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Diabetes exacerbates inflammatory bowel disease in mice with dietinduced obesity

世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版 2023年第33期29卷 4991-5004页

作者： Kendra L francis Kimberly M Alonge Maria Cristina Pacheco Shannon j Hu Cody A Krutzsch Gregory j Morton Michael W Schwartz jarrad M Scarlett Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Seattle Children’s HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States 不详 Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Seattle Children's HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States

BACKGROUND The increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)among patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes suggests a causal link between these diseases,potentially involving the effect of hyperglycemia to disrupt intestinal barrier *** To investigate whether the deleterious impact of diabetes on the intestinal barrier is associated with increased IBD severity in a murine model of colitis in mice with and without diet-induced *** Mice were fed chow or a high-fat diet and subsequently received streptozotocin to induce diabetic-range *** weeks later,dextran sodium sulfate was given to induce *** select experiments,a subset of diabetic mice was treated with the antidiabetic drug dapagliflozin prior to colitis *** included both clinical and histological measures of colitis activity as well as histochemical markers of colonic epithelial barrier *** In mice given a high-fat diet,but not chow-fed animals,diabetes was associated with significantly increased clinical colitis activity and histopathologic markers of disease *** was also associated with a decrease in key components that regulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity(colonic mucin layer content and epithelial tight junction proteins)in diet-induced obese *** of these effects of diabetes in diet-induced obese mice was ameliorated by restoring *** In obese mice,diabetes worsened clinical and pathologic outcomes of colitis via mechanisms that are reversible with treatment of ***-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction offers a plausible mechanism linking diabetes to increased colitis *** findings suggest that effective diabetes management may decrease the clinical severity of IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Type 2 diabetes Obesity Intestinal barrier Hyperglycemia Colitis in mice Tight junction proteins

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The Endoplasmic Reticulum: A Social Network in Plant Cells

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第11期54卷 840-850页

作者： Caitlin doyle Department of Biology McGill University 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue Montreal Quebec H3A 1B1 Canada

The endoplasmic reticulum （ER） is an interconnected network comprised of ribosome-studded sheets and smooth tubules. The ER plays crucial roles in the biosynthesis and transport of proteins and lipids, and in calci... 详细信息

关键词： ER Golgi reticulons Yopl RHD3.

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Characterization of tungiasis infection and morbidity using thermography in Kenya revealed higher disease burden during COVID-19 school closures

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 120-121页

作者： Lynne Elson Abneel K.Matharu Naomi Riithi Paul Ouma francis Mutebi Hermann Feldmeier jürgen Krücken Ulrike Fillinger KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme Kilifi Kenya Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology Human Health Theme Nairobi Kenya College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda Institute of Microbiology Infectious Diseases and Immunology Charité University Medicine Berlin Germany Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

Background Tungiasis is a neglected tropical skin disease caused by the sand flea Tunga *** fleas penetrate the skin,particularly at the feet,and cause severe *** study aimed to characterize disease burden in two highly affected regions in Kenya,to test the use of thermography to detect tungiasis-associated inflammation and to create a new two-level classification of disease severity suitable for mapping,targeting,and monitoring *** From February 2020 to April 2021,3532 pupils age 8–14 years were quasi-randomly selected in 35 public primary schools and examined for tungiasis and associated *** the infected pupils,266 were quasi-randomly selected and their households visited,where an additional 1138 family members were *** was assessed using infra-red thermography.A Clinical score was created combining the number of locations on the feet with acute and chronic symptoms and infra-red *** The overall prevalence of tungiasis among all the school pupils who were randomly selected during survey rounds 1 and 3 was 9.3%[95%confidence interval(CI):8.4–10.3].Based on mixed effects logistic models,the odds of infection with tungiasis among school pupils was three times higher in Kwale(coastal Kenya)than in Siaya[western Kenya;adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=0.36,95%CI:0.18–0.74];three times higher in males than in females(aOR=3.0,95%CI:2.32–3.91)and three times lower among pupils sleeping in a house with a concrete floor(aOR=0.32,95%CI:0.24–0.44).The odds of finding an infected person among the household population during surveys before the COVID-19 pandemic was a third(aOR=0.32,95%CI:0.19–0.53)of that when schools were closed due to COVID-19 restrictions and approximately half(aOR=0.44,95%CI:0.29–0.68)in surveys done after school re-opening(round 3).Infection intensity was positively correlated with inflammation as measured by thermography(Spearman’s rho=0.68,P<0.001)and with the clinical score(rho=0

