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Gut microbiota in preterm infants receiving breast milk or mixed feeding

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 135-145页

作者： Sandra Gabriela Sánchez-González Bárbara Gabriela Cárdenas-del-Castillo Elvira Garza-González Gerardo R Padilla-Rivas Isaías Rodríguez-Balderrama Consuelo Treviño-Garza fernando Félix Montes-Tapia Gerardo C Palacios-Saucedo Anthony Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Manuel Enrique de-la-O-Cavazos Department of Pediatrics Hospital Universitario“Dr.JoséEleuterio González”Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico Department of Pediatric Surgery Hospital Universitario"Dr.JoséEleuterio González"Monterrey 64460Nuevo LeónMéxico

BACKGROUND Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in newborns,with very-low-birthweight infants usually experiencing several *** milk is considered the gold standard of nutrition,especially for preterm infants with delayed gut colonization,because it contains beneficial microorganisms,such as Lactobacilli and *** To analyze the gut microbiota of breastfed preterm infants with a birth weight of 1500 g or *** An observational study was performed on preterm infants with up to 36.6 wk of gestation and a birth weight of 1500 g or less,born at the University Hospital ***éEleuterio González at Monterrey,Mexico.A total of 40 preterm neonates were classified into breast milk feeding(BM)and mixed feeding(MF)groups(21 in the BM group and 19 in the MF group),from October 2017 to June *** samples were collected before they were introduced to any feeding *** full enteral feeding was achieved,the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene *** variables were compared using Student’s t-test or using the Mann–Whitney U test for nonparametric ***,evenness,equitability,Margalef’s index,Fisher’s alpha,Chao-1 index,and Shannon’s diversity index were also *** No significant differences were observed at the genus level between the *** comparison indicated higher counts of Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the initial compared to the final sample of the BM group(P<0.011).In addition,higher counts of Gammaproteobacteria were detected in the final than in the initial sample(P=0.040).According to the Margalef index,Fisher’s alpha,and Chao-1 index,a decrease in species richness from the initial to the final sample,regardless of the feeding type,was observed(P<0.050).The four predominant phyla were Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria,with Proteobacteria being the most ***,no significant differences were

关键词： Gut microbiota Human milk Preterm infant Proteobacteria Very low birth weight 16S rRNA

Self-transforming stainless-steel into the next generation anode material for lithium ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 432-441,I0012页

作者： Nimrod Harpak Guy Davidi fernando Patolsky School of Chemistry Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Materials Science and Engineering the Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv University.Tel Aviv 69978Israel

Here,an extremely cost-effective and simple method is proposed in order to morphologically selftransform stain less steel from a completely inactive material to a fully operati onal,nanowire-structured,3D anode material for lithium ion *** reagentless process of a single heating step of the plain stainless steel in a partially reduci ng atmosphere,converts the stain less steel into an active anode via metal-selective oxidation,creating vast spinel-structured nanowires directly from the electrochemically in active *** simple process allows the complete utilizati on of the 3D mesh structure as the electrochemically-active spinel nanowires greatly enhance the active surface *** novel material and architecture exhibits high capacities(-1000 mAh/g after-400 cycles),long cycle life(>1100 cycles)and fast rate performance(>2C).Simple modulation of the substrate can result in very high areal and volumetric ***,areal capacities greater than 10 mAh/cm^(2) and volumetric capacities greater than 1400 mAh/cm^(3) can be *** the proposed method,the potential reduction in cost from the use of battery-grade graphite is at least an order of magnitude,with considerable better results achieved in terms of capacity and intrinsic structural benefits of the substrate,which include direct contact of the active material with the current collector,lack of delamination and binder-free *** work provides a new paradigm and a key step in the long route to replace the commercial graphite anode as the next-geneation anode material.

关键词： Stainless steel Anode material Transition metal oxide Energy storage MnCr_(2)O_(4) Lithium ion batteries

Academic Stress Assessment Using Virtual Reality as an Educational Tool in Spine Surgery

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 114-123页

作者： Diana Chávez Lizárraga Jesús Alberto Pérez Contreras fernando Alvarado Gómez Evelyn Quintero Medina Emmanuel Cantú Chávez Iván Ulises Sámano López Ana Sofía Peña Blesa Department of Neurosurgery ángeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics Hospital Santa Fe Bogotá Colombia

