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A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers’ Training Corps physical fitness assessment

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Military Medical Research 2020年第2期7卷 166-173页

作者： Cameron SMackey Jason mde Freitas Applied Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory Oklahoma State University192 CRCStillwaterOK 74078USA

Background:The U.S.Air Force physical fitness assessment(PFA)is used to determine the overall fitness of their personnel.It is currently unknown to what extent the PFA scores of Reserve Officers’Training Corps(ROTC)cadets are affected by mandatory physical training.The purpose of this investigation was to longitudinally examine the PFAs of ROTC cadets over a four-year period,evaluate the results across class ranks,and evaluate the sensitivity of the classification of the tests.Methods:Air Force ROTC cadets performed the PFAs(abdominal circumference,1-min pushups,1-min sit-ups,and a 1.5-mile run)in both the spring(n=26)and fall(n=22)semesters.PFAs were compiled over a four-year period(Spring 2014–Fall 2017)and were performed in accordance with Air Force Instruction 36–2905.A oneway repeated measures ANOVA was performed separately for the fall and spring groups for each dependent variable across the 4 years.Additionally,a one-way between groups ANOVA was performed for each dependent variable during the time point(fall 2015;n=46)with the most recorded cadets for each class rank.Results:Longitudinal assessments revealed a main effect of time(P=0.010)on abdominal circumference;cadets had a smaller abdominal circumference in their freshman year than in their senior year.A main effect of time(P=0.006)was also observed on sit-up quantity;cadets performed more sit-ups in their junior year than in their freshman year.Examining between class ranks during the same year(between-subjects ANOVA)revealed a main effect of class rank on sit-up quantity(P=0.003);the freshmen completed fewer repetitions than the sophomores(P=0.018)and the juniors did(P=0.001).Conclusions:The results indicated that only the sit-up component showed differences between class ranks.These findings suggest that the Air Force PFA may not be sensitive enough to detect changes in physical fitness or distinguish between class ranks regarding physical performance,even after years of training.This limitation may be in part due to the limited duration of trainin

关键词： Class ranks Fitness assessment Military Physical training ROTC

Function of hepatocyte spheroids in bioactive microcapsules is enhanced by endogenous and exogenous hepatocyte growth factor

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第10期28卷 183-195页

作者： Kihak Gwon Daheui Choi Jose mde Hoyos-Vega Harihara Baskaran Alan M.Gonzalez-Suarez Seonhwa Lee Hye Jin Hong Kianna M.Nguyen Ether Dharmesh Go Sugahara Yuji Ishida Takeshi Saito Gulnaz Stybayeva Alexander Revzin Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Biomedical Engineering Saint Louis UniversitySt.LouisMOUSA University of Southern Californi1 Keck School of MedicineDepartment of MedicineDivision of Gastrointestinal and Liver DiseasesLos AngelesCAUSA Research and Development Department PhoenixBioCo.LtdKagamiyam1Higashi-Hiroshim1Hiroshim1Japan USC Research Center for Liver Diseases Los AngelesCAUSA

The ability to maintain functional hepatocytes has important implications for bioartificial liver development,cell-based therapies,drug screening,and tissue engineering.Several approaches can be used to restore hepatocyte function in vitro,including coating a culture substrate with extracellular matrix(ECM),encapsulating cells within biomimetic gels(Collagen-or Matrigel-based),or co-cultivation with other cells.This paper describes the use of bioactive heparin-based core-shell microcapsules to form and cultivate hepatocyte spheroids.These microcapsules are comprised of an aqueous core that facilitates hepatocyte aggregation into spheroids and a heparin hydrogel shell that binds and releases growth factors.We demonstrate that bioactive microcapsules retain and release endogenous signals thus enhancing the function of encapsulated hepatocytes.We also demonstrate that hepatic function may be further enhanced by loading exogenous hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)into microcapsules and inhibiting transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1 signaling.Overall,bioactive microcapsules described here represent a promising new strategy for the encapsulation and maintenance of primary hepatocytes and will be beneficial for liver tissue engineering,regenerative medicine,and drug testing applications.

