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Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions through Improving the Life Span of Wooden Power Electric Poles of Eucalyptus saligna

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Modern Mechanical Engineering 2022年第1期12卷 1-26页

作者： Joseph Voufo Zakari Yaou florent biyeme Rolland Djomi Richard Dadji Metangmo Théodore Tchotang National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaoundé (NASEY) Yaoundé Cameroon Laboratory of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Yaoundé Cameroon Higher Technical Teacher Training College of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering Yaoundé Cameroon

The present work deals with reducing greenhouse gas emissions through improving the life span of wooden power electric poles of Eucalyptus saligna. Indeed, in Sub-Saharan African countries, Cameroon in particular, most of the power line networks are made of wooden supports and according to the Cameroon energy distribution company, wooden poles represent 32% of the causes of death linked to the state of the network. The company’s 2019 annual report indicates that 40,000 wooden poles were in critical condition and should be replaced. A significant number of mechanical failures affecting these supports have been observed. For example, on the HVA/LV power line “D17 Nko- abang” in Yaoundé in Cameroon, less than three years old, 10 (ten) cases of poles falling and/or breaking, due to their mechanical loading, were observed over a period of fewer than nine months, causing an average service stoppage for more than 11 hours and affecting an average of 3280 customers. These incidents lead to questions about how the supports are dimensioned and what load capacities they are designed to support. The aim of this work is, therefore, to suggest a method of dimensioning wooden poles hence reducing green- house gas emissions due to the deforestation by reducing the number of woo- den poles at risk to be replaced on Cameroon’s electricity distribution network. And more specifically, to reduce the number of mechanical failures affecting the wooden supports observed by analyzing the current wooden supports with their loads and to make proposals for improving the actual dimensioning me- thods. From the study carried out, it appears that 449 out of 845 supports, i.e., 53% needed to be replaced or monitored because they support the nominal forces ranging from 85% to 150% of their admissible limit and proposals have been made to improve their dimensioning.

关键词： Electrical Power Line Dimensioning Wooden Pole Efforts on Pole Pole’s Height Method of Loading Overload Coefficients

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Industrial Elaboration by Extrusion of PVC Tubes Loaded with Micronized Dura Palm Kernel Shell Powder

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2021年第10期9卷 41-69页

作者： Rolland Djomi Christian Mbopda Fokam florent biyeme Chantal Marguerite Mveh Roland Olembé Hypolyte Ntede Ateba Atangana Civil and Mechanical Engineering Laboratory National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Information System National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Mechanics Laboratory Higher Teachers’ Technical Training College of Douala Douala Cameroon

We present in this work how to use the dura palm kernel shell powders as loads for the elaboration by extrusion of PVC tubes. The transformation of dura palm kernel shells into micronized shell powder as well as its characterization was the subject of recent work. We carried out, the formulations by using the industrial scales of precision, the mixtures of the instrants with an industrial machine of mark HENSHLLE N˚2 MAIN 570762, the routine tests by ATG/DSC then by IRTF, the extrusion of the tubes with an extruder twin-screw with 9 rooms of transformation finally the tests of conformity by the observations and the analyses. We obtained for the formulations the dosage of 0%, 4.01%, 12.54%, 23.03%, 32.01%, 38.01%, 51.02% representing the percentage of hull powder in the mixture, the machine mixing gave perfectly homogeneous powders, the routine tests showed that the hull powder keeps all its properties until the end of the shaping whatever the percentage of hulls contained in the PVC, the extrusion gave tubes for each formulation and the conformity tests gave perfectly round tubes of diameter 90 × 82 mm, a coloration going from white grey at 0% to dark black at 51.02% showing the influence of the carbon black and the color of the shell powder according to its proportion. The infrared of the tubes obtained shows for each formulation a variation of the CH2 and CH bonds and a decrease of the −OH bonds. The thermogravimetric analyses and the differential calorimetric analyses of the tubes of each formulation, show each time that the quantity of shell powders in the mixture influences the PVC tubes obtained. Thus, we obtain a variation of the phase temperatures according to the dosage, giving from 108.72˚C to 76.56˚C for the glass transition temperature and from 494.71˚C to 414.56&

