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Estimation of Time to maximum Rate Under Adiabatic Conditions(TmR_(ad)) Using Kinetic Parameters Derived From DSC-Investigation of Thermal Behavior of 3-methyl-4-Nitrophenol

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化学推进剂与高分子材料 2011年第1期9卷 84-96页

作者： Bertrand Roduit Patrick Folly Alexandre Sarbach Beat Berger Franz Brogli Francesco mascarello mischa Schwaninger Thomas Glarner Eberhard Irle Fritz Tobler Jacques Wiss markus Luginbühl Craig Williams Pierre Reuse francis Stoessel AKTS AG TechnoArk 13960 SidersSwitzerland Armasuisse Science and Technology Centre3602 ThunSwitzerland Ciba Schweizerhalle AG P.O.Box4002 BaselSwitzerland DSm Nutritional Products Ltd. Safety laboratory4334 SisselnSwitzerland F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd Safety laboratories4070 BaselSwitzerland Lonza AG Safety Laboratory VispRottenstr.63930 Visp Switzerland Novartis Pharma AG Novartis CampusWSJ-145.8.544002 BaselSwitzerland Syngenta Crop Protection münchwilen AG WMU 3120.1.544333 MünchwilenSwitzerland Swiss Safety Institute Schwarzwaldallee 215WRO-1055.5.024002 BaselSwitzerland

Kinetic parameters of the decomposition of hazardous chemicals can be applied for the estimation of their thermal behavior under any temperature *** paper describes the application of the advanced kinetic approach for the determination of the thermal behavior also under adiabatic conditions occurring *** batch reactors in case of cooling *** kinetics of the decomposition of different samples(different manufacturers and batches) of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol were investigated by conventional DSC in non-isothermal(few heating rates varying from 0.25 to 8.0K/min) and isothermal(range of 200~260℃) *** kinetic parameters obtained with AKTS-Thermokinetics Software were applied for calculating reaction rate and progress under different heating rates and temperatures and verified by comparing simulated and experimental *** application of the heat balance to compare the amount of heat generated during reaction and its removal from the system,the knowledge of reaction rate at any temperature profiles allowed the determination of the temperature increase due to the self-heating in adiabatic and pseudo-adiabatic *** advanced kinetic approach allowed simulation the course of the Heat-Wait-Search(HWS) mode of operation of adiabatic *** thermal safety diagram depicting dependence of Time to maximum Rate(TmR) on the initial temperature was calculated and compared with the results of HWS experiments carried out in the system with Ф-factor amounting to *** influence of the Ф-factor and reaction progress reached at the end of the HWS monitoring on the TmR is *** calculations clearly indicate that even very minor reaction progress reduces the TmRad of 24h characteristic for a sample with initial reaction progress amounting to *** estimation method can be verified by just one HWS-ARC,or by one correctly chosen ISO-ARC run of reasonable duration by knowing in advance the dependence of the TmR

关键词： adiabatic condition methyl nitrophenol DSC Ф-factor kinetics thermal runaway,TmR

阿司匹林和溶栓疗法加用氯吡格雷治疗ST段抬高心肌梗死

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 19-20页

作者： Sabatine m.S. Cannon C.P. Gibson C.m. 任付先 Dr. TImI Study Group Cardiovascular Division Brigham and Women's Hospital 75 Francis St. Boston MA 02115 United States