关键词： Droplet microfluidics Bioactive microcapsules Hepatocyte spheroid Heparin Hepatocyte growth factor

m6A levels and expression of its modification genes show significant differences in breast cancer molecular subtypes

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第5期10卷 1751-1754页

作者： Tamara Kleinbielen Felix Olasagasti Elena Beristain Amparo Viguri-Díaz Isabel Guerra-Merino Africa García-Orad Marian mde Pancorbo BIOMICs Research Group Lascaray Research CenterUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUVitoria-GasteizAraba 01006Spain Bioaraba Health Research Institute Vitoria-GasteizAraba 01009Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of the Basque CountryUPV/EHUVitoria-GasteizAraba 01006Spain Molecular Genetics Laboratory Araba University HospitalOsakidetza Basque Health ServiceVitoria-GasteizAraba 01009Spain Pathology Department Araba University HospitalVitoria-GasteizAraba 01009Spain Department of Genetics Physical Anthropology and Animal PhysiologyUniversity of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaBizkaia 48940Spain BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute BarakaldoBizkaia 48903Spain Department of Zoology and Animal Biology.University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU) LeioaBizkaia 48940Spain

N6-methyladenosine(m6A)is the most abundant modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA.1 This modification is dynamic,reversible,and mediated by proteins characterized as methyltransferases and demethylases.Recent investigations have found that aberrant expression of methyltransferases and demethylases results in m6A dysregulation and,in consequence,affects the biological functions in which this modification is involved.Indeed,m6A dysregulation affects the development and maintenance of various diseases,including cancer.2 For this reason,we explored the potential role that m6A modification has in invasive breast cancer of no special type(IBC-NST)and its molecular subtypes luminal A,luminal B HER2-,luminal B HER2+,HER2+,and triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)whose degree of global m6A methylation has not yet been studied.

关键词： breast cancer HER2

Removal and desorption of chromium in synthetic effluent by a mixed culture in a bioreactor with a magnetic field

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第5期32卷 151-159页

作者： Roseli MDias Jessica GSilva Vicelma LCardoso Miriam mde Resende Faculty of Civil Engineering Federal University of UberlandiaMinas GeraisBrazil Faculty of Chemical Engineering Federal University of UberlandiaMinas GeraisBrazil

Two chromium removal experiments were performed in bioreactors with and without a magnetic field under the same conditions.The release of the chromium present in the biomass was tested in two experiments one with the initial pH of the medium and one with pH 4.0.The objective was to remove Cr(Ⅵ)and total Cr from the effluent,this was carried out by placing biological treatments of synthetic effluent contaminated with 100 mg/L of Cr(Ⅵ)in a bioreactor with neodymium magnets that applied a magnetic field(intensity85.4 mT)to the mixed culture.The removal of Cr(Ⅵ)was approximately 100.0%for the bioreactor with a magnetic field and 93,3%for the bioreactor without a magnetic field for9 hr of recirculation of the synthetic effluent by the bioreactor.The removal of total Cr was61.6%and 48.4%,with and without a magnetic field,respectively;for 24 hr.The desorption of Cr(VI)in the synthetic effluent was 0.05 mg/L,which is below the limit established by Brazilian legislation(0.1 mg/L)for the discharge of effluent containing Cr(Ⅵ)into bodies of water.The results obtained for the removal of chromium in synthetic effluent suggested that there was no significant influence on the viable cell count of the mixed culture.The desorption of Cr(Ⅵ)in synthetic effluent after bioadsorption of chromium by the mixed culture in the process of removal of chromium in bioreactors with and without a magnetic field was not significant in either of the experiments with different initial pHs.

关键词： Chromium removal Mixed culture Magnetic field Desorption Effluent treatment

Contribution of inrush current to mechanical failure of power transformers windings

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High Voltage 2019年第4期4卷 300-307页

作者： Rafael M.R.Barros Edson Gda Costa Jalberth F.Araujo Filipe L.mde Andrade Tarso V.Ferreira Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Campina GrandeAprigio Veloso St.882Campina GrandeBrazil

This work presents a study regarding the contribution of inrush current to the occurrence of mechanical fatigue in windings of a power transformer and,consequently,the impact of that phenomenon on the equipment's lifetime.In order to perform the study,electromagnetic transient simulations were used to determine the inrush current in a three-phase transformer model.Then,three-dimensional simulations,based on the finite element method,were performed to determine the electromechanical stresses in the equipment windings,under the effect of the inrush current.Next,the methods of critical plans and Palmgren–Miner were applied to perform the fatigue study.From the results,the impact of inrush current on the integrity of the transformer's windings was determined,as well as,to estimate the reduction of lifespan of the equipment due to inrush occurrence.The number of inrushes needed for the total reduction of lifespan of the equipment due to mechanical fatigue was also determined.The results can be used in the transformers design stage,with the purpose of assisting the evaluation of mechanical withstand of equipment,which can minimise the possibility of failure and increase its lifespan.

