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Study of Rice Husks and Expanded Polystyrene Composites for Construction Applications

Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 456-468页

作者： Edem Chabi Valéry Kouandété Doko Sena Peace Hounkpè Paul Damien Amadji emmanuel Olodo Laboratory of Rural Engineering School of Rural Engineering National University of Agriculture Ketou Benin Laboratory of Applied Energy and Mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Department of Civil Engineering Higher National School of Public Works (ENSTP) National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics Abomey Benin

In the current context of environmental challenges, this study focuses on developing innovative and eco-friendly composites using rice husk and recycled expanded polystyrene. This dual-responsibility approach valorizes a by-product like rice husk, often considered waste, and reuses polystyrene, a plastic waste, thereby contributing to CO2 emission reduction and effective waste management. The manufacturing process involves dissolving recycled polystyrene into a solvent to create a binder, which is then mixed with rice husk and cold-compacted into composite materials. The study examines the impact of two particle sizes (fine and coarse) and different proportions of recycled polystyrene binder. The results show significant variations in the mechanical characteristics of the composites, with Modulus of Rupture (MOR) values varying from 2.41 to 3.47 MPa, Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) ranging from 223.41 to 1497.2 MPa, and Stiffness Coefficient (K) from 5.04 to 33.96 N/mm. These characteristics demonstrate that these composites are appropriate for various construction applications, including interior decoration, panel claddings, and potentially for furniture and door manufacturing when combined with appropriate coatings. This study not only highlights the recycling of agricultural and plastic waste but also provides a localized approach to addressing global climate change challenges through the adoption of sustainable building materials.

关键词： Rice Husk Recycled Expanded Polystyrene Eco-Friendly Composites Waste Valorization Sustainable Construction

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Abdominal Trauma during Pregnancy with Splenic Rupture and Fetal Death in Utero at Bogodogo University Hospital: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1407-1413页

作者： Yobi Alexis Sawadogo emmanuel Ouédraogo Adama Ouattara Issa Ouédraogo Sibraogo Kiemtoré Charlemagne Ouedraogo Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Bogodogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Health Science Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Yalgado Oudraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Splenic injury caused by abdominal trauma during pregnancy is rare. Splenic injury associated with fetal death in utero following a fall from a tree top is even rarer. The authors report a case of splenic trauma associated with fetal death in utero following a fall from the top of a tree in a 19-year-old pregnant woman at 30 weeks amenorrhoea. She was referred from a 1st level health facility for trauma that had occurred the day before admission. She was in poor general condition (WHO performance status IV) and had a cardiovascular collapse. Ultrasound was used to diagnose haemoperitoneum and fetal death in utero. A CT scan was used to diagnose splenic lesions. Treatment consisted of splenectomy and caesarean section after resuscitation.

关键词： Trauma Pregnancy Splenic Rupture Stillborn

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Geohydraulic Investigation of Aquifer Parameters in Abak, Southern Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第5期12卷 289-301页

作者： Promise James Akpan Akaninyene Okon Akankpo Joseph Gordian Atat Johnson Cletus Ibout emmanuel Bassey Umoren Department of Physics University of Uyo Akwa Ibom Nigeria Department of Physics University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

A geophysical investigation was carried out to characterize aquifer parameters and assess the groundwater condition in Abak, southern Nigeria. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) was carried out using Schlumberger configuration in 10 locations within the area. Both manual and computer interpretation of the resistivity data reveals three to four geoelectric units (laterite topsoil, medium-grained sand, coarse-grained sand, and sandy clay sand) which agrees with the lithologic log from existing boreholes. The aquifer layer was identified along the third formation with resistivity values ranging from 1239 - 5719 Ωm and aquifer depth ranging from 30.2 - 54.8 m. The aquifer thickness ranged from 24.2 - 43.7 m. Hydraulic conductivity ranged from 0.1206 m/day - 0.5026 m/day with an average value of 0.29403 m/day. Formation factor ranged from 14.55 - 16.64. Porosity ranged from 15.98% - 22.40%, with an average value of 19.64%. The aquiferous zone falls within the medium/coarse-grained sand. The aquifer is shallow, unconfined, and prolific with a little overburden formation of 13.5 m. The area shows good prospects for groundwater development.

关键词： Electrical Resistivity Porosity Formation Factor Hydraulic Conductivity

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Performance Evaluation of Novel Eco-Materials Composed of Millet Husks, Rice Husks, and Polystyrene

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第1期14卷 33-43页

作者： Paul Damien Amadji Edem Chabi Valéry Kouandété Doko Céphas Houndedji emmanuel Olodo Laboratory of Applied Energy and Mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Rural Engineering School of Rural Engineering National University of Agriculture Kétou Benin

Managing agricultural waste and expanded polystyrene (EPS) poses significant environmental and economic challenges. This study aims to create composites from millet husks, rice husks, and recycled EPS, using a manufacturing method that involves dissolving the polystyrene in a solvent followed by cold pressing. Various particle sizes and two binder dosages were investigated to assess their influence on the physico-mechanical properties of the composites. The mechanical properties obtained range from 2.54 to 4.47 MPa for the Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and from 686 to 1400 MPa for the Modulus of Elasticity in Bending (MOE). The results indicate that these composites have potential for applications in the construction sector, particularly for wood structures and interior decoration. Moreover, surface treatments could enhance their durability and mechanical properties. This research contributes to the valorization of agricultural and plastic waste as eco-friendly and economical construction materials.

