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Boosting hydrogen and chemicals production through ethanol electro-reforming on Pt-transition metal anodes

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 394-406,I0011页

作者： Alberto Rodríguez-Gómez fernando dorado Paula Sánchez Ana Raquel de la Osa Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Chemical Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha

The aim of this work is to boost the combined hydrogen and added-values compounds generation(acetaldehyde, acetic acid and ethyl acetate) through ethanol electrochemical reforming using bimetallic anodes. In particular, the influence of the secondary metal on the electrochemical performance as well as on the product distribution was studied. For that purpose, Pt X/C electrocatalysts(where X corresponds to Cu, Co, Ni and Ru) were synthesized by the modified polyol method and tested in both half-cell and proton exchange membrane(PEM) cell configurations. Characterization results showed that incorporation of Ni and Co into the Pt matrix enhances the morphological properties of the material, providing smaller crystallite sizes, higher active surface areas and hence, better dispersion when comparing to Ru and Cu-based electrocatalysts. Ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR) was evaluated by cyclic, linear voltammetry and chronopotentiometry assays. Pt Co/C and Pt Ni/C exhibited the highest electrocatalytic activity at high polarization levels, which translate into an improvement of more than 30%(up to 1050 m A cm^(-2)) in the hydrogen production and chemical yields. On the other hand, Pt Ru/C results more advantageous for a lower potential interval(<0.85 V) promoting the acetic acid production despite sacrificing ethanol conversion. Pt Cu/C presented the lowest results in both electrochemical performance and product distribution. Such differences in the electrochemical performance can be rationalized in terms of the synergistic effect between both metals(particle size distribution, grade of dispersion and hydrophilic behavior), which demonstrate that the incorporation of a different secondary metal plays an essential role in the EOR development.

关键词： Ethanol electrochemical reforming Bimetallic anodic electrocatalysts PEM cell High current performance Hydrogen Chemicals production

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Influence of Pt/Ru anodic ratio on the valorization of ethanol by PEM electrocatalytic reforming towards value-added products

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第5期30卷 264-275页

作者： Alberto Rodriguez-Gomez fernando dorado Antonio de Lucas-Consuegra Ana Raquel de la Osa Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Chemical Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Castilla-La Mancha13071 Ciudad RealSpain

The ethanol electro-reforming process was studied over PtRu/C catalysts synthesized by the modified polyol method with different *** particular,this work reports the influence of anodic Pt:Ru ratio(5:1,2:1 and 1:2)on the organic product distribution(acetaldehyde,acetic acid and ethyl acetate)and pure hydrogen generation at different current densities operation *** characterization of the catalysts was made by X-ray diffraction(XRD),temperature-programmed reduction(TPR)and N_(2) adsorption-desorption *** patterns showed that Ru is introduced into the Pt structure,forming an alloy between both ***,the degree of alloy was higher by increasing the Ru *** TPR profiles Pt was found to be properly reduced while Ru was both in metallic state and forming *** electrochemical behaviour of each catalyst towards ethanol electroreforming process was investigated through electrochemical techniques in a half cell and a single proton exchange membrane(PEM)cell *** intermediate Pt:Ru ratio was found to result in high current density and electrochemical surface area(ECSA)values along with lower amounts of adsorbed ***,Ru addition seems to diminish the degree of degradation of the *** on characterization and in agreement with essays carried out in a PEM cell at mild conditions(80℃ and 1 atm),PtRu/C 2:1 anode provided the best electrocatalytic results in terms of current density(740 mA cm^(-2)),hydrogen production and selectivity toward acetic acid(up to 15%apart from acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate)while requiring the lowest energy consumption.

关键词： Ethanol electro-reforming PEM cell Pt:Ru anodic ratio Hydrogen production Value-added liquid product distribution

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Modelling fuel loads of understorey vegetation and forest floor components in pine stands in NW Spain

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 775-789页

作者： Jose A.Vega Stefano Arellano-Perez Juan Gabriel Alvarez-Gonzalez Cristina Fernandez Enrique Jimenez Pedro Cuinas Jose María Fernandez-Alonso Daniel J.Vega-Nieva fernando Castedo-dorado Cecilia Alonso-Rego Teresa Fontúrbel Ana Daría Ruiz-Gonzalez Centro de Investigacion Forestal de Lourizan PO Box 12736080PontevedraSpain Unidad de Gestion Ambiental y Forestal Sostenible(UXAFORES) Departamento de Ingeniería AgroforestalEscuela Politecnica Superior de IngenieríaUniversidad de Santiago de CompostelaCampus Universitario s/n27002LugoSpain Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Blvd.Durango s/nCol.Valle del Sur34120DurangoMexico Departamento de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de LeonCampus de Ponferrada24401PonferradaSpain