关键词： Tungiasis Neglected tropical diseases Thermography Morbidity Child COVID-19 Kenya

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16.3%Efficiency binary all-polymer solar cells enabled by a novel polymer acceptor with an asymmetrical selenophene-fused backbone

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第2期65卷 309-317页

作者： Huiting Fu Qunping Fan Wei Gao jiyeon Oh Yuxiang Li francis Lin Feng Qi Changduk Yang Tobin j.Marks Alex K.-Y.jen Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringPerovtronics Research CenterLow Dimensional Carbon Materials CenterUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)50 UNIST-gilUlju-gunUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195-2120USA Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA Institute for Advanced Studies City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina

Despite the significant progress made recently in all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs),it is still quite challenging to achieve high open-circuit voltage(V_(oc))and short-circuit current density(j_(sc))simultaneously in order to further improve their *** recent strategy of using selenophene to replace thiophene on the Y6 based polymer acceptors has resulted in significantly improved j_(sc)s of the resulting ***,such modifications have also depressed V_(oc),which compromises the overall performance of the ***,we present the design and synthesis of a novel polymer acceptor,PYT-1S1Se,created by inserting an asymmetrical selenophene-fused framework to precisely manipulate optical absorption and electronic *** with the selenium-free analog,PYT-2S,and symmetrical selenium-fused analog,PYT-2Se,the PYT-1S1Se derived all-PSCs not only deliver optimized j_(sc)(24.1 mA cm^(−2))and V_(oc)(0.926 V)metrics,but also exhibit a relatively low energy loss of 0.502 ***,these devices obtain a record-high power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 16.3%in binary *** work demonstrates an effective molecular design strategy for balancing the trade-off between V_(oc) and j_(sc) to achieve highefficiency all-PSCs.

关键词： all-polymer solar cells polymer acceptors asymmetrical selenophene-fused backbone power conversion efficiencies stability

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Constructing a stable cobalt-nitrogen-carbon air cathode from coordinatively unsaturated zeolitic-imidazole frameworks for rechargeable zinc-air batteries

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 5895-5901页

作者： Tingting Wang Meng Liu Somboon Chaemchuen jichao Wang Ye Yuan Cheng Chen Ang Qiao francis Verpoort Zongkui Kou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Zeolitic-imidazole frameworks(ZIFs)derivations have widely emerged as an efficient air cathode of zinc-air batteries(ZABs)due to excellent bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis ***,they are not stable enough for long-term operation of rechargeable ZABs because of weak association with current collector,especially under bending conditions for flexible ZAB ***,we show that by purposely designing coordinatively unsaturated ZIFs via a facile morphology regulation,which can be chemically linked on acid-treated carbon cloth,a stable Co-N-C air cathode is therefore derived where Co nanoparticles(NPs)are uniformly confined within the Co-N-C matrix on carbon cloth(Co/Co-N-C/CC).Specifically,when without being stabilized from carbon cloth,the pyrolysis of ZIFs with different unsaturated coordination levels has a negligible impact on the bifunctional oxygen-catalyzed *** optimal Co/Co-N-C/CC catalyst assembled ZAB possesses a large open circuit voltage of 1.415 V and a high peak power density of 163 mW·cm^(−2) as well as excellent cycling durability upon 630 discharge–charge cycles with 61%voltage efficiency remained,largely exceeding those of a benchmark Pt/C-IrO_(2) catalyst assembled *** synergy between Co NPs and active Co-N-C sites via electronic interaction induces the outstanding bifunctional oxygen-catalyzed activity and cathode *** present work highlights the importance of unsaturated coordination structures in ZIFs precursors for the performance of derived nanostructures in integrated electrodes.

关键词： coordinatively unsaturated zeolitic-imidazole frameworks(ZIFs) cobalt-nitrogen-carbon bifunctional air electrodes zincair battery flexible electrode

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Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in Central and Eastern Europe : A Sourcebook and Reference Guide

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2005年

作者： Conway francis j.