关键词： Bio-Based Composites Millet Husk Rice Husk Expanded Polystyrene Waste Valorization Sustainable Construction

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Cotton Leafhoppers, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida, 1913) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), Identified as a New Species on Okra and Guinea Sorrel in Niger

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 183-194页

作者： Zinsou fra.çois-Xavier Akonde Ousmane Zakari Moussa Sanoussi Atta Idriss Hamidou Leyo Iro Dan Guimbo Agricultural Zoology Laboratory AGRHYMET Regional Center Niamey Niger Faculty of Agronomy Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

Leafhoppers (jassids) are well-known pests of vegetable crops in Niger. They are often part of a parasitic complex that causes varying degrees of damage. Over the last two crop years, the Niamey region has seen a heavy outbreak of leaf hoppers on okra and guinea sorrel. These insects alone have caused spectacular damage, resulting in losses ranging from 50% to 100% of unharvested plants. Following this observation, infested fields were surveyed, specimens sampled, and the responsible species identified. Two sites were surveyed in the city of Niamey. At each site, two plots of okra and two of guinea sorrel were visited. Fifty (50) plants were randomly sampled using the double “W” method per plot. The sampled plants were used for active and passive leaf hopper capture, damage description and loss assessment. Captured leaf hoppers were identified based on their morphology observed with a binocular magnifying glass and compared with the data in the identification keys. The symptoms observed in the plots were yellowing, leaf curling and drying, stunting, abortion of flowers and immature fruit and very low production. Identification results revealed the single species Amrasca biguttula (Ishida, 1913), which can be considered a new invasive species in Niger. Further confirmation of this identification by molecular tests, the distribution of the pest in Niger and the development of appropriate control methods would yield good prospects.

关键词： Amrasca biguttula Guinea Sorrel Niger Okra Survey

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Post Episiotomy Morbidity among Parturient in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第8期14卷 1144-1160页

作者： John Chinedu Obasi Ayodele Adegbite Olaleye Boniface N. Ejikeme John O. Egede Charles Nwambeke Edene Enemma Christian Enemma Victor Onuchukwu emmanuel Onyekelu Nathan C. Ekpe Wendy Oliobi emmanuel C. Uwakwe Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital AbakalikiNigeria

Background: Episiotomy is a very common obstetric surgery, and it could be associated with serious complications. However, these complications largely are not noticed due to the shift of attention from mother to baby, after a successful delivery. Objective: To identify the morbidities associated with episiotomies and factors associated with such morbidities. Method: This was a questionnaire based cross sectional descriptive study among women who attended the Obstetric Department of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State, between 1st July and 31st Nov, 2023. The study population consisted of parturients who had episiotomies in their previous confinements, attending either the antenatal clinic or the postnatal clinic at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State. Results: Macrosomia was the most common indication of episiotomy at a rate of 31.6%. The majority of episiotomies were performed on the parturients in their first confinement at a rate of 64.5% and the majority of repairs were performed by the Registrar at a rate of 65.0%. Informed consent was obtained from 45.79% of parturients while 54.21% were not informed before the episiotomy was administered. Only 55.3% of the parturient received analgesia before episiotomy was administered. The majority of the parturients had their episiotomy repaired between 10 - 15 minutes at a rate of 40.3%. Postoperative pain at the rate of 44.5% was the most common complication and dyspareunia as a form of sexual complication was the commonest at a rate of 31.3%. Conclusion: The parturient needs to be properly counselled before administration of episiotomy and adequate analgesia should be given, as episiotomy is a surgical procedure. Proper training of health workers on both the technique of administering and repairing episiotomy is important. Restrictive use of routine episiotomy in primigravidae is advised to reduce the rate of episiotomy.

关键词： Episiotomy Vulva Pains Primigravidae Morbidities Analgesia

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Occupational physical activity, all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality in 349,248 adults: Prospective and longitudinal analyses of the MJ Cohort

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 579-589页

作者： emmanuel Stamatakis Matthew N.Ahmadi Tiana-Lee Elphick Bo-Huei Huang Susan Paudel Armando Teixeira-Pinto Li-Jung Chen Borja del Pozo Cruz Yun-Ju Lai Andreas Holtermann Po-Wen Ku Sydney School of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthCharles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Department of Exercise Health Science “National”Taiwan University of SportTaichung 40404China Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal MedicinePuli Branch of Taichung Veterans General HospitalNantou 54552China National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen 2100Denmark Graduate Institute of Sports and Health Management “National”Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227China