BACKGROUND: A substantial proportion of patients receiving fibrinolytic therapy for myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation have inadequate reperfusion or reocclusion of the infarct-related artery, leading to an increased risk of complications and death. mETHODS: We enrolled 3491 patients, 18 to 75 years of age, who presented within 12 hours after the onset of an ST-elevation myocardial infarction and randomly assigned them to receive clopidogrel(300-mg loading dose, followed by 75 mg once daily) or placebo. Patients received a fibrinolytic agent, aspirin, and when appropriate, heparin(dispensed according to body weight) and were scheduled to undergo angiography 48 to 192 hours after the start of study medication. The primary efficacy end point was a composite of an occluded infarct-related artery(defined by a Thrombolysis in myocardial Infarction flow grade of 0 or 1) on angiography or death or recurrent myocardial infarction before angiography. RESULTS: The rates of the primary efficacy end point were 21.7 percent in the placebo group and 15.0 percent in the clopidogrel group, representing an absolute reduction of 6.7 percentage points in the rate and a 36 percent reduction in the odds of the end point with clopidogrel therapy(95 percent confidence interval, 24 to 47 percent; Pmposite end point of death from cardiovascular causes, recurrent myocardial infarction, or recurrent ischemia leading to the need for urgent revascularization by 20 percent(from 14.1 to 11.6 percent, P=0.03). The rates of major bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In patients 75 years of age or younger who have myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation and who receive aspirin and a standard fibrinolytic regimen, the addition of clopidogrel improves the patency rate of the infarct-related artery and reduces ischemic complications.

关键词：溶栓疗法梗死相关动脉溶栓药物再通率血流分级负荷量联合终点急诊血运重建术血管造影术安慰剂

学术论文第一作者的性别差异学术期刊、高校及基金单位应优先考虑署名权平等

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英国医学杂志中文版 2016年第12期19卷 679-680页

作者： Kathryn m Rexrode 王强徐静 Harvard medical School Boston USA Center for Faculty Development and Diversity Brigham and Women's Hospital 75 Francis Street BostonMA 02115. USA 武汉市黄陂区中医院病理科中华心血管病杂志编辑部

英国女性就读医学院校的人数自1996年以来已经和男性持平，甚至多于男性，美国自2003年以来也已接近持平。尽管在医学院录取方面是公平的，但在学术方面仍然存在着性别差异。女性作为原创性学术论文第一作者及主要作者取得的进步，医学... 详细信息

英国女性就读医学院校的人数自1996年以来已经和男性持平，甚至多于男性，美国自2003年以来也已接近持平。尽管在医学院录取方面是公平的，但在学术方面仍然存在着性别差异。女性作为原创性学术论文第一作者及主要作者取得的进步，医学学术交流中地位的成功提升，将会直接转化为女性在学术进步方面的平等。

关键词：期刊编辑工作规范写作方法

2型糖尿病血糖控制新药：英国国家卫生和临床医疗优选研究所指南概要

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英国医学杂志中文版 2009年第5期12卷 312-313页

作者： Amanda I Adler Elizabeth J Shaw Tim Stokes francis Ruiz 包玉倩(译) Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge CB2 0QQ National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence Manchester M1 4BD National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence London WC1V 6NA 上海交通大学附属第六人民医院

为什么要阅读本概要？2型糖尿病的治疗较为复杂，需要通过鼓励健康的生活方式、控制血压、血脂以及降低血糖水平等途径达到防止和减少糖尿病并发症的目的。近几年控制血糖的新药陆续上市，包括长效胰岛素类似物（地特胰岛素及甘精胰岛... 详细信息

为什么要阅读本概要？2型糖尿病的治疗较为复杂，需要通过鼓励健康的生活方式、控制血压、血脂以及降低血糖水平等途径达到防止和减少糖尿病并发症的目的。近几年控制血糖的新药陆续上市，包括长效胰岛素类似物（地特胰岛素及甘精胰岛素），胰高糖素样多肽-1（GLP-1）类似物（艾寒那肽）及二肽基肽酶4（DPP-4）抑制剂（西他列汀及维格列汀）。此外，噻唑烷二酮类药物（吡格列酮及罗格列酮）的安全性问题近期也浮出水面。

关键词： 2型糖尿病临床医疗血糖控制新药长效胰岛素类似物研究所噻唑烷二酮类药物健康的生活方式

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人性场所

2020年

作者： (美)克莱尔·库珀·马库斯(Clare Cooper marcus)，(美)卡罗琳·弗朗西斯(Carolyn francis)

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心包积液患者存在心脏压塞吗?

