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System-level Pareto frontiers for on-chip thermoelectric coolers

Frontiers in Energy 2018年第1期12卷 109-120页

作者： Sevket U. YURUKER Michael C. fish.Zhi YANG Nicholas BALDASARO Philip BARLETTA Avram BAR-COHEN Bao YANG Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742 USA Research Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA Micross Components Research Triangle Park NC 27709 USA

The continuous rise in heat dissipation of integrated circuits necessitates advanced thermal solutions to ensure system reliability and efficiency. Thermoelectric coolers are among the most promising techniques for dealing with localized on-chip hot spots. This study focuses on establishing a holistic optimization methodol- ogy for such thermoelectric coolers, in which a thermo- electric element＇s thickness and the electrical current are optimized to minimize source temperature with respect to ambient, when the thermal and electrical parasitic effects are considered. It is found that when element thickness and electrical current are optimized for a given system architecture, a ＂heat flux vs. temperature difference＂ Pareto frontier curve is obtained, indicating that there is an optimum thickness and a corresponding optimum current that maximize the achievable temperature reduc- tion while removing a particular heat flux. This methodol- ogy also provides the possible system level AT＇s that can be achieved for a range of heat fluxes, defining the upper limits of thermoelectric cooling for that architecture. In this study, use was made of an extensive analytical model, which was verified using commercially available finite element analysis software. Through the optimization process, 3 pairs of master curves were generated, which were then used to compose the Pareto frontier for any given system architecture. Finally, a case study wasperformed to provide an in-depth demonstration of the optimization procedure for an example application.

关键词： thermoelectric cooling thermal management,optimization high flux electronics

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Ab initio Studies on the Reaction of M￣++CH_4→M￣+CH_2+H_2(M=Sc,Y,La)

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 1996年第4期12卷 368-373页

作者： Zhu, rs Dai, SS Huang, JH Ye, S YUNNAN UNIV DEPT CHEMKUNMING 650091PEOPLES R CHINA

The present paper covers the reactions of M￣+ +CH_4→M￣+CH_2+H_2(M=Sc,Y,La)investigated theoretically using ab initio MO methods and reaction channels onthe singlet potential energy surfaces (PESs) examined and discusses the reactionmechanism. The results indicate that the formation of M￣+CH_2 is primarily via a sin-glet H M￣+ CH_3 intermediate,followed by a four-center elimination of H_2,all ofthese reactions have negative activation energies and the trend of reactivity is La￣+>Sc￣+>Y￣+.

关键词： s:Ab initio calculation Transition metalion Methane Reaction mechaNism

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Handmade cloning:recent advances,potential and pitfalls

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 378-387页

作者： Geetika Verma JS Arora rs Sethi CS Mukhopadhyay Ramneek Verma School of Animal Biotechnology Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and ResearchGuru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

Handmade cloning （HMC） is the most awaited, simple and micromanipulator-ffee version of somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT）. The requirement of expensive micromanipulators and skilled expertise is eliminated in this technique, proving it as a major revolution in the field of embryology. During the past years, many modifications have been incorporated in this technique to boost its efficiency. This alternative approach to micromanipulator based traditional cloning O-C） works wonder in generating comparable or even higher birth rates in addition to declining costs drastically and enabling cryopreservation. This technique is not only applicable to intraspecies nuclear transfer but also to interspecies nuclear transfer （iSCNT） thus permitting conservation of endangered species. It also offers unique possibilities for automation of SCNT which aims at production of transgenic animals that can cure certain human diseases by producing therapeutics hence, providing a healthier future for the wellbeing of humans. The present review aims at highlighting certain aspects of HMC including recent advancements in procedure and factors involved in elevating its efficiency besides covering the potentials and pitfalls of this technique

关键词： Handmade cloning Micromanipulator Somatic cell nuclear transfer Transgenic Zona free cloning

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Development of a laser capture microscope-based single-cell-type proteomics tool for studying proteomes of individual cell layers of plant roots

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 190-197页

作者： Yingde Zhu Hui Li Sarabjit Bhatti Suping Zhou Yong Yang Tara fish.Theodore W Thannhauser Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences College of AgricultureHuman and Natural SciencesTennessee State UniversityNashville37209TNUSA R.W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-ARS538 Tower RoadNew YorkNY 14853IthacaNew YorkUSA

Single-cell-type proteomics provides the capability to revealing the genomic and proteomics information at cell-level ***,the methodology for this type of research has not been *** paper reports developing a workflow of laser capture microdissection(LCM)followed by gel-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(GeLC-MS/MS)-based proteomics analysis for the identification of proteomes contained in individual cell layers of tomato ***-sections(~10-μm thick,10 sections per root tip)were prepared for root tips of tomato germinating *** and cortical cells(5000–7000 cells per tissue type)were isolated under a LCM *** were isolated and then separated by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by in-gel-tryptic *** MS and MS/MS spectra generated using nanoLC-MS/MS analysis of the tryptic peptides were searched against ITAG2.4 tomato protein database to identify proteins contained in each single-cell-type *** on the biological functions,proteins with proven functions in root hair development were identified in epidermal cells but not in the cortical *** of these proteins were found in Al-treated roots *** results demonstrated that the cell-type-specific proteome is relevant for tissue-specific functions in tomato *** the coverage of proteomes and reducing the inevitable cross-contamination from adjacent cell layers,in both vertical and cross directions when cells are isolated from slides prepared using intact root tips,are the major challenges using the technology in proteomics analysis of plant roots.

