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Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus among Pregnant Women in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)

Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2019年第3期9卷 63-76页

作者： Abdoul-Salam Ouédraogo Yacouba Sawadogo Der Adolphe Somé An Vercoutere Soufiane Sanou Souleymane Ouattara fernand Michodigni Armel Poda Moussa Bambara Lassana Sangaré Sylvain Godreuil Departement of Microbiology Laboratory Sour&ocirc Sanou University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sour&ocirc Sanou University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Faculty of Medecine and health Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium Departement of Infectiology Sour&ocirc Sanou University Hospital Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Departement of Microbiology Laboratory Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory Montpellier University Hospital Montpellier France

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) or Streptococcus agalactiae, which asymptomatically colonizes the female genital tract, is one of the leading causes of septicemia, meningitis and pneumonia in neonates. This study was conducted in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso to determine the prevalence of GBS colonization among pregnant women. Methods: Six hundred and eleven (611) pregnant women were screened for GBS colonization between July and December 2016. Vaginal swab samples were aseptically collected from the subjects after oral informed consent. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate and identify GBS isolates. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of GBS isolates was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: Colonization prevalence was 6.05%. No risk factors associated with the carriage rate was statistically identified. All isolates were susceptible to Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Levofloxacin, Vancomycin and Nitrofurantoin. Resistance to antibiotics was found for erythromycin (35.14%), lincomycin (16.22%) and penicillin G (10.81%). Conclusion: Although a low carriage (6.05%) rate and isolates were susceptible to many antibiotics found in this study, a policy of systematic screening of pregnant women at least in the third trimester must be promoted.

关键词： Group B Streptococcus Prevalence GBS Carriage Burkina Faso

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Effect of Added Quantity of the Callistemon viminalisEssential Oil on the in VivoDigestibility of Pennisetum clandestinumHay and Some Biochemical Parameters on the West African Dwarf Goat

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2018年第2期7卷 81-93页

作者： Hippolyte Watsop Mekuiko fernand Tendonkeng Ferdinand Ngoula Emile Miegoue Jules Lemoufouet Bienvenu Fogang Zogang Zack Kambale Muhindo Albert Chounna Mama Mouchili Etienne Pamo Tedonkeng Department of Animal Productions Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

The study of the effect of added quantity of the essential oil of Callistemon viminalis on the in vivo digestibility of Pennisetum clandestinum and some biochemical parameters on the West African Dwarf goat was conducted with nine old West African Dwarf goats. After the adaptation period, each animal received 900 and 100 g/day of Pennisetum clandestinum hay and concentrate respectively, associated with 0, 100 or 200 mg essential oil/kg of DM. The samples of 100 g of each ration, faeces and 10 ml of urine were collected and analyzed for chemical composition and the evaluation of ingestion and digestibility. Also blood samples were obtained from jugular vein of all goats after in vivo digestibility test for the dosage of biochemical parameters. The results of this study show that the ingestion of dry matter, organic matter and the fibers were significantly (p 0.05) higher on the goat with the ration FPc + HECv200. The digestibilities of these same components were equally higher with the ration FPc + HECv200 (71.00% and 69.00% respectively for the dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM)). Retained (5.64 g/j) and digested (51.33) nitrogen were significantly (p 0.05) higher with the ration FPc + HECv200. The values of blood metabolites studied increased significantly (p 0.05) with added quantity of essential oil in the rations, except for albumin, globulin, glucose and the low-density lipoprotein (LDL). In general, the incorporation of essential oils of Callistemon viminalis in the ration improved ingestion, digestibility and biochemical parameters on the West African Dwarf goat.

关键词： Hay Digestibility Callistemon viminalis Essential Oil Biochemical Parameters

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Clinical, aetiological and evolutive aspects of West syndrome in Yaoundé(Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第4期3卷 306-310页