In this study,310 destructively sampled plots were used to develop two equation systems for the three main pine species in NW Spain(***;*** and ***):one for estimating loads of understorey fuel components by size and condition(live and dead)and another one for forest floor *** systems of equations were simultaneously fitted for estimating fuel loads using overstorey,understorey and forest floor variables as *** systems of equations included both the effect of pine species and the effect of understorey compositions dominated by ferns-brambles or by woody species,due to their obvious structural and physiological *** general,the goodness-of-fit statistics indicated that the estimates were reasonably robust and accurate for all of the fuel *** best results were obtained for total understorey vegetation,total forest floor and raw humus fuel loads,with more than 76%of the observed variability explained,whereas the poorest results were obtained for coarse fuel loads of understory vegetation with a 53%of observed variability *** reduce the overall costs associated with the field inventories necessary for operational use of the models,the additive systems were fitted again using only overstorey variables as potential *** relationships for fine(<6 mm)and total understorey vegetation and total forest floor fuel loads were obtained,indicating the complexity of the forest overstorey-understorey and overstorey-forest floor ***,these models explained around 52%of the observed ***,equations estimating the total understorey vegetation and the total forest floor fuel loads based only on canopy cover were *** models explained only 26%-32%of the observed variability;however,their main advantage is that although understorey vegetation in forested landscapes is largely invisible to remote sensing,canopy cover can be estimated with moderate accuracy,allowin

关键词： Area-based approach Additive equation systems Live and dead fine fuel Pinus pinaster Pinus radiata Pinus sylvestris

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From contraction to gene expression:nanojunctions of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum deliver site-and function-specific calcium signals

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第8期59卷 749-763页

作者： A.Mark Evans Nicola Fameli Oluseye A.Ogunbayo Jingxian Duan Jorge Navarro-dorado Centre for Integrative Physiology College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineHugh Robson BuildingUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH8 9XDUK Institute of Biophysics Medical University of GrazGraz 8010Austria

Calcium signals determine, for example, smooth muscle contraction and changes in gene expression. How calcium signals select for these processes is enigmatic. We build on the "panjunctional sarcoplasmic reticulum" hypothesis, describing our view that different calcium pumps and release channels, with different kinetics and affinities for calcium, are strategically positioned within nanojunctions of the SR and help demarcate their respective cytoplasmic nanodomains. SERCA2 b and Ry R1 are preferentially targeted to the sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR) proximal to the plasma membrane(PM), i.e., to the superficial buffer barrier formed by PM-SR nanojunctions, and support vasodilation. In marked contrast, SERCA2 a may be entirely restricted to the deep, perinuclear SR and may supply calcium to this sub-compartment in support of vasoconstriction. Ry R3 is also preferentially targeted to the perinuclear SR, where its clusters associate with lysosome-SR nanojunctions. The distribution of Ry R2 is more widespread and extends from this region to the wider cell. Therefore, perinuclear Ry R3 s most likely support the initiation of global calcium waves at L-SR junctions, which subsequently propagate by calcium-induced calcium release via Ry R2 in order to elicit contraction. Data also suggest that unique SERCA and Ry R are preferentially targeted to invaginations of the nuclear membrane. Site- and function-specific calcium signals may thus arise to modulate stimulus-response coupling and transcriptional cascades.

关键词： calcium nanojunction ryanodine receptor sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase smooth muscle gene expression contraction

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Influence of olive oil and its components on mesenchymal stem cell biology

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第12期11卷 1045-1064页

作者： Antonio Casado-Díaz Gabriel dorado Jose Manuel Quesada-Gómez CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable(CIBERFES) Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba(IMIBIC)Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdoba 14004Spain Departement Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario(ceiA3)Universidad de CórdobaCIBERFESCórdoba 14071Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable(CIBERFES)Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba(IMIBIC)Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdoba 14004Spain

Extra virgin olive oil is characterized by its high content of unsaturated fatty acid residues in triglycerides,mainly oleic acid,and the presence of bioactive and antioxidant *** consumption is associated with lower risk of suffering chronic diseases and unwanted processes linked to aging,due to the antioxidant capacity and capability of its components to modulate cellular signaling *** of olive oil can alter the physiology of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).This may explain part of the healthy effects of olive oil consumption,such as prevention of unwanted aging *** date,there are no specific studies on the action of olive oil on MSCs,but effects of many components of such food on cell viability and differentiation have been *** objective of this article is to review existing literature on how different compounds of extra virgin olive oil,including residues of fatty acids,vitamins,squalene,triterpenes,pigments and phenols,affect MSC maintenance and differentiation,in order to provide a better understanding of the healthy effects of this ***,most studies have shown a positive effect of these compounds on *** collective findings support the hypothesis that at least part of the beneficial effects of extra virgin olive oil consumption on health may be mediated by its effects on MSCs.