世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2007年第9期 8-9页

作者： Roy C.L. minor m.A. Brookhart m.A. Choudhry N.K. 罗亮 Division of General medicine and Primary Care Hospitalist Service Brigham and Women' s Hospital 75 Francis St Boston MA 02115 United States

背景:心脏压塞是一种因液体进入心包腔导致心脏压迫而形成的血流动力学损害。临床检查可能有助于决策是否对超声心动图诊断心脏压塞患者行心包穿刺术。目的:系统性回顾依据病史、体格检查以及基础诊断

关键词：心脏压塞心包积液患者

不论是否接受现代的规范指导治疗,种族对非ST段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者死亡及缺血性并发症的影响

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 41-42页

作者： Sabatine m.S. Blake G.J. Drazner m.H. 赵和平 Dr. Cardiovascular Division Brigham and Women's Hospital 75 Francis St Boston MA 02115 United States

Background -In the setting of acute coronary syndromes(ACS), nonwhite patients are less likely to undergo invasive cardiac procedures and may have worse clinical outcomes than white patients. Whether the disparate outcomes exist independently of potential biases in treatment patterns remains unclear. methods and Results -We examined the association between race and outcome in the Treat Angina with Aggrastat and Determine Cost of Therapy With an Invasive or Conservative Strategy-Thrombolysis in myocardial Infarction 18 study(TACTICS-TImI 18), a randomized trial of invasive versus conservative treatment strategy in patients with non-ST-elevation ACS. There were 1722 white and 461 nonwhite patients. After adjustment for differences in medical characteristics, nonwhite patients were at significantly increased risk for death, mI, or rehospitalization for ACS(hazard ratio[HR], 1.54; P=0.003). Rates of protocol-guided angiography and revascularization were similar in both groups. For non-protocol-guided care, however, we found significant disparities, with nonwhite patients less likely to be taking their cardiac medications at follow-up(odds ratio[OR], 0.59; P=0.0002), to undergo non-protocol-mandated angiography(OR, 0.40; P=0.03), to receive a stent if undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(OR, 0.55; P=0.045), and to have less procedural success after percutaneous coronary intervention(acute gain, 1.40±0.83 versus 1.81±0.92mm; P=0.004). Nonetheless, an invasive strategy was similarly efficacious in white(HR, 0.66; 95%CI, 0.50 to 0.88) and nonwhite(HR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.52 to 1.39) patients(Pinteraction=0.52), especially in those with troponin elevation or ST deviation. Conclusions -After adjustment for baseline characteristics, nonwhite patients had a significantly worse prognosis than white patients, regardless of treatment approach. In the absence of protocol guidance, important disparities emerged between the care given the 2 groups. An early invasive strategy is b

关键词：血运重建心肌梗死溶栓介入性动脉管腔心脏手术肌钙蛋白血管造影成本费用随机试验中评估

在肺结核诊断中应用系列痰涂片的结果:系统综述

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2007年第3期2卷 71-80页

作者： S.R.mase A.Ramsay V.Ng m.Henry P.C.Hopewell J.Cunningham R.Urbanczik m.D.Perkins m.A.Aziz m.Pai 张宗德张立兴 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care medicine San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California francis J Curry National Tuberculosis Center University of California United Nations Children's Fund/United Nations Development Programme/World Bank/World Health Organization(WHO)Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases(TDR) WHO Albany medical College County of Sacramento Department of Health and Human Services Sacramento WHO Tuberculosis Laboratory Consultants Group Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics(FIND) GenevaStop TB DepartmentWHO Stop TB Department WHO Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics McGill University