ISBN: (纸本)0821357050

Produced by the Urban Institute for the United States Agency for International Development and the World Bank Institute, the sourcebook gives access to a wealth of knowledge and information on intergovernmental finance issues in Central and Eastern Europe by providing electronic links to a large number of documents included on a CD-ROM. The documents discuss the basic concepts and principles, and describe the evolution of intergovernmental finance in the countries of the region. The printed sourcebook, which is also on the CD-ROM, serves as a roadmap to help the reader explore the documents and locate relevant materials. Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in Central and Eastern Europe is especially useful for policy analysts and trainers interested in promoting an understanding of those issues in their countries. The sourcebook also provides direct electronic links to relevant training and educational materials, also included on the CD-ROM. Countries covered: Albania, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Macedonia, Poland, and Romania

关键词： Intergovernmental fiscal relations

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Recognition of nestmate eggs in the ant Formicafusca is based on queen derived cues

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Current Zoology 2014年第1期60卷 131-136页

作者： Heikki HELANTERA Stephen j. MARTIN francis L.W. RATNIEKS Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Department of Biosciences POB 65 University of Helsinki Finland School of Environment & Life Sciences University of Salford Manchester M5 4WT UK Laboratory ofApiculture & Social Insects (LASI) School of Life Sciences University of Sussex Falmer Brighton UK

Inclusive fitness benefits depend on recognizing the right individuals to interact with. Social insect nests protect themselves from non-kin intruders through nestmate recognition based on chemical cues. The recognition cues on adult individuals are from a mixture of genetic and environmental sources, but the ontogeny and use of recognition cues on eggs has not been previously assessed. We studied recognition by workers of eggs that were either nestmates or non-nestmates. and the ontogeny of recognition cues on eggs in the antFormica fusca, a species with precise egg recognition abilities. Workers were able to discriminate among freshly laid eggs with no nest derived cues on them, and the egg surface chemicals varied among nests in these eggs, suggesting that queen derived cues are used in nestmate recognition. The results are discussed in the light of their implications on deceptive social parasite strategies and within colony conflicts.

关键词：识别能力鲜鸡蛋出线蚂蚁社会性昆虫个体发育化学物质信号保护

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Comparative study of the effect of solvents on the efficacy of neonicotinoid insecticides against malaria vector populations across Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第2期11卷 23-31页

作者： Magellan Tchouakui Tatiane Assatse Leon M.j.Mugenzi Benjamin D.Menze Daniel Nguifo-Nguete Williams Tchapga jonathan Kayondo francis Watsenga Emile Zola Manzambi Michael Osae Charles S.Wondji Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases(CRID) P.O.Box 13501YaoundeCameroon Parasitology and Ecology Laboratory Department of Animal Biology and PhysiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde 1P.O.Box 812YaoundeCameroon Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale KinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo Radiation Entomology and Pest Management Centre Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research InstituteGhana Atomic Energy CommissionP.O.Box LG80Legon-AccraGhana Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA) P.O.Box 2008YaoundeCameroon Entomology Department Uganda Virus Research Institute(UVRI)P.O.Box 49EntebbeUganda.

Background:New insecticides with a novel mode of action such as neonicotinoids have recently been recommended for public health by *** monitoring of such novel insecticides requires a robust protocol to monitor the development of resistance in natural *** this study,we comparatively used three different solvents to assess the susceptibility of malaria vectors to neonicotinoids across ***:Mosquitoes were collected from May to july 2021 from three agricultural settings in Cameroon(Njombe-Penja,Nkolondom,and Mangoum),the Democratic Republic of Congo(Ndjili-Brasserie),Ghana(Obuasi),and Uganda(Mayuge).Using the CDC bottle test,we compared the effect of three different solvents(ethanol,acetone,MERO)on the efficacy of neonicotinoids againstAnopheles gambiae *** addition,TaqMan assays were used to genotype key pyrethroid-resistant markers *** and odds ratio based on Fisher exact test were used to evaluate potential cross-resistance between pyrethroids and ***:Lower mortality was observed when using absolute ethanol or acetone alone as solvent for clothianidin(11.4-51.9% mortality in Nkolondom,31.7-48.2% in Mangoum,34.6-56.1% in Mayuge,39.4-45.6% in Obuasi,83.7-89.3% in Congo and 71.1-95.9% in Njombe pendja)compared to acetone+MERO for which 100% mortality were observed for all the *** observations were done for imidacloprid and *** assays(PBO,DEM and DEF)with clothianidin revealed a significant increase of mortality suggesting that metabolic resistance mechanisms are contributing to the reduced susceptibility.A negative association was observed between the L1014F-kdr mutation and clothianidin resistance with a greater frequency of homozygote resistant mosquitoes among the dead than among survivors(OR=0.5;P=0.02).However,the I114T-GSTe2 was in contrast significantly associated with a greater ability to survive clothianidin with a higher frequency of homozygote resistant among surv

