blachier Zugong Yu Xiangfeng Kong

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Dietary bile acid supplementation in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation improves colonic microbiota, metabolic activity, and epithelial function.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2023年第6期

作者： Yang Liu Md.Abul Kalam Azad Sujuan Ding Qian Zhu francois blachier Zugong Yu Haijun Gao Xiangfeng Kong

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