目前的国际结核病(TB)指南推荐在对肺结核可疑患者评价时应用3次痰涂片镜检以寻找结核菌。我们对符合3次痰标本结果标准的研究进行了系统的评价。通过对多个数据库和资源的检索,我们确定了共37个合格的研究。第3份标本中涂阳结果的增加... 详细信息

目前的国际结核病(TB)指南推荐在对肺结核可疑患者评价时应用3次痰涂片镜检以寻找结核菌。我们对符合3次痰标本结果标准的研究进行了系统的评价。通过对多个数据库和资源的检索,我们确定了共37个合格的研究。第3份标本中涂阳结果的增加(所有培阳病例作为分母的研究)和敏感性的增高(所有培阳病例作为分母的研究)是我们关注的主要结果。虽然各研究的方法和结果不同对数据综合构成了挑战,但亚组的分析提示对第3份标本的检查使结果和/或敏感性平均增加了2%～ 5%。把推荐的标本检查数量从3份减至2份(特别是在同一天收集的2份标本)对结核控制项目有利。有很多理由可潜在增加病例检出;许多实施性研究问题需要强调。如果按照国际间协调和标准化的方法,在痰标本镜检时应用现行技术检验哪种方法最有效,这样的研究会是最有用的,既可以增加本国的数据,又可进行研究之间的对比。

关键词：结核痰显微镜检查结果增加抗酸菌系列痰标本

Grass height and transmission ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan communities, China

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Chinese medical Journal 2010年第1期123卷 61-67页

作者： WANG Qian francis Raoul Christine Budke Philip S. Craig XIAO Yong-fu, Dominique A. Vuitton,maiza Campos-Ponce, QIU Dong-chuan, David Pleydell and Patrick Giraudoux XIAO Yong-fu Dominique A. Vuitton maiza Campos-Ponce QIU Dong-chuan David Pleydell Patrick Giraudoux Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chengdu Sichnan 610041 China Chrono-Environnement-UmR 6249 University of Franche-ComteCNRS 25030 - Besancon France College of Veterinary medicine and Biomedical Sciences TexasA&M University USA Institute and School of Environment and Life Sciences Universityof Salford Salford MS4WT United Kingdom Alveolar Echinococcosis University of Franche-Comte 25030 -Besancon France Earth and Life Sciences VU University Amsterdam TheNetherlands

Background Alveolar echinococcosis is a major zoonosis of public health significance in western China. Overgrazing was recently assumed as a potential risk factor for transmission of alveolar echinococcosis. The research was designed to further test the overgrazing hypothesis by investigating how overgrazing influenced the burrow density of intermediate host small mammals and how the burrow density of small mammals was associated with dog Echinococcus multilocularis infection. methods The study sites were chosen by previous studies which found areas where the alveolar echinococcosis was prevalent. The data, including grass height, burrow density of intermediate host small mammals, dog and fox fecal samples as well as Global Positioning System （GPS） position, were collected from field investigations in Shiqu County, Sichuan Province, China. The fecal samples were analyzed using copro-PCR. The worms, teeth, bones and hairs in the fecal samples were visually examined. Single factor and multifactor analyses tools including chi square and generalized linear models were applied to these data. Results By using grass height as a proxy of grazing grass in the pasture led to lower small mammals＇ pressure in the homogenous pasture, this study found that taller burrow density （X2=4.670, P=0.031, coefficient=-1.570）. The Echinococcus multilocularis worm burden in dogs was statistically significantly related to the maximum density of the intermediate host Ochotona spp. （X2=5.250, P=-0.022, coefficient=0.028）. The prevalence in owned dogs was positively correlated to the number of stray dogs seen within a 200 meter radius （Wald X2=8.375, P=-0.004, odds ratio=1.198）. Conclusions Our findings support the hypothesis that overgrazing promotes transmission of alveolar echinococcosis and confirm the role of stray dogs in the transmission of alveolar echinococcosis.

关键词： alveolar echinococcosis Echinococcosis multilocularis transmission overgrazing grass height small mammals