Introduction: The evaluation of academic stress in medical students and residents is a topic of significant interest, given the considerable challenges they face during their learning process with traditional teaching methods. The use of technologies like virtual reality presents an opportunity to enhance their skills through simulations and training. The main objective of this study is to qualitatively assess the stress levels experienced by medical students and residents by integrating virtual reality into their current learning methods, aiming to improve their ability to manage stressors in their practice. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was conducted with 12 medical students and 12 Traumatology and orthopedics residents. The purpose of the questionnaire was to evaluate the levels of academic stress using the SISCO inventory. The stress levels were calculated by transforming average values into percentages, and the following criteria were assigned: 0 to 33% for Mild Stress, 34 to 66% for Moderate Stress, and 67 to 100% for Deep Stress. Then, a virtual reality class focused on spine surgery was provided. Both medical students and residents were trained using the Non Nocere SharpSurgeon software platform and Oculus Quest 2 virtual reality glasses. At the end of the session, a second questionnaire related to the practice with virtual reality was conducted with the same evaluation criteria and a comparative analysis was carried out. Results: 12 undergraduate students from Hospital Angeles Mexico, CDMX and 12 traumatology and orthopedics residents at Hospital Santa Fe, Bogota were evaluated. The students in CDMX reported an average qualitative stress of 28.50% during habitual practices, which decreased to an average of 14.67% after virtual reality practice. Residents in Bogotá experienced an average qualitative stress of 30.50% with their current learning methods but this reduced to an average of 13.92% after using virtual reality. These findings indicate that t

关键词： Virtual Reality Academic Stress Learning Strategies Spine Surgery Training

Performance Comparison of Field-oriented Control,Direct Torque Control,and Model-predictive Control for SynRMs

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 24-37页

作者： Hazem Hadla fernando Santos Polytechnic Institute of Viseu Higher School of Technology and Management of LamegoLamego 5100-074Portugal

Simulation studies of three synchronous reluctance motor(SynRM)control strategies are presented:field-oriented control(FOC),direct torque control(DTC),and finite-set model-predictive control(FS-MPC).FOC uses linear controllers and pulse-width modulation to control the fundamental components of the load voltages *** contrast,DTC and FS-MPC are nonlinear strategies wherein the voltage vectors are directly generated in the absence of a *** operating principles and control structures of these control strategies are ***,a comparative analysis of the static and dynamic performance of the control strategies is conducted using Matlab/Simulink to identify their advantages and *** is confirmed that each of the control strategies has merits and that all three of them satisfy the requirements of modern high-performance drives.

关键词： Field-oriented control direct torque control model-predictive control synchronous reluctance motor

Complexity of adaptive testing in scenarios defined extensionally

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第3期17卷 11-28页

作者： Ismael RODRÍGUEZ David RUBIO fernando RUBIO Dpto.Sistemas Informáticos y Computación Facultad de InformáticaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain Instituto de Tecnologías del Conocimiento Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia.Universitat Politècnica de València València 46022Spain

In this paper,we consider a testing setting where the set of possible definitions of the Implementation Under Test(IUT),as well as the behavior of each of these definitions in all possible interactions,are extensionally defined,i.e.,on an element-by-element and case-by-case *** this setting,the problem of finding the minimum testing strategy such that collected observations will necessarily let us decide whether the IUT is correct or not(i.e.,whether it necessarily belongs to the set of possible correct definitions or not)is studied in four possible problem variants:with or without non-determinism;and with or without more than one possible definition in the sets of possible correct and incorrect *** computational complexity of these variants is studied,and properties such as PSPACE-completeness and Log-APX-hardness are identified.

关键词： formal testing adaptive testing computational complexity PSPACE-completeness approximation hardness

Hepatotoxicity Induced by Biological Agents: Clinical Features and Current Controversies

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第3期10卷 486-495页

作者： Nelia Hernandez fernando Bessone Hospital de Clinicas Universidad de la RepublicaMontevideoUruguay Hospital Provincial del Centenario University of Rosario School of MedicineRosarioArgentina

Novel biological agents including cytokines and recombinant fusion proteins are increasingly prescribed for cancer,rheumatologic,autoimmune,and inflammatory diseases,and are currently being evaluated in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).They are classified by their mechanism of action and include tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)antagonists,T cell mediated antitumor inhibitors,interleukin receptor antagonists,and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).Some ICIs cause frequent hepatotoxicity with a variable clinical,biochemical,and serological presentation,especially in patients receiving another immunomodulatory *** of the cases of liver damage induced by biological agents spontaneously regress after drug withdrawal,but the others require steroid ***,there are no widely accepted recommendation for the use of corticosteroids in these patients,even though international cancer societies have their own *** drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis(DIAIH)from classic AIH is challenging for pathologists,but liver biopsy is valuable,particularly in cases with unclear clinical ***,novel histological patterns have been described in liver damage induced by these agents(i.e.,endothelitis,ring granuloma and secundary sclerosing cholangitis associated with lymphocytic infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+T cells).Here,we describe the clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients with hepatotoxicity induced by TNF-αantagonists and *** issues involved in the administration of corticosteroid therapy,and hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation induced by immunosuppressive therapy are also discussed.

