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Scrub typhus:pathophysiology,clinical manifestations and prognosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第4期5卷 261-264页

作者： Senaka Rajapakse Chaturaka Rodrigo Deepika fernando Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine25 Kynsey RoadColombo 8Sri Lanka Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine25 Kynsey RoadColombo 8Sri Lanka

Scrub typhus is a zoonosis caused by the pathogen Orientia tsutsugamushi(***). The disease has significant prevalence in eastern and Southeast *** presenting as an acute febrile illness,the diagnosis is often missed because of similarities with oilier tropical febrile *** unusual manifestations are present,and these are described in this review,together with an outline of current knowledge of *** of these unusual clinical manifestations will help the clinician to arrive at an early diagnosis,resulting in early administration of appropriate *** indicators for severe disease have not yet been clearly established.

关键词： Scrub typhus Orientia tsutsugamushi Clinical manifestations

A Comprehensive Survey on Fault Diagnosis and Fault Tolerance of DC-DC Converters

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2018年第3期4卷 1-12页

作者： fernando Bento Antonio J.Marques Cardoso CISE-Electromechatronic Systems Research Centre Universidade da Beira InteriorCalcada Fonte do LameiroP-6201-001 CovilhaPortugal Department of Electromechanical Engineering Universidade da Beira InteriorCalcada Fonte do LameiroP-6201-001 CovilhaPortugal

DC-DC converters are becoming more commonly used in power conversion solutions for energy management purposes,being employed in an ever-increasing range of DC-based applications,such as LED lighting,electric vehicles,energy storage solutions,and consumer electronics(laptops,smartphones,etc.).In this context,efficiency and reliability are *** research efforts made in improving reliability of DC-DC converters are still quite narrow and ***,DC-DC converters take the shape of an endless number of topologies,with different functionalities and operation principles,thus complicating the task of improving reliability of all forms of DC-DC ***,compiling the information about the main failure modes,corresponding fault diagnostic algorithms and fault tolerance strategies developed so far,in a single document,becomes increasingly ***,this paper presents an up-to-date review of the recent achievements attained regarding the improvement of availability and reliability of DC-DC converters.

关键词： DC-DC converters fault diagnosis fault tolerance reliability

Chemoprophylaxis in malaria:drugs,evidence of efficacy and costs

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第4期4卷 330-336页

作者： Sumadhya Deepika fernando Chaturaka Rodrigo Senaka Rajapakse Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine University Medical Unit National Hospital of Sri Lanka Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine

This review concentrates on different aspects of malaria chemoprophylaxis,namely drug combinations,resistance,impact of malaria prevention in pregnancy and cost effectiveness. A MEDLINE search was performed for all articles with the key word ’Malaria’ in the title field and ’Prophylaxis’ in any *** search was restricted to articles published in English within the last decade(1999-2009).Data sources included review articles published in core clinical journals,cohort studies,interventional studies,case control studies and cross sectional analyses. The mechanism of action,trial evidence of efficacy,side effects and geographical distribution of resistance is discussed for each prophylactic drug *** of prophylaxis in pregnancy and the cost considerations are discussed under two separate sub topics.

关键词： Malaria Prophylaxis Pregnancy Cost

Crohn's disease presenting as acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4073-4078页

作者： Amareshwar Podugu Kanwarpreet Tandon fernando J Castro Department of Gastroenterology Cleveland Clinic Florida

Severe gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage is a rare complication of Crohn’s disease (CD). Although several surgical and non-surgical approaches have been described over the last 2 decades this complication still poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Given the relative infrequency of severe bleeding in CD, available medical literature on this topic is mostly in the form of retrospective case series and reports. In this article we review the risk factors, diagnostic modalities and treatment options for the management of CD presenting as GI hemorrhage.