关键词： roots laser directions

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EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF WOODY SPECIES OF THE NOKREK BIOSPHERE RESERVE OF MEGHALAYA, NORTHEAST INDIA

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植物生态学报 2008年第1期32卷 73-79页

作者： Tripathi OP Pandey HN Tripathi rs Department of Forestry North Eastern Regional Institute of Science ＆ Technology Deemed University Nirjuli-791 109 Arunachal Pradesh India Department of Botany North-Eastern Hill Univershy Shillong-793 022 India

Aims Our study was conducted in the Nokrek Biosphere Reserve(NBR) in the Garo hills districts of Meghalaya,Northeast *** aim was to assess the effects of human activities on plant diversity,population structure and *** We selected a representative 1.2 hm2 stand in both the core and buffer zones of *** and composition were determined by randomly sampling square quadrats,population structure was assessed by determining age structure,and regeneration was assessed by measuring densities of seedling,sapling and adult *** findings More woody species were recorded from the core zone than the buffer zone(87 vs.81 species),and there were a large number of tropical,temperate,and Sino-Himalayan,Burma-Malaysian and Malayan elements,primitive families and primitive *** trees were distributed in three distinct strata,canopy,subcanopy and *** and sapling layers had the highest species richness(81%-88%).Lauraceae and Euphorbiaceae were the dominant families in terms of the number of species,and a large number of families were represented by single *** woody species(57%-79%) were contagiously distributed and had low frequency(rsity indicate marked differences in species composition of the *** diversity index was high in both the stands,while Simpson dominance index was *** diameter-class distribution for dominant species revealed that the most had a large number of young individuals in their *** of tree seedlings,followed by a steep decline in population density of saplings and adult trees,indicated that the seedling to sapling stage was the most critical in the life cycle of the tree *** species(42%-48%) had no regeneration,25%-35% had good/fair regeneration,and the rest had poor regeneration or reoccurred as imm

关键词：印度生物圈自然保护区散布图种群结构再生物种丰富度 NOKREK国家公园

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A method of quantitatively calculating amount of allochthonous organic carbon in lake sediments

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第21期42卷 1821-1823页

作者： Qian, JL Wang, SM Xue, B Chen, rs Ke, SZ Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China

TOTAL organic matter(TOM) or total organic carbon(TOC) is often treated as an importantindicator of lake environment. As a matter of fact, TOC is of multi-origin, and can simply bedivided into two parts: autochthonous and allochthonous organic carbon. The autochthonousorganic carbon is mainly controlled by the production of the plankton of lake itse1f; and the al-lochthonous one by climate and environment in the catchment area, e. g. more precipitationand runoff and densely developed vegetation will give rise to more allochthonous organic com-

关键词： lake sediment allochthonous organic carbon C/N.

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Two Novel Sesquiterpene Diglycosides from Dictamnus dasycarpus

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1999年第7期10卷 563-566页

作者： Zhao, WM Wang, SC Hostettmann, K Qin, GW Xu, rs Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Mat Med Shanghai 200031 Peoples R China Univ Lausanne Coll Pharm CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

Two novel sesquiterpene diglycosides named dictamnosides F 1 and G 2 were isolated from methanol extract of the root bark of Dictamnus dasycarpus. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic and che... 详细信息

关键词： Dictamnus dasycarpus Rutaceae dictamnosides F and G sesquiterpene diglycosides

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Conductance Behaviour of Tunneling Junctions with Fractal Structures

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1998年第5期14卷 385-389页

作者： Qin, rs Su, SX Guo, JD He, GH Zhou, BL Acad Sinica Inst Met Res Int Ctr Mat Phys Shenyang 110015 Peoples R China

Conductance behaviours of resonant tunneling junction with elementary, second and third Sierpinskii structures are considered. Numerical calculation shows that a tunneling junction with higher order fractal structure possesses more meticulous resonant behaviour. it provides the possibility of fabricating exact energy selecting tunneling devices. The structure of tunneling junction can be determined by experimental observation. The energetic spectrum of such device is supposed to be a fractal one. The effect of electrode is alteration of the shape and maximum of conductance peaks.

关键词： Conductance Behaviour of Tunneling Junctions with Fractal Structures Rev

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辐节藻属的一个新种

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 1989年第4期28卷 414-418页

作者：林均民王渊源厦门大学生物学系厦门水产学院海渔系

1982年7月在厦门集美采到一种辐节藻属的硅藻,经微细构造观察它是这个属的一个尚未被描述过的新种——集美辐节藻。

关键词：硅藻辐节藻集美福节藻

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在水底思考的戈达尔

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电影文学 2003年第12期 58-59页

作者： fish

让—吕克·戈达尔,1930年12月3日生于巴黎。他在法国和瑞士边界的雷曼湖畔度过了少年时期,进入青年时期后陶醉于电影世界,与特吕弗和罗梅尔等人终日在巴黎的“朗格洛瓦法国国家电影资料馆”里接受各种电影的洗礼。随后不久便在《电影手... 详细信息

让—吕克·戈达尔,1930年12月3日生于巴黎。他在法国和瑞士边界的雷曼湖畔度过了少年时期,进入青年时期后陶醉于电影世界,与特吕弗和罗梅尔等人终日在巴黎的“朗格洛瓦法国国家电影资料馆”里接受各种电影的洗礼。随后不久便在《电影手册》等杂志上发表评论文章,并模仿希区柯克等老前辈,一边进行写作,一边制作自己的短片,为拍摄正式的长篇作品积累经验。1960年,戈达尔发表了第一部长篇电影作品《筋疲力尽》,在世界电影界引起了轩然大波,其完全无视传统电影理论的拍摄手法带来了褒贬不一的评价。与安娜·卡利娜结婚以后,以她为主演的“新浪潮”电影代表作一部接一部地问世。戈达尔成为全球最受注目的导演之一。“我喜欢做联系和比较。

关键词：戈达尔《筋疲力尽》政治新浪潮电影电影史文化史影片《中国姑娘》

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