关键词： winding fatigue power

Factors associated with mobile phone ownership and potential use for rabies vaccination campaigns in southern Malawi

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 136-137页

作者： Orla Marron Gareth Thomas Jordana LBurdon Bailey Dagmar Mayer Paul OGrossman Frederic Lohr Andy DGibson Luke Gamble Patrick Chikungwa Julius Chulu Ian GHandel Barend mde C Bronsvoort Richard JMellanby Stella Mazeri 不详 The Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary Studies Division of Veterinary Clinical StudiesThe University of EdinburghHospital for Small AnimalsEaster Bush Veterinary CentreRoslinMidlothianUK

Background:Rabies is a fatal but preventable viral disease,which causes an estimated 59000 human deaths globally every year.The vast majority of human rabies cases are attributable to bites from infected domestic dogs and consequently control of rabies in the dog population through mass vaccination campaigns is considered the most effective method of eliminating the disease.Achieving the WHO target of 70%vaccination coverage has proven challenging in low-resource settings such as Sub Saharan Africa,and lack of public awareness about rabies vaccination campaigns is a major barrier to their success.In this study we surveyed communities in three districts in Southern Malawi to assess the extent of and socio-economic factors associated with mobile phone ownership and explore the attitudes of communities towards the use of short message service(SMS)to inform them of upcoming rabies vaccination clinics.Methods:This study was carried out between 1 October–3 December 2018 during the post-vaccination assessment of the annual dog rabies campaign in Blantyre,Zomba and Chiradzulu districts,Malawi.1882 questionnaires were administered to households in 90 vaccination zones.The surveys gathered data on mobile phone ownership and use,and barriers to mobile phone access.A multivariable regression model was used to understand factors related to mobile phone ownership.Results:Most survey respondents owned or had use of a mobile phone,however there was evidence of an inequality of access,with higher education level,living in Blantyre district and being male positively associated with mobile phone ownership.The principal barrier to mobile phone ownership was the cost of the phone itself.Basic feature phones were most common and few owned smartphones.SMS was commonly used and the main reason for not using SMS was illiteracy.Attitudes to receiving SMS reminders about future rabies vaccination campaigns were positive.Conclusions:The study showed a majority of those surveyed have the use of a mobile phone and most mobile phone owners ind

关键词： Rabies Mass vaccination mHealth Short message service

Wnt genes in colonic polyposis predisposition

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 753-757页

作者： Isabel Quintana Mariona Terradas Pilar Mur Iris B.A.Wte Paske Sophia Peters Isabel Spier Verena Steinke-Lange Claudia Maestro David Torrents Montserrat Puiggròs Romina Royo Raul Tonda Genís Parra Davide Piscia Sergi Beltrán Matilde Navarro Virginia Piñol Joan Brunet Noemi Gonzalez-Abuin Gemma Aiza Anna Sommer Yasmijn van Herwaarden Galuh Astuti Elke Holinski-Feder Nicoline Hoogerbrugge Richarda mde Voer Stefan Aretz Gabriel Capellá Laura Valle Hereditary Cancer Program Catalan Institute of OncologyOncobell ProgramIDIBELLHospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer(CIBERONC) Madrid 28029Spain Department of Human Genetics Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterGA Nijmegen 6525the Netherlands Member of SOLVE-RD ERN-GENTURIS Institute of Human Genetics Medical FacultyUniversity of BonnBonn 53127Germany National Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes University Hospital BonnBonn 53127Germany Medizinische Klinik Und Poliklinik IV Campus InnenstadtKlinikum Der Universität MünchenMunich 80336Germany MGZ-Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum Munich 80335Germany Life Sciences Department Barcelona Supercomputing Center(BSC)Barcelona 08034Spain ICREA Barcelona 08010Spain CNAG-CRG Centre for Genomic Regulation(CRG)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelona 08028Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra(UPF) Barcelona 08002Spain Department of Genetics Microbiology and StatisticsSchool of BiologyUniversitat de Barcelona(UB)Barcelona 08028Spain Gastroenterology Unit Hospital Universitario de Girona Dr Josep TruetaGirona 17007Spain Catalan Institute of Oncology IDIBGiGirona 17007Spain Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical CenterGA Nijmegen 6525the Netherlands Department of Human Genetics Radboud University Medical CenterGA Nijmegen 6525the Netherlands

Much of the genetic predisposition to polyposis,and particularly to serrated polyposis(SP),remains unknown.Only germline pathogenic variants in RNF43,a tumor suppressor that exerts negative feedback in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,have been causally linked to some SP cases(<2%),a disease associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer(CRC).^(1) Most known hereditary CRC and polyposis genes affect DNA repair,BMP/TGF-β,or Wnt signaling,being the latter associated with adenomatous and serrated polyposis phenotypes.2 Based on this observation,we evaluated the presence and role of germline variants in those pathways in unsolved polyposis patients.

