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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:What is the actual risk of liver damage?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第45期16卷 5651-5661页

作者： fernando Bessone Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Rosario School of Medicine2000RosarioArgentina

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) constitute a family of drugs, which taken as a group, represents one of the most frequently prescribed around the world. Thus, not surprisingly NSAIDs, along with antiinfectious agents, list on the top for causes of DrugInduced Liver Injury (DILI). The incidence of liver disease induced by NSAIDs reported in clinical studies is fairly uniform ranging from 0.29/100 000 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.17-051] to 9/100 000 (95% CI: 6-15). However, compared with these results, a higher risk of liver-related hospitalizations was reported (3-23 per 100 000 patients). NSAIDs exhibit a broad spectrum of liver damage ranging from asymptomatic, transient, hyper-transaminasemia to fulminant hepatic failure. However, under-reporting of asymptomatic, mild cases, as well as of those with transient liver-tests alteration, in conjunction with reports non-compliant with pharmacovigilance criteria to ascertain DILI and flawed epidemiological studies, jeopardize the chance to ascertain the actual risk of NSAIDs hepatotoxicity. Several NSAIDs, namely bromfenac, ibufenac and benoxaprofen, have been withdrawn from the market due to hepatotoxicity; others like nimesulide were never marketed in some countries and withdrawn in others. Indeed, the contro-versy concerning the actual risk of severe liver disease persists within NSAIDs research. The present work intends (1) to provide a critical analysis of the dissimilar results currently available in the literature concerning the epidemiology of NSAIDS hepatotoxicity; and (2) to review the risk of hepatotoxicity for each one of the most commonly employed compounds of the NSAIDs family, based on past and recently published data.

关键词： Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Side effects Fulminant hepatic failure Cholestasis Liver damage Liver injury Hepatitis Hepatotoxicity

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Dicroerisma (Actiniscales, Dinophyceae) in the open Pacific Ocean, a gymnodinioid dinoflagellate with an endoskeleton

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2008年第1期26卷 116-120页

作者： fernando GóMEZ Station Marine de Wimereux Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille-Lille1 FRE 2816 ELICO CNRS 28 Avenue Foch BP 80 F-62930 Wimereux France

This study is the first to describe and illustrate the dinoflagellate genus Dicroerisma in the open Pacific Sea and in the southern hemisphere. Eleven individuals ascribed to Dicroerisma psilonereiella were encountered in subsurface waters (>70 m depth) from 34°N to 33°S. Another specimen that differs from the type is also illustrated. These findings reveal that Dicroerisma is a widespread genus and that there is tentative existence of another species within the genus.

关键词： Dicroerisma psilonereiella Actiniscales axostyle endoskeleton Dinophyceae the Pacific Ocean

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Self-transforming stainless-steel into the next generation anode material for lithium ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 432-441,I0012页

作者： Nimrod Harpak Guy Davidi fernando Patolsky School of Chemistry Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Materials Science and Engineering the Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv University.Tel Aviv 69978Israel

Here,an extremely cost-effective and simple method is proposed in order to morphologically selftransform stain less steel from a completely inactive material to a fully operati onal,nanowire-structured,3D anode material for lithium ion *** reagentless process of a single heating step of the plain stainless steel in a partially reduci ng atmosphere,converts the stain less steel into an active anode via metal-selective oxidation,creating vast spinel-structured nanowires directly from the electrochemically in active *** simple process allows the complete utilizati on of the 3D mesh structure as the electrochemically-active spinel nanowires greatly enhance the active surface *** novel material and architecture exhibits high capacities(-1000 mAh/g after-400 cycles),long cycle life(>1100 cycles)and fast rate performance(>2C).Simple modulation of the substrate can result in very high areal and volumetric ***,areal capacities greater than 10 mAh/cm^(2) and volumetric capacities greater than 1400 mAh/cm^(3) can be *** the proposed method,the potential reduction in cost from the use of battery-grade graphite is at least an order of magnitude,with considerable better results achieved in terms of capacity and intrinsic structural benefits of the substrate,which include direct contact of the active material with the current collector,lack of delamination and binder-free *** work provides a new paradigm and a key step in the long route to replace the commercial graphite anode as the next-geneation anode material.