关键词： Crohn’ s disease Recurrence Gastrointestinal hemorrhage Biologic agents Risk factors

Can probiotics benefit children with autism spectrum disorders?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10093-10102页

作者： fernando Navarro Yuying Liu Jon Marc Rhoads Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Mc Govern Medical School

Children with autism are commonly affected by gastrointestinal problems such as abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhea. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of probiotics in this population, as it hypothetically may help to improve bowel habits and the behavioral and social functioning of these individuals. The gut microbiome plays an important role in the pathophysiology of organic as well as functional gastrointestinal disorders. Microbial modification with the use of antibiotics, probiotics, and fecal transplantation have been effective in the treatment of conditions such as recurrent Clostridium difficile infection, pouchitis, and irritable bowel syndrome. The present review presents a number of reported clinical, immunological and microbiomerelated changes seen in children with autism compared to normally developed children. It also discusses gut inflammation, permeability concerns, and absorption abnormalities that may contribute to these problems. Most importantly, it discusses evidence, from human and animal studies, of a potential role of probiotics in the treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism.

关键词： Microbiome gastrointestinal Inflammation functional bowel disease probiotics autism

Roles of Polycomb complexes in regulating gene expression and chromatin structure in plants

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Plant Communications 2022年第1期3卷 135-151页

作者： fernando Baile Angeles Gomez-Zambrano Myriam Calonje Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis(IBVF-CSIC-US) Avenida Americo Vespucio 4941092 SevilleSpain

The evolutionary conserved Polycomb Group(PcG)repressive system comprises two central protein complexes,PcG repressive complex 1(PRC1)and *** complexes,through the incorporation of histone modifications on chromatin,have an essential role in the normal development of *** recent years,a significant effort has been made to characterize these complexes in the different kingdoms,and despite there being remarkable functional and mechanistic conservation,some key molecular principles have *** this review,we discuss current views on the function of plant PcG *** compare the composition of PcG complexes between animals and plants,highlight the role of recently identified plant PcG accessory proteins,and discuss newly revealed roles of known PcG *** also examine the mechanisms by which the repression is achieved and how these complexes are recruited to target ***,we consider the possible role of some plant PcG proteins in mediating local and long-range chromatin interactions and,thus,shaping chromatin 3D architecture.

关键词： Polycomb Group PRC1 PRC2 histone modifications gene repression chromatin organization

Bayesian data analysis to quantify the uncertainty of intact rock strength

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第1期10卷 11-31页

作者： Luis fernando Contreras Edwin T.Brown Marc Ruest The University of Queensland St Lucia CampusBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Golder Associates Pty.Ltd. BrisbaneAustralia

One of the main difficulties in the geotechnical design process lies in dealing with uncertainty. Uncertainty is associated with natural variation of properties, and the imprecision and unpredictability caused by insufficient information on parameters or models. Probabilistic methods are normally used to quantify uncertainty. However, the frequentist approach commonly used for this purpose has some ***, it lacks a formal framework for incorporating knowledge not represented by data. Second, it has limitations in providing a proper measure of the confidence of parameters inferred from data. The Bayesian approach offers a better framework for treating uncertainty in geotechnical design. The advantages of the Bayesian approach for uncertainty quantification are highlighted in this paper with the Bayesian regression analysis of laboratory test data to infer the intact rock strength parameters σand mused in the Hoek-Brown strength criterion. Two case examples are used to illustrate different aspects of the Bayesian methodology and to contrast the approach with a frequentist approach represented by the nonlinear least squares(NLLS) method. The paper discusses the use of a Student’s t-distribution versus a normal distribution to handle outliers, the consideration of absolute versus relative residuals, and the comparison of quality of fitting results based on standard errors and Bayes factors. Uncertainty quantification with confidence and prediction intervals of the frequentist approach is compared with that based on scatter plots and bands of fitted envelopes of the Bayesian approach. Finally, the Bayesian method is extended to consider two improvements of the fitting analysis. The first is the case in which the Hoek-Brown parameter, a, is treated as a variable to improve the fitting in the triaxial region. The second is the incorporation of the uncertainty in the estimation of the direct tensile strength from Brazilian test results within the overall evaluati