Background:Evidence on the health benefits of occupational physical activity(OPA)is *** examined the associations of baseline OPA and OPA changes with all-cause,cardiovascular disease(CVD),and cancer mortality and survival ***:This study included prospective and longitudinal data from the MJ Cohort,comprising adults over 18 years recruited in 1998-2016,349,248 adults(177,314 women)with baseline OPA,of whom 105,715(52,503 women)had 2 OPA measures at 6.3±4.2 years(mean±SD)*** were baseline OPA,OPA changes,and baseline leisure-time physical ***:Over a mean mortality follow-up of 16.2±5.5 years for men and 16.4±5.4 years for women,11,696 deaths(2033 of CVD and 4631 of cancer causes)in men and 8980 deaths(1475 of CVD and 3689 of cancer causes)in women *** moderately heavy/heavy baseline OPA was beneficially associated with all-cause mortality in men(multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio(HR)=0.93,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.89-0.98 compared to light OPA)and women(HR=0.86,95%CI:0.79-0.93).Over a mean mortality follow-up of 12.5±4.6 years for men and 12.6±4.6 years for women,OPA decreases in men were detrimentally associated(HR=1.16,95%CI:1.01-1.33)with all-cause mortality,while OPA increases in women were beneficially(HR=0.83,95%CI:0.70-0.97)associated with the same *** or changes in OPA showed no associations with CVD or cancer ***:Higher baseline OPA was beneficially associated with all-cause mortality risk in both men and *** longitudinal OPA analyses partly confirmed the prospective findings,with some discordance between sex groups.

关键词： Cancer Cardiovascular disease Epidemiology Mortality

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Incidental and secondary findings in trio exome sequencing

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 152-154页

作者： Camille Cohen Emeline Bellanger Jeremie Mortreux Laure Raymond fra.cois Vialard Rodolphe Dard Department of Genetics Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Poissy-Saint-Germain-en-LayePoissy 78300France RHuMA UMR-BREEDINRA-ENVA-UVSQMontigny le Bretonneux 78180France Service de Genetique Laboratoire Eurofins BiomnisLyon 69007France

Exome sequencing(ES)generates secondary findings(SFs)in 2%of tested individuals if one follows the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics(ACMG)guide-lines.i,z2 However,the rate of incidental and secondary findings(ISFs)is higher in routine clinical practice because of(i)the use of trio ES instead of solo sequencing and(i)the exclusion of the incidental findings(IFs)of medical value concerning genes in the ACMG ***,it is not clear how sufficient is a restricted list of genes to detect every ISF of major clinical value;and what is the amount of additional workload for the laboratory.

关键词： routine clinical finding

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Study of Sands from Bamendou-West Cameroon: Valorization for Concrete Mix Design

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第5期12卷 345-354页

作者： Keubou Tatapzia Vladimir Willianov Guimezap Kenou Willy Chance Manefouet Bertile Ilalie Kamga Djoumen Tatiana Ngapgue fra.çois Faculty of Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Institut universitaire de la Cô te Douala Cameroun Department of Civil Engineering FOTSO Victor University Institute of Technology University of Dschang Bandjoun Cameroon

Bamendou (West Cameroon), has a huge potential in natural resources, especially sands. However, the use of these materials in civil engineering works leads to the appearance of numerous pathologies which in some cases lead to the total ruin of the works. In order to overcome these infra.tructural problems, the main objective of this study is set at the improvement of the service life of structures built in Cameroon using local materials formed under climatic, geological and geotechnical conditions similar to those of materials in Bamendou. Eight sand samples were taken from the most representative and exploited quarries. The identification and classification of the sand taken from the most representative quarries in the study area show that they are mainly clayey, with an average sand equivalent of 57.54. In terms of granulometry, the curves of several sand samples do not fall within the granular range of sands used in the formulation of concrete. The modulus of fineness obtained by particle size analysis varies from 2.91 to 3.92 with an average of 3.31.

关键词： Residual Sand Formulation of Concrete Sand Equivalent Fitness Modulus Particle Size Bamendou

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Nutritional and Sensory Properties of Penne-Type Pasta Based on Cereals (Oryza sativa (L.), Digitaria exilis, Pennicetum glaucum), Tubers (Ipomoea batata, Manihot esculenta Crantz), and a Legume (Vigna unguiculata (L.))

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 351-360页

作者： Maurice Jean fra.çois Sylvestre Lopy Ndèye Fatou Ndiaye Malick Mbengue Mamadou Salif Sow Abdou Diouf Department of Cereals and Legumes Institute of Food Technology (ITA) Dakar Senegal Polytechnic School Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional and sensory characteristics of penne-type pasta produced from locally sourced cereals, tubers, and legumes. To achieve this, we formulated four different types of pasta with varying levels of incorporation ranging from 10 to 50% cereals such as millet, fonio, and rice, tubers such as manioc and sweet potato, and legumes such as cowpea. The results showed that the incorporation of local products considerably improved the nutrient content of penne without being rejected by consumers. Sensory analysis showed that the best results were obtained with mixtures of sweet potato, cowpea, and wheat, as well as with rice, manioc, cowpea, and sample wheat. These results are of great importance to manufacturers in a world where developing nutritious and attractive food products is a crucial challenge.

关键词： Pasta Tubers Cereals Legumes

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