关键词： Stainless steel Anode material Transition metal oxide Energy storage MnCr_(2)O_(4) Lithium ion batteries

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Enhanced capacity to CO2 sorption in humid conditions with a K-doped biocarbon

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第7期28卷 208-219页

作者： Nausika Querejeta fernando Rubiera Covadonga Pevida Instituto Nacional del Carbón

Solid sorbents with enhanced capacity and selectivity towards CO2 are crucial in the design of an efficient capture *** the possible alternatives,K2CO3-doped activated carbons have shown high CO2 capture capacity and rapid carbonation reaction *** this work,a sustainable and low-cost approach is developed with a biomass-based activated carbon or biocarbon as *** CO2 capture performance in cyclic sorption–desorption operation and the sorption kinetics have been investigated under different scenarios in a purpose-built fixed-bed *** of the H2O concentration in the flue gas,a constant relative humidity(~20%)in the K2CO3-doped biocarbon bed promoted the carbonation reaction and boosted the CO2 sorption capacity(1.92 mmol/g at 50℃ and 14 kPa partial pressure of CO2).Carbonation is slower than physical adsorption of CO2 but wise process design could tune the operation conditions and balance capture capacity and sorption kinetics.

关键词： Biocarbon K2CO3 CO2 sorption Humid flue gas

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Characterization of Ultrasonic Metal Welding Process

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2018年第3期7卷 125-131页

作者： Sandra matos fernando Veloso Carlos Santos Leonardo Goncalves Emanuel Carvalho Department of Polymers University of Minho Guimaraes 4800-058 Portugal Engineering Department Aptiv Lisbon 1600-514 Portugal Polytechnic Institute of Setubal Setubal 2910-761 Portugal Superior Institute of Engineering Lisbon 1959-007 Portugal

The ultrasonic welding process for wires is being largely used on industry mainly on applications that involve the connectionbetween similar or different metals. The biggest benefit of this technology is the possibility to perform the weld without additionmaterials, like terminals, metal rings or tapes. Manufacturing of wiring harnesses demands a significant amount of joining, such aswelding, crimping or soldering, to fulfill the desired layout of the harnesses and capacity requirements, but conventional connectionprocesses, face difficulties in joining multiple cross sections mainly due to the characteristics of the processes and equipment in *** metal welding process overcomes these issues due to the solid-state characteristics inherent to the process itself that includethe excellent electrical properties of the joint. Several researches on ultrasonic metal welding are being done to define the fundamentalmechanisms behind this process and it is being seen that they are completely dependent on the cross section to be welded. With thisresearch we are trying to develop methods for process characterization and define acceptable quality parameters in this process. Themain topics addressed in this paper are the characterization the weld formation using copper-to-copper wires using optical microscopyand the analysis of insulation material when submitted to different thermal conditions.

关键词： Ultrasonic metal welding wiring harnesses insulated wires splices harness assemblies PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

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Performance Comparison of Field-oriented Control,Direct Torque Control,and Model-predictive Control for SynRMs

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 24-37页

作者： Hazem Hadla fernando Santos Polytechnic Institute of Viseu Higher School of Technology and Management of LamegoLamego 5100-074Portugal

Simulation studies of three synchronous reluctance motor(SynRM)control strategies are presented:field-oriented control(FOC),direct torque control(DTC),and finite-set model-predictive control(FS-MPC).FOC uses linear controllers and pulse-width modulation to control the fundamental components of the load voltages *** contrast,DTC and FS-MPC are nonlinear strategies wherein the voltage vectors are directly generated in the absence of a *** operating principles and control structures of these control strategies are ***,a comparative analysis of the static and dynamic performance of the control strategies is conducted using Matlab/Simulink to identify their advantages and *** is confirmed that each of the control strategies has merits and that all three of them satisfy the requirements of modern high-performance drives.

关键词： Field-oriented control direct torque control model-predictive control synchronous reluctance motor

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Academic Stress Assessment Using Virtual Reality as an Educational Tool in Spine Surgery

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 114-123页

作者： Diana Chávez Lizárraga Jesús Alberto Pérez Contreras fernando Alvarado Gómez Evelyn Quintero Medina Emmanuel Cantú Chávez Iván Ulises Sámano López Ana Sofía Peña Blesa Department of Neurosurgery ángeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics Hospital Santa Fe Bogotá Colombia