关键词： Olive oil Mesenchymal stem cells Cellular differentiation Aging Cellular niche Mediterranean diet

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New approach to assess sperm DNA fragmentation dynamics： Fine-tuning mathematical models

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 592-600页

作者： Isabel Ortiz Jesus dorado Jane Morrell Jaime Gosalvez Francisco Crespo Juan M.Jimenez Manuel Hidalgo Veterinary Reproduction Group Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Cordoba 14071 Cordoba Spain Department of Clinical Sciences Division of Reproduction Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7054 SE-75007 Uppsala Sweden Department of Biology Universidad Aut6noma de Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain Department of Reproduction Centro Militar de Cria Caballar (FESCCR-Ministry of Defense) 05005 Avila Spain Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials University of Salzburg Hellbrunner StraBe 34/111 A-5020 Salzburg Austria

Background： Sperm DNA fragmentation（sDF） has been proved to be an important parameter in order to predict in vitro the potential fertility of a semen sample. Colloid centrifugation could be a suitable technique to select those donkey sperm more resistant to DNA fragmentation after thawing. Previous studies have shown that to elucidate the latent damage of the DNA molecule, sDF should be assessed dynamically, where the rate of fragmentation between treatments indicates how resistant the DNA is to iatrogenic damage. The rate of fragmentation is calculated using the slope of a linear regression equation. However, it has not been studied if s DF dynamics fit this model. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of different after-thawing centrifugation protocols on sperm DNA fragmentation and elucidate the most accurate mathematical model（linear regression, exponential or polynomial） for DNA fragmentation over time in frozen-thawed donkey ***： After submitting post-thaw semen samples to no centrifugation（UDC）, sperm washing（SW） or single layer centrifugation（SLC） protocols, sD F values after 6 h of incubation were significantly lower in SLC samples than in SW or *** of determination（R-2） values were significantly higher for a second order polynomial model than for linear or exponential. The highest values for acceleration of fragmentation（aSDF） were obtained for SW, fol owed by SLC and ***： SLC after thawing seems to preserve longer DNA longevity in comparison to UDC and SW. Moreover,the fine-tuning of models has shown that sDF dynamics in frozen-thawed donkey semen fit a second order polynomial model, which implies that fragmentation rate is not constant and fragmentation acceleration must be taken into account to elucidate hidden damage in the DNA molecule.

关键词： Colloid centrifugation Dynamics Fine-tuning Mathematical models Sperm DNA fragmentation

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Molecular Beam Depletion: A New Approach

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Journal of Modern Physics 2014年第12期5卷 1139-1145页

作者： Manuel dorado CIRTA Rotation and Torque Research Center Theoretical Group Madrid Spain

During the last years some interesting experimental results have been reported for experiments in N2O, NO, NO dimer, H2, Toluene and BaFCH3 cluster. The main result consists in the observation of molecular beam depletion when the molecules of a pulsed beam interact with a static electric or magnetic field and an oscillating field (RF). In these cases, and as a main difference, instead of using four fields as in the original technique developed by I.I. Rabi and others, only two fields, those which configure the resonant unit, are used. That is, without using the nonhomogeneous magnetic fields. The depletion explanation for I.I. Rabi and others is based in the interaction between the molecular electric or magnetic dipole moment and the non-homogeneous fields. But, obviously, the change in the molecules trajectories observed on these new experiments has to be explained without considering the force provided by the field gradient because it happens without using non-homogeneous fields. In this paper a theoretical way for the explanation of these new experimental results is presented. One important point emerges as a result of this development, namely, the existence of an, until now unknown, spin-dependent force which would be responsible of the aforementioned deviation of the molecules.

关键词： Molecular Beam Magnetic Resonance Molecular Beam Depletion Larmor Precession Helicity

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Role of hypoxia preconditioning in therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem-cell-derived extracellular vesicles

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第7期14卷 453-472页

作者： Victoria Pulido-Escribano Bárbara Torrecillas-Baena Marta Camacho-Cardenosa Gabriel dorado MaríaÁngeles Gálvez-Moreno Antonio Casado-Díaz Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición-GC17 Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de CórdobaHospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdoba 14004Spain Dep.Bioquímica y Biología Molecular Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario(ceiA3)Universidad de CórdobaCIBERFESCórdoba 14071Spain