关键词： Uncertainty Intact rock strength Bayesian analysis Hoek-Brown criterion

Intraspecific competition in Zabrotes subfasciatus： Physiological and behavioral adaptations to different amounts of host

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 102-111页

作者： Isabel R.V.Teixeira fernando S.Zucoloto Insect Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Laboratory Department of BiologyFaculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao Preto Universidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo epartment of Biology Federal Institute of Sul de Minas-Campus MuzambinhoIFSULDEMINAS MuzambinhoMinas GeraisBrazil

The effects of competition on populations of the bean weevil Zabrotes sub- fasciatus were analyzed during 41 generations under different competition levels. Three competition environments were established by maintaining the number of couples （6） and varying the amount of available host seeds： HC, high （limited availability of host： 1.35 g）; IC, intermediate （intermediate availability of host： 6 g）; and LC, low competition （abun- dance of host： 36 g）. It was found that the distribution of the eggs laid on grains was different among treatments： in LC, for example, although females showed high fecundity （35.4 ± 5.6 eggs/female） the number of eggs laid on each grain was small （1.2 ± 0.4 eggs on each seed）, thus avoiding larval competition of their offspring; whereas in HC treatment, females showed low fecundity （27.04 ± 4.5 eggs/female） but laid many eggs on each grain （15.03 ± 4.3 eggs）. There were no changes in the ability to respond to different amounts of host via oviposition behavior （egg distribution） during 41 generations. How- ever, HC females had more offspring than LC females under HC conditions. This suggests that HC insects evolved toward higher fitness in crowded conditions. In addition, after inverting the competition level, insects behaved independently of the treatment conditions they experienced through generations, thus showing that oviposition behavior is flexible. Taken together, our results show that Z. subfasciatus presents a broad range of behavioral and physiological responses which allows for quick and reversible adjustments to sudden changes in the amount of resources.

关键词： bean weevil Coleoptera egg distribution oviposition Phaseolus vulgaris phenotypic plasticity

comIntraspecific variation in heritable secondary metabolites and defensive strategies in a relict tree

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第2期11卷 256-265页

作者： Adara Pardo Yonatan Cáceres fernando Pulido Institute for Dehesa Research(INDEHESA) University of ExtremaduraPlasenciaSpain

Aims Key herbivory interaction traits such as plant defensive compounds may differ among populations of a single species due to the spatial variation in herbivore feeding guilds and the strength of the ***,the genealogy of population lineages could represent an additional source of variation interacting with the predominant eco-clinal *** tested for the existence of genetically based intraspecific variation in chemical defence profiles across the range of the relict tree Prunus lusitanica ***,we investigated geographical variation in defence inducibility and tested for the exist-ence of a trade-off between qualitative and quantitative *** We conducted a greenhouse experiment where 210 plants were grown under a common environment,comprising 10 different pop-ulations throughout the distribution range of the species and span-ning three separate regions:iberia,Morocco and *** test for the inducibility of defences,we artificially defoliated *** treatments were established within each population:undam-aged,defoliated and sampled after 2 h,and defoliated and sampled after 72 *** concentration of cyanogenic glycosides(prunasin)and phenolics was determined in leaf samples for all *** findings Basal levels of cyanogenics and phenolics significantly differed among populations and regions across the range of ***,with this variation having a heritable ***(pruna-sin)were significantly higher in ancient Macaronesian populations,while phenolic concentrations were larger in *** higher cyanogenic levels found in Macaronesia could be a consequence of the known stronger herbivory pressure in the islands than in iberia or the likely longer coevolutionary history with herbivores in this *** findings indicate that the geographical variation of key ecological traits such plant chemical defences can be imprinted by phylogeographical signals,particularly in relict spe

关键词： herbivory intraspecific variation phylogeography plant defences relict flora