Introduction: The evaluation of academic stress in medical students and residents is a topic of significant interest, given the considerable challenges they face during their learning process with traditional teaching methods. The use of technologies like virtual reality presents an opportunity to enhance their skills through simulations and training. The main objective of this study is to qualitatively assess the stress levels experienced by medical students and residents by integrating virtual reality into their current learning methods, aiming to improve their ability to manage stressors in their practice. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was conducted with 12 medical students and 12 Traumatology and orthopedics residents. The purpose of the questionnaire was to evaluate the levels of academic stress using the SISCO inventory. The stress levels were calculated by transforming average values into percentages, and the following criteria were assigned: 0 to 33% for Mild Stress, 34 to 66% for Moderate Stress, and 67 to 100% for Deep Stress. Then, a virtual reality class focused on spine surgery was provided. Both medical students and residents were trained using the Non Nocere SharpSurgeon software platform and Oculus Quest 2 virtual reality glasses. At the end of the session, a second questionnaire related to the practice with virtual reality was conducted with the same evaluation criteria and a comparative analysis was carried out. Results: 12 undergraduate students from Hospital Angeles Mexico, CDMX and 12 traumatology and orthopedics residents at Hospital Santa Fe, Bogota were evaluated. The students in CDMX reported an average qualitative stress of 28.50% during habitual practices, which decreased to an average of 14.67% after virtual reality practice. Residents in Bogotá experienced an average qualitative stress of 30.50% with their current learning methods but this reduced to an average of 13.92% after using virtual reality. These findings indicate that t

关键词： Virtual Reality Academic Stress Learning Strategies Spine Surgery Training

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An ACO-RFD hybrid method to solve NP-complete problems

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2013年第5期7卷 729-744页

作者： Pablo RABANAL Ismael RODRIGUEZ fernando RUBIO Dept. Sistemas Inforrnaiticos y Computacion Facultad de Informatica Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain

In this paper we hybridize ant colony optimiza- tion （ACt） and river formation dynamics （RFD）, two related swarm intelligence methods. In ACt, ants form paths （prob- lem solutions） by following each other＇s pheromone trails and reinforcing trails at best paths until eventually a single path is followed. On the other hand, RFD is based on copy- ing how drops form rivers by eroding the ground and de- positing sediments. In a rough sense, RFD can be seen as a gradient-oriented version of ACt. Several previous experi- ments have shown that the gradient orientation of RFD makes this method solve problems in a different way as ACt. In particular, RFD typically performs deeper searches, which in turn makes it find worse solutions than ACt in the first exe- cution steps in general, though RFD solutions surpass ACt solutions after some more time passes. In this paper we try to get the best features of both worlds by hybridizing RFD and ACt. We use a kind of ant-drop hybrid and consider both pheromone trails and altitudes in the environment. We apply the hybrid method, as well as ACt and RFD, to solve two NP-hard problems where ACt and RFD fit in a different manner： the traveling salesman problem （TSP） and the prob- lem of the minimum distances tree in a variable-cost graph （MDV）. We compare the results of each method and we an- alyze the advantages of using the hybrid approach in each case.

关键词： river formation dynamics ant colony optimization heuristic algorithms NP-hard problems

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How Africa Is Promoting Agricultural Innovations and Technologies amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Molecular Plant 2020年第10期13卷 1345-1346页

作者： Angela Joseph fernando Consultant-The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraApartado Aéreo 6713763537 CaliColombia

The COVID-19 pandemic has left an indelible mark on Africa's Agribusiness *** of households whose livelihoods depend on farming are facing a huge food *** mitigate these effects,the African Agricultural Technology Foundation(AATF)gathered a panel of renowned agricultural experts through an interactive webinar themed"Promotion of Agricultural Technologies and Innovations for Agri-Business Resilience in Africa in the Wake of COVID-19",the first in a series of several interactive seminars to be held virtually until the end of December *** seminars will focus on several topics specific to agricultural transformation,which revolve around smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA)and aim to help them come out of the cataclysmic effect of COVID-19 and recover their business and livelihoods.

关键词： Agricultural Africa interactive

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Complexity of adaptive testing in scenarios defined extensionally

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第3期17卷 11-28页

作者： Ismael RODRÍGUEZ David RUBIO fernando RUBIO Dpto.Sistemas Informáticos y Computación Facultad de InformáticaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain Instituto de Tecnologías del Conocimiento Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia.Universitat Politècnica de València València 46022Spain

In this paper,we consider a testing setting where the set of possible definitions of the Implementation Under Test(IUT),as well as the behavior of each of these definitions in all possible interactions,are extensionally defined,i.e.,on an element-by-element and case-by-case *** this setting,the problem of finding the minimum testing strategy such that collected observations will necessarily let us decide whether the IUT is correct or not(i.e.,whether it necessarily belongs to the set of possible correct definitions or not)is studied in four possible problem variants:with or without non-determinism;and with or without more than one possible definition in the sets of possible correct and incorrect *** computational complexity of these variants is studied,and properties such as PSPACE-completeness and Log-APX-hardness are identified.

关键词： formal testing adaptive testing computational complexity PSPACE-completeness approximation hardness

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