关键词： Malaria Anopheles Insecticide resistance Neonicotinoids Clothianidin Cross-resistance

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Implementing the Node Based Smoothed Finite Element Method as User Element in Abaqus for Linear and Nonlinear Elasticity

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第8期61卷 481-502页

作者： S.Kshrisagar A.francis j.j.Yee S.Natarajan C.K.Lee Integrated Modelling and Simulation Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India The Department of Architectural Engineering Dong-A UniversityS04-0302Engineering 237Nakdongdaero 550beon-gilSaha-guBusan49315Korea National Research Center for Disaster-free&Safe Ocean City Dong-A UniversityS04-0311-3Engineering 237Nakdong-daero 550beon-gilSaha-guBusan49315Korea

In this paper,the node based smoothed-strain Abaqus user element(UEL)in the framework of finite element method is *** basic idea behind of the node based smoothed finite element(NSFEM)is that finite element cells are divided into subcells and subcells construct the smoothing domain associated with each node of a finite element cell[Liu,Dai and Nguyen-Thoi(2007)].Therefore,the numerical integration is globally performed over smoothing *** is demonstrated that the proposed UEL retains all the advantages of the NSFEM,i.e.,upper bound solution,overly soft stiffness and free from locking in compressible and nearly-incompressible *** this work,the constant strain triangular(CST)elements are used to construct node based smoothing domains,since any complex two dimensional domains can be discretized using CST *** additional challenge is successfully addressed in this *** efficacy and robustness of the proposed work is obtained by several benchmark problems in both linear and nonlinear *** developed UEL and the associated files can be downloaded from https://***/nsundar/NSFEM.

关键词： Smoothed finite element method(SFEM) node based SFEM(NSFEM) linear and nonlinear elasticity Abaqus UEL(user elements) compressible and nearlyincompressible materials

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Impact of redox-stratification on the diversity and distribution of bacterial communities in sandy reef sediments in a microcosm

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Chinese journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第6期29卷 1209-1223页

作者：高峥王鑫 Angelos K.HANNIDES francis j.SANSONE 汪光义 State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University Department of Oceanography University of Hawaii Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Algal Biofuel Technology Development and Application School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School

Relationships between microbial communities and geochemical environments are important in marine microbial ecology and biogeochemistry. Although biogeochemical redox stratification has been well documented in marine sediments, its impact on microbial communities remains largely unknown. In this study, we applied denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and clone library construction to investigate the diversity and stratification of bacterial communities in redox-stratified sandy reef sediments in a microcosm. A total of 88 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU) were identified from 16S rRNA clone libraries constructed from sandy reef sediments in a laboratory microcosm. They were members of nine phyla and three candidate divisions, including Proteobacteria (Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria), Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Spirochaetes, and the candidate divisions WS3, SO31 and AO19. The vast majority of these phylotypes are related to clone sequences from other marine sediments, but OTUs of Epsilonproteobacteria and WS3 are reported for the first time from permeable marine sediments. Several other OTUs are potential new bacterial phylotypes because of their low similarity with reference sequences. Results from the 16S rRNA, gene clone sequence analyses suggested that bacterial communities exhibit clear stratification across large redox gradients in these sediments, with the highest diversity found in the anoxic layer (15-25 mm) and the least diversity in the suboxic layer (3-5 mm). Analysis of the nosZ, and amoA gene libraries also indicated the stratification of denitrifiers and nitrifiers, with their highest diversity being in the anoxic and oxic sediment layers, respectively. These results indicated that redox-stratification can affect the distribution of bacterial communities in sandy reef sediments.

关键词：氧化还原反应海洋沉积物细菌群落多样性变性梯度凝胶电泳克隆序列分析和分布 rRNA基因

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