The use of mesenchymal stem-cells(MSC)in cell therapy has received considerable attention because of their *** properties include high expansion and differentiation in vitro,low immunogenicity,and modulation of biological processes,such as inflammation,angiogenesis and ***,the regenerative effect of MSC is partly due to their paracrine *** has prompted numerous studies,to investigate the therapeutic potential of their secretome in general,and specifically their extracellular vesicles(EV).The latter contain proteins,lipids,nucleic acids,and other metabolites,which can cause physiological changes when released into recipient ***,contents of EV can be modulated by preconditioning MSC under different culture *** them,exposure to hypoxia stands out;these cells respond by activating hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)at low O_(2) *** has direct and indirect pleiotropic effects,modulating expression of hundreds of genes involved in processes such as inflammation,migration,proliferation,differentiation,angiogenesis,metabolism,and cell *** of these genes is reflected in the contents of secreted ***,numerous studies show that MSC-derived EV conditioned under hypoxia have a higher regenerative capacity than those obtained under *** this review,we show the implications of hypoxia responses in relation to tissue *** addition,hypoxia preconditioning of MSC is being evaluated as a very attractive strategy for isolation of EV,with a high potential for clinical use in regenerative medicine that can be applied to different pathologies.

关键词： Cell priming Extracellular vesicles Hypoxia Hypoxia-inducible factor Mesenchymal stemcells Regenerative medicine

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投毒!喷火!吱吱吱!——涂装新版斯卡文鼠人武器组

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模型世界 2010年第11期 76-81页

作者： EL dorado

花费较少分数带上武器组,用盖板高效率地打击敌人的大方阵。但是玩战锤的玩家除了要有配合合理的军备表,更需要"骰神"相助,尤其是斯卡文鼠人的各类"高科技"武器,投骰失败可是要承受可怕惩罚的,比如武器小组在自己的方阵中爆炸……

关键词：火焰喷射器

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Relationship between CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 genotypes and diclofenac metabolism in Spanish healthy volunteers.

Relationship between CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 genotypes and diclofe...

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第十五届国际药理学大会

作者： dorado P Cavaco I Caceres MC Redade R Ribeiro V LLerenaA. Department of Pharmacology and Psychiatry University of Extremaduraand CICAB-FundesaludBadajozSpain. Centre of Molecular and Structural Biomedicine University of AlgarveFaroPortugal. Department of Pharmacology and Psychiatry University of Extremaduraand CICAB-FundesaludBadajozSpain. Centre of Molecular and Structural Biomedicine University of AlgarveFaroPortugal. Centre of Molecular and Structural Biomedicine University of AlgarveFaroPortugal. Department of Pharmacology and Psychiatry University of Extremaduraand CICAB-FundesaludBadajozSpain.

＜正＞ CYP2C8 seems to be involved in diclofenac 5 - hydroxylation, while the 4’ -hydroxylation and 3’ - hydroxylation seems to be mediated mainly by CYP2C9 （1） in vitro. We have demonstrated the relevance of CYP2 C9 genotypes for diclofenac 4’ - hydroxylation in healthy volunteers （2）. The aims of this study were to analyze the role of both CYP2 C8 and CYP2 C9 genotypes on the diclofenac metabolism To determine the allelic frequencies of CYP2 C8 alleles and its relationship with CYP2C9 variants was also aimed. A group of 142 （72males/70females） white Spanish healthy volunteers were studied. CYP2C8 and CYP2 C9 genotypes were determined by allele - specific PCR - RFLP methods （2,3）. The urinary concentrations of diclofenac and its main metabolites were analysed using a HPLC - UV method （4） after the administration of a single oral dose of 50 mg diclofenac （8 hours） as previously described in part of the population studied in here （2）. The results showed that the urinary concentration ratio diclofenac/5 - hydroxydiclofenac was higher in individuals carrying CYP2 C8 * 3 or CYP2 C8 * 4 allele than in subjects homozygous for wild - type allele CYP2 C8 * 1 （p ＜ 0.05）. Moreover, approximately 93% of the subjects with a CYP2C8 * 3 allele also carried a CYP2C9 * 2 and 80% of the subjects that had CYP2 C9 * 2 variant also carried a CYP2 C8 * 3. In addition, the four individuals CYP2 C9*2/*2 were CYP2 C8 * 3/ * 3. In conclusion, this is the first study showing the influence of CYP2 C8 genotypes on diclofenac metabolism in healthy volunteers. The linkage disequilibrium between CYP2 C8 * 3 and CYP2 C9 * 2 alleles was also confirmed in the Spanish population.

关键词： CYP2C8 CYP2C9 diclofenac linkage disequilibrium healthy volunteers.

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