关键词： polyposis suppressor colorectal

It's all about timing, early treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy and corticosteroids is essential in acute acoustic trauma

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Journal of Otology 2021年第4期16卷 237-241页

作者： A.B.Bayoumy R.P.Weenink E.Lvan der Veen F.S.Besseling-Hansen A.D.M.Hoedemaeker F.J.mde Jong M.Hvan der Laan R.Swenker R.Avan Hulst J.Ade Ru Department of Otolaryngology Central Military HospitalMinistry of DefenseUtrechtthe Netherlands Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Hyperbaric Medicine Amsterdam University Medical CentersLocation AMCAmsterdamthe Netherlands Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands Diving Medical Centre Royal Netherlands NavyMinistry of DefenseDen Helderthe Netherlands

Background: Acute acoustic trauma (AAT) is an acute hearing impairment caused by intense noiseimpact. The current management strategy for AAT with substantial hearing loss in the Dutch militaryis the combination therapy with corticosteroids and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). In a previousstudy, early initiation of the combination therapy was associated with better outcomes. Therefore, weperformed a new analysis to assess the difference in hearing outcome between patients in whomcombination therapy was started within two days, versus after more than two days.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on military patients diagnosed with AAT with substantial hearing loss who presented between February 2018 and March 2020. Absolute and relativehearing improvement between first and last audiograms were calculated for all affected frequencies(defined as loss of 20 dB on initial audiogram). We also determined the amount of patients whorecovered to the level of Dutch military requirement, and performed speech discrimination tests.Results: In this analysis, 30 male patients (49 ears) with AAT were included. The median age was 24.5years (IQR 23e29). The median time to initiation of therapy with corticosteroids and HBOT were one andtwo days, respectively. HBOT was started within two days in 31 ears, and after more than two days in 18ears. The mean absolute and relative hearing gains were 18.8 dB (SD 14.6) and 46.8% (SD 31.3) on allaffected frequencies. The 100% discrimination/speech perception level improved from 64.0 dB to 51.7 dB(gain 12.3 dB ± 14.1). There was significantly more improvement in absolute and relative hearingimprovement when HBOT was started in 2 days, compared to >2 days.Conclusion: Our analysis shows results in favor of early initiation ( 2 days) of the combination treatmentof HBOT and corticosteroids in patients with AAT.

关键词： Hyperbaric oxygen therapy Acute acoustic trauma Hearing loss Corticosteroids Blast injury Noise-induced hearing loss

Prediction of Concentration of Animal Fat in Mixture with Vegetable Oil by Multivariate Calibration Associated with Spectrofluorimetry

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第2期4卷 99-103页

作者： Marilena Meira Cristina M.Quintella Erika mde O.Ribeiro Alexandre K.Guimaraes Mariana Andrade Santos Gabriela Silva Cerqueira Alexandre Lopes Del Cid Saionara Luna Weidson Leal Silva Instituto de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia da BahiaCampus de Simoes FilhoSimoes FilhoBrasil Instituto de Química Universidade Federal da BahiaCampus de OndinaSalvadorBrasil

Total spectrofluorimetry associated with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to discriminate samples of vegetable oil and animal fat. In addition, a multivariate calibration model was developed that combines spectroflurimetry with Partial Least Squares (PLS) for prediction of concentration of animal fat in mixture with vegetable oil. The multivariate calibration model had an R2 value of 0.98098, which indicates the accuracy of the model. This method has potential application in the control of quality of raw material for production of biodiesel. The control of the concentration of animal fat is important because animal fat is more susceptible to oxidation than vegetable oil. Furthermore, high concentrations of animal fats may increase electricity costs for biodiesel production due to the high melting points of saturated fats that solidify at room temperature and cause the fouling and clogging of pipes.

关键词： Biodiesel Vegetable Oil Animal Fat Spectrofluorimetry PLS