关键词： Extrusion Elaboration of PVC Tubes Micronized Dura Palm Kernel Shells Routine Extrusion Test Tube Conformity Test

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Performance Improvement in Manufacturing Shop Floor Operations of Developing Countries Based on Three Characteristics of Information Flow

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2022年第3期10卷 46-65页

作者： Joseph Voufo André Marie Mbakop florent biyeme Rolland Djomi Pélagie Flore Nanfack Temgoua Jean Raymond Lucien Meva’a National Advanced School of Engineering of Yaoundé (NASEY) Yaoundé Cameroon Laboratory of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Yaoundé Cameroon Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation National Committee for Development of Technologies Yaoundé Cameroon

The management of information flow for production improvement has always been a target in the research. In this paper, the focus is on the analysis model of the characteristics of information flow in shop floor operations based on the influence that dimension (support or medium), direction and the quality information flow have on the value of information flow using machine learning classification algorithms. The obtained results of classification algorithms used to analyze the value of information flow are Decision Trees (DT) and Random Forest (RF) with a score of 0.99% and the mean absolute error of 0.005. The results also show that the management of information flow using DT or RF shows that, the dimension of information such as digital information has the greatest value of information flow in shop floor operations when the shop floor is totally digitalized. Direction of information flow does not have any great influence on shop floor operations processes when the operations processes are digitalized or done by operators as machines.

关键词： Developing Countries Information Flow Characteristics Machine Learning Shop Floor Operations Value of Information Flow

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Data-driven analysis of chemicals,proteins and pathways associated with peanut allergy:from molecular networking to biological interpretation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1322-1335页

作者： Emmanuel Kemmler Julian Braun florent Fauchère Sabine Dölle-Bierke Kirsten Beyer Robert Preissner Margitta Worm Priyanka Banerjee Institute for Physiology Charité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 10115Germany Member of the KFO339 FOOD@Berlin 10115Germany Si-M/“Der Simulierte Mensch”a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin 10115Germany Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlin 10115Germany Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of DermatologyVenerology and AllergyCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlin 10115Germany Pediatrics Campus VirchowCharité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 10115Germany

Peanut allergy is majorly related to severe food induced allergic *** food including cow's milk,hen's eggs,soy,wheat,peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,hazelnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios),fish and shellfish are responsible for more than 90%of food ***,we provide promising insights using a large-scale data-driven analysis,comparing the mechanistic feature and biological relevance of different ingredients presents in peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios)and ***,we have analysed the chemical compositions of peanuts in different processed form raw,boiled and *** the data-driven approach we are able to generate new hypotheses to explain why nuclear receptors like the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)and its isoform and their interaction with dietary lipids may have significant effect on allergic *** results obtained from this study will direct future experimeantal and clinical studies to understand the role of dietary lipids and PPARisoforms to exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and influence antigen presentation to the cells of the adaptive immunity.

关键词： Allergy informatics Knowledge-graph Data analysis Food allergy Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors Fatty acids

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Production and achievements of Sesamum indicum industry in the world:Past and current state

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 187-197页

作者： Gazali B.T.A.Sanni Vincent Ezin Ifagbémi Bienvenue Chabi Antoine Abel Missihoun Quenum florent Zangui Hamissou Mareme Niang Adam Ahanchede Department of Crop Production Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Abomey-Calavi01BP 526CotonouBenin Laboratory of Valorization and Quality Management of Food Bio-Ingredients Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Abomey-Calavi01BP 526CotonouBenin Laboratory of Genetic and Biotechnology Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Abomey-CalaviBP 526CotonouBenin Department of Vegetal Production Abdou Moumouni UniversityFaculty of AgronomyBP:10960Niamey-Niger ISRA-CERAAS Thies-EscaleThiesBP 3320Senegal