关键词： Hepatotoxicity Checkpoint inhibitors Biologics Autoimmune hepatitis Drug-induced liver injury

Response to Commentary by Dr. Matthew J. Clarkson on

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 670-671页

作者： Hugo de Luca Corrêa Lysleine Alves Deus Dahan da Cunha Nascimento Nicholas Rolnick Rodrigo Vanerson Passos Neves Andrea Lucena Reis Thais Branquinho de Araújo Carmen Tzanno-Martins Fernanda Silveira Tavares Luiz Sinésio Silva Neto Cláudio Avelino Rodrigues Santos Paolo Lucas Rodrigues-Silva fernando Honorato Souza Vitória Marra da Motta Vilalva Mestrinho Rafael Lavarini dos Santos Rosangela Vieira Andrade Jonato Prestes Thiago dos Santos Rosa Post-graduate Program of Physical Education Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil The Human Performance Mechanic Lehman CollegeNew YorkNY 10011USA Clinical Group Home Dialysis Center and RenalClass Sao Paulo 01239-040Brazil Department of Medicine Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil Faculty of Medicine Federal University of TocantinsTocantins 77001-090Brazil Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Brasılia 70770-917Brazil g Graduate Program of Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Brasılia 71966-700Brazil

Dear editor:We sincerely thank Matthew *** for his insightful commentary1 on our recent publication in the Journal of Sport and Health Science.2 Clarkson's pioneering work in the development and application of blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise protocols has undeniably laid the groundwork for subsequent investigations in this field,including our own.(3-6)His commentary not only highlights the relevance and timeliness of our study but also offers valuable perspectives on refining safety considerations for intradialytic BFR exercise among hemodialysis patients.

关键词： patients application flow

Visualization of real-time displacement time history superimposed with dynamic experiments using wireless smart sensors and augmented reality

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第3期22卷 573-588页

作者： Marlon Aguero Derek Doyle David Mascarenas fernando Moreu Department of Civil Construction and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of New MexicoCentennial Engineering Center 3056MSC011070210 University Blvd NEAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Air Force Research Laboratory Space Vehicles DirectorateKirtland Air Force BaseAlbuquerqueNM 87117USA Engineering Institute Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 8754USA

Wireless smart sensors(WSS)process field data and inform inspectors about the infrastructure health and *** bridge engineering,inspectors need reliable data about changes in displacements under loads to make correct decisions about repairs and *** to displacement information in the field and in real-time remains a challenge as inspectors do not see the data in real *** data from WSS in the field undergoes additional processing and is seen at a different *** inspectors were able to see structural displacements in real-time at the locations of interest,they could conduct additional observations,creating a new,information-based,decision-making reality in the *** paper develops a new,human-centered interface that provides inspectors with real-time access to actionable structural data during inspection and monitoring enhanced by augmented reality(AR).It summarizes and evaluates the development and validation of the new human-infrastructure interface in laboratory *** experiments demonstrate that the interface that processes all calculations in the AR device accurately estimates dynamic displacements in comparison with the *** this new AR interface tool,inspectors can observe and compare displacement data,share it across space and time,visualize displacements in time history,and understand structural deflection more accurately through a displacement time history visualization.

关键词： wireless smart sensor monitoring augmented reality displacement acceleration human-infrastructure interface

Robust identification of regulatory variants(eQTLs)using a differential expression framework developed for RNA‑sequencing

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 1869-1879页

作者： Mackenzie A.Marrella fernando H.Biase School of Animal Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA

Background A gap currently exists between genetic variants and the underlying cell and tissue biology of a trait,and expression quantitative trait loci(eQTL)studies provide important information to help close that ***,two concerns that arise with eQTL analyses using RNA-sequencing data are normalization of data across samples and the data not following a normal *** pipelines have been suggested to address *** instance,the most recent analysis of the human and farm Genotype-Tissue Expression(GTEx)project proposes using trimmed means of M-values(TMM)to normalize the data followed by an inverse normal *** In this study,we reasoned that eQTL analysis could be carried out using the same framework used for dif-ferential gene expression(DGE),which uses a negative binomial model,a statistical test feasible for count *** the GTEx framework,we identified 35 significant eQTLs(P<5×10^(–8))following the ANOVA model and 39 significant eQTLs(P<5×10^(–8))following the additive *** a differential gene expression framework,we identified 930 and six significant eQTLs(P<5×10^(–8))following an analytical framework equivalent to the ANOVA and additive model,*** we compared the two approaches,there was no overlap of significant eQTLs between the two *** we defined specific contrasts,we identified trans eQTLs that more closely resembled what we expect from genetic variants showing complete dominance between ***,these were not identified by the GTEx *** Our results show that transforming RNA-sequencing data to fit a normal distribution prior to eQTL analysis is not required when the DGE framework is *** proposed approach detected biologically relevant variants that otherwise would not have been identified due to data transformation to fit a normal distribution.

关键词： Differential gene expression eQTL analysis Gene expression RNA-sequencing Single nucleotide polymorphism