Sesame production is important in agriculture,food industry,and the crop diversity due to its rich nutritional profile and health *** its significant value,sesame is still an orphan crop that has received little scientific attention,resulting in low yield compared to other major oilseed *** review offers a comprehensive overview of the present state of production,knowledge,and research advancements concerning Sesamum indicum on a global *** FAOSTAT database was extensively used to examine the global trends from 1961 to *** the past 60 years,global sesame production has substantially increased,with Asia and Africa being the primary *** integration of omics technologies and biotechnological interventions has revolutionized our understanding of the genetic basis of sesame,enhanced productivity,invigorated stress resilience,and improved seed ***-throughput sequencing methods such as RNA-seq,RAD-seq,SLAF-seq,and GBS technology are used in various studies,linkage mapping,and identification of trait-associated *** linkage maps,and multi-omics studies such as genomics,proteomics,transcriptomics,and metabolomics have been employed in sesame research for gene and QTL *** and metabolic pathways related to oil content,yield,and stress tolerance were *** and QTLs related to yield and its components,drought,salt,and osmotic stress tolerance were *** genes associated with capsule shattering and seed shattering were recently *** more achievement in sesame,it is important to enhance sesame production efficiency through mechanization,advanced agricultural practices,and knowledge dissemination to *** and multi-omics integration should be particularly *** advancements in sesame production present a significant and promising opportunity for farmers,governments,and stakeholders in the agricultural sector.

关键词： Sesamum indicum Oil yield Genetic markers Sesame industry Omics improvement

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Comparative Study of Early Neonatal Complications between the First and Second Twin during Twin Vaginal Deliveries at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, and the Yaounde Central Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 381-392页

作者： florent Ymele Fouelifack Felicite Nguefack Patricia Bashir Kadidja Roosvelt Dongmo Tiodjou Jeanne Hortence Fouedjio Pascal Foumane Higher Institute of Medical Technology of Nkolondom Yaounde Cameroon Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit of Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Associative Group for Research Education and Health La Falaise “GARES-Falaise” Dschang Cameroon Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit of the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetrics and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Twin birth is the expulsion of two fetuses and their appendages out of the woman’s reproductive tract. It’s a high-risk delivery because of the high frequency of maternal, fetal and neonatal complications. Few studies exist on the comparative prognoses of twins. Our objective was to compare early neonatal complications in first and second twins. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional prospective study from January 2 to April 30, 2020 (4 months) at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital, and the Yaounde Central Hospital. Data collected were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were done in frequencies and percentages, means and standard deviations. Paired-sample student's t-test were used to compare means. McNemar’s Chi-square and Ficher’s exact tests were used to compare proportions. Statistical significance was set at p-values less than 0.05. Results: Of a total of 2183 deliveries during the study period, 43 (1.96%) were twin vaginal deliveries. Among the 43 women, 41 consented to have their newborns participate in the study. Overall, APGAR scores were better for the first twins at the first (p = 0.004) and fifth (p = 0.031) minutes than for the second twins. Although both twins had complications and that there were 4 neonatal deads of the second twin, there was no relationship between studied complications and the rank of the twin (p = 0.310). Conclusion: As the APGAR score seemed to be better for first twins, clinicians should pay more attention during twin births, in order to improve the prognosis of the second twin.

关键词： Comparison Vaginal Birth Rank of Twin Early Neonatal Complications

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Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Male Infertility in Patients Consulting at the Urology Department of the Yaounde Central Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 348-358页

作者： Achile Aurele Mbassi florent Ymele Fouelifack Fatoumata Touda Dehukwe Maguira Roosvelt Dongmo Tiodjou Magloire Sida Biwole Department of Surgery and Specialties Higher Institute of Medical Technology of Nkolondom Yaounde Cameroon Department of Urology and Andrology Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Associative Group for Research Education and Health La Falaise “GARES-Falaise” Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon The Higher Institute of Medical Technology of Nkolondom Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: About 10 to 15% of couples in the world and 20 to 30% in Cameroon consult for infertility problems. Infertility is of male origin in 40% of cases. Our objective was to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical aspects of male infertility in our setting. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with retrospective data collection from the files of patients received for male infertility, over 5 years and 6 months (from January 1st, 2016 to April 30th, 2021) at the Urology Department of the Yaounde Central Hospital. Phone calls were made to patients with incomplete records for completion following a verbal consent. Data reported on data collection forms were entered into a data entry form designed on CSPro software version 7.2. The database was later exported for descriptive statistics using the IBM SPSS software version 23. Qualitative variables were summarized in frequencies and percentages while quantitative variables were summarized in means with their standard deviations for normally distributed data, or medians and interquartile ranges otherwise. Results: Out of 110 patients whose records were analyzed, the median age was 37.0 years, with an interquartile range of 8.3, with 55.5% in the age group 30 to 39 years. Of these 95 (86.4%) were married, 58 (52.7%) were from the West region, 76 (69.1%) were employed. Past history was dominated by mumps 40 (36.4%), varicocele surgery 25 (22.7%), alcoholism 87 (79.1%) and smoking 15 (13.6%). A disorder of spermatogenesis was found in all our patients: 37 (33.6%) azoospermia, 27 (24.6%) asthenospermia and 26 (23.7%) oligospermia patients. Paraclinical evidence of chlamydia and gonococcal infections were found respectively in 38 (34.5%) and 14 (12.7%) patients, varicocele and testicular dystrophy respectively in 95 (86.4%) and 38 (34.5%) patients. Infertility was primary in 67 (60.9%) patients. Conclusion: Most patients with infertility were in their thirties, had risky soc

关键词： Epidemiology Clinical Male Infertility Central Hospital Yaounde

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Contribution of Satellite Observations in the Optical and Microphysical Characterization of Aerosols in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 154-171页

作者： Nébon Bado Serge Dimitri Bazyomo Germain Wende Pouiré Ouedraogo Bruno Korgo Mamadou Simina Dramé florent P. Kieno Sié Kam Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (L.E.T.RE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouaga Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon-Fongang Université Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar-Fann Sénégal Institute of Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Porto-Novo Benin

In this work, we proceed to an optical and microphysical analysis of the observations reversed by the MODIS, SeaWiFS, MISR and OMI sensors with the aim of proposing the best-adapted airborne sensor for better monitoring of aerosols in Burkina Faso. To this end, a comparison of AOD between satellite observations and in situ measurements at the Ouagadougou site reveals an underestimation of AERONET AOD except for OMI which overestimates them. Also, an inter-comparison done based on the linear regression line representation shows the correlation between the aerosol models incorporated in the airborne sensor inversion algorithms and the aerosol population probed. This can be seen through the correlation coefficients R which are 0.84, 0.64, 0.55 and 0.054 for MODIS, SeaWiFS, MISR and OMI respectively. Furthermore, an optical analysis of aerosols in Burkina Faso by the MODIS sensor from 2001 to 2016 indicates a large spatial and temporal variability of particles strongly dominated by desert dust. This is corroborated by the annual and seasonal cycles of the AOD at 550 nm and the Angström coefficient measured in the spectral range between 412 nm and 470 nm. A zoom on a few sites chosen according to the three climatic zones confirms the majority presence of mineral aerosols in Burkina Faso, whose maxima are observed in spring and summer.

关键词： AERONET Airborne Sensors Aerosol Optical and Microphysical Properties

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Evaluation of Water Losses by Evaporation in the Nakanbe Basin

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 29-41页

作者： Bayala Alfred Kabre Sayouba Yonli Hamma Fabien Chesneau Xavier Thierry Sikoudouin Maurice Ky Zeghmati Belkacem Kieno P. florent Kam Sié Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA) Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de recherche en Science Exactes et Appliquées Centre Universitaire de Kaya (CU-K) Perpignan France Laboratoire de Modélisation Pluridisciplinaire et Simulation Université de Perpignan Via Domitia Perpignan France Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA) Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement Uni-versité Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’ Environnement (LPCE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

A numerical approach to heat and mass transfer in a large water reservoir is presented. This water reservoir is likened to a parallelepiped reservoir whose vertical and lower walls are adiabatic and impermeable. The equations that govern natural convection in water are solved by the finite volume method and Thomas’salgorithm. The adequacy between the velocity and pressure fields is ensured by the SIMPLE algorithm. We are going to evaluate the water losses by evaporation from three dams in the Nakanbé basin in Burkina Faso for a period of thirty years, that is to say from January 1, 1991, to March 15, 2020. The three dams have a rate of evaporation greater than 40% of the volume of water stored. Indeed the rate of evaporation in each dam increases with the water filling rate in the reservoir: we have observed the following results for each dam in the Nakanbé basin;for the date of 02/27/1988 to 03/13/2020., the Loumbila dam received a total volume of stored water of 22.02 Mm3 and 10.57 Mm3 as the total volume of water evaporated at the same date. At the Ouaga dam (2 + 3), it stored a water volume of 4.06 Mm3 and evaporated 2.03 Mm3 of its storage volume from 01/01/1988 to 05/07/2016. Finally, with regard to the Bagré dam, it stored 745.16 Mm3 of water and 365.13 Mm3 as the volume of water evaporated from 01/01/1993 to 03/31/2020.

关键词： Numerical Study Evaporation Meteorological Data Natural Convection Basins Dams

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Geochemical and Petrological Insights into the Neoproterozoic Moumba Metabasites: Implications for Crustal Processes in the West Congo Belt (Republic of Congo)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第2期12卷 1-29页

作者： Ulrich Verne Matiaba-Bazika Nelson Lekeba Makamba Vicky Tendresse Télange Bouénitéla Nicy Carmelle Bazebizonza Tchiguina Timothée Miyouna florent Boudzoumou Laboratory of Geosciences Faculty of Sciences and Technics Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of Congo National Institute for Research in Exact and Natural Sciences (IRSEN) Brazzaville Republic of Congo Geographid Research and Cartographic Production Center (CERGEC) Brazzaville Republic of Congo

The West Congo Belt contains in its rocks of Neoproterozoic age from Nemba complex outcropping in the Moumba River. This West Congo belt is made up of a crustal segment of the Arcuaï-West Congo orogen which extends from southwest Gabon to the northeast of Angola. This study aims to constrain the geochemical signature Nemba complex of West Congo belt from the petrograhic and geochemical study on the whole rock. The petrographic data from this study show the Moumba metabasites are made up of amphibolites, metagabbros, epidotites and greenschists interstratified in the Eburnean metasediments and affected by mesozonal to epizonal metamorphism characterized by the retromorphosis of intermediate amphibolite facies minerals into greenschist facies. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that these metabasites are continental flood basalts (CFB) of basic nature and transitional affinity emplaced in intraplate context. These continental flood basalts are generated from magma originating from a significantly enriched shallow mantle plume and this magma then contaminated by the continental crust during their ascent. The reconstruction of tectonic signature suggests that West Congo belt would result from closure of an ocean basin with subduction phenomena. This collision would be marked by the establishment of ophiolite complex. We show that this model is incompatible with the CFB nature of metabasites and the orogenic evolution of Neoproterozoic. It does not seem that we can evoke a genetic link with a subduction of oceanic crust, because the paleogeography of Neoproterozoic (Rodinia) is marked by intracontinental rifts linked to opening of Rodinia. We therefore suggest the non-existence of ophiolitic complex in western Congo belt and reject the collisional model published by certain authors. We confirm the currently available intracontinental orogen model.

关键词： Mayombe Metabasites Moumba Mantle Plume Continental Rifting Basalts Flood Continental

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