作者： Séraphin Nguefack Boniface Moifo Andréas Chiabi Antoine Ledoux Defo Evelyn Mah Florence Fru Paul Cédric Mbonda Pierre fernand Tchokoteu Elie Mbonda Departement of Pediatric Neurology Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: West syndrome (WS) is an epileptic syndrome of the infant occurring between the 3rd and 12th months of life and characterized by the triad: infantile spasms in flexion, extension or mixed;global developmental delay;and hypsarrythmia on the electroencephalogram (EEG). Its incidence varies between 2.9 and 4.5 per 10,000 live births. West syndrome is caused by a brain dysfunction whose origins can be prenatal, neonatal and postnatal. Sometimes the aetiology is genetic or unknown. Purpose: To determine the main clinical, aetiological and major evolutive aspects of West syndrome in child neurology unit in a university-affiliated hospital in Yaoundé. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective descriptive study conducted from September 2011 to January 2012 inthe child neurology unit of the Yaoundé gynaeco-obstetric and paediatric hospital. The medical records of 68 children followed for West syndrome (WS) in the service during the period from February 2008 to January 2012 (48 months) were used. All infants of 1- to 16-month-old with the diagnosis of WS were included. The diagnosis of WS was based on clinical evidence of spasm in flexion and/or in extension with global development delay, and EEG evidence of hypsarythmia or focal/multifocal epileptic abnormalities when hypsarythmia is absent. For each included infant, relevant medical history and complete physical examination were performed. The following data were collected and reported on a standardized questionnaire: prenatal, perinatal and postnatal past histories, age at onset of spasms, age at diagnosis, semiology of spasms, psychomotor development, the EEG and CT aspects and the evolutive modes of WS under treatment. Psychomotor development was assessed using theDenverdevelopmental screening test (DDST) which assesses the mental age compared to chronological age. Results: The age of onset of spasms varied between 1 and 16 months with a mean of 4.69 (±1.98) months. Males were highly represented with a se

关键词： West Syndrome Epilepsy Aetiology Evolution Cameroon

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An international study on implementation and facilitators and barriers for parent-infant closeness in neonatal units

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Pediatric Investigation 2022年第3期6卷 179-188页

作者： Nicole R.van Veenendaal Nanon H.M.labrie Silke Mader Anne A.M.W.van Kempen Sophie R.D.van der Schoor Johannes B.van Goudoever CROWN Study Group Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology OLVGAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit and location University of AmsterdamDepartment of PediatricsEmma Children’s HospitalAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Language Literature and CommunicationVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands European Foundation for Care of Newborn Infants MunichGermany

Importance:Parent-infant closeness and active parent participation in neonatal care are important for parent and infant ***:To give an overview of current neonatal settings and gain an in-depth understanding of facilitators and barriers to parent-infant closeness,zero-separation,in 19 ***:Neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)professionals,representing 45 NICUs from a range of geographic regions in Europe and Canada,were purposefully selected and interviewed June–December *** analysis was conducted to identify,analyze and report patterns(themes)for parent-infant closeness across the entire series of ***:Parent-infant separation during infant and/or maternity care is very common(42/45 units,93%),despite the implementation of family integrated care(FICare)practices,including parent participation in medical rounds(17/45,38%),structured education sessions for parents(16/45,36%)and structured training for healthcare professionals(22/45,49%).NICU professionals encountered four main themes with facilitators and barriers for parent-infant closeness on and between the hospital,unit,staff,and family level:Culture(jointly held characteristics,values,thinking and behaviors about parental presence and participation in the unit),Collaboration(the act of working together between and within different levels),Capacities(resources and policies),andCoaching(education to acquire and transfer knowledge and skills).Interpretation:Implementing parent-infant closeness in the NICU is still challenging for healthcare *** optimization in neonatal care towards zero-separation and parent-infant closeness can be achieved by enforcing the’’four Cs for Closeness’:Culture,Collaboration,Capacities,andCoaching.

关键词： Parent-infant closeness Family centered care Family integrated care Couplet-care Neonatalogy Parent-collaboration Zero-separation

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Effects of Different Levels of Garlic Powder Incorporated in the Feed Enriched with Stylosanthes guianensis on Reproduction and Pre-Weaning Growth Performances of Cavies (Cavia porcellus)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 574-589页

作者： Martin Vidal Tatang Emile Miégoué Margaret Mary Momo Chongsi Wouafo David Fokom Nyah Cédric Kwayep Paulette Ntsafack Tobou France-Gina Djoumessi Mathieu Duclos Fogang fernand Tendonkeng Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Multipurpose Research Station Institute of Agricultural Research for Development Bangangté Cameroon

In order to increase the productivity of the local cavies as a meat animal, a study was carried out between November 2021 and March 2022 at the Research and Experimental Farm, Animal Nutrition and Production Research Unit of the Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FAAS) and the Microbiology and Anti-Microbial Research Unite of the University of Dschang on 72 cavies aged between 4 and 5 months and weighing an average of 450 ± 50 g produced on the farm, including 60 females and 12 males. The females were distributed according to a completely randomized factorial design in twelve (12) rearing boxes numbered G1 to G12, with 15 females per group distributed in 03 boxes and receiving iso-nitrogenated experimental diet (18% protein) R0 enriched with 20% of Stylosanthes guianensis (0% garlic powder), R0.25 (0.25% garlic powder), R0.50 (0.50% garlic powder) and R0.75 (0.75% garlic powder). Females were identified by numbered ear tags and mated with a sex ratio of 5 females for 1 male. Drinking water enriched with vitamin C (01 tablet of 240 mg in 1.5 liters of water) was served ad libitum and renewed daily. The males were removed after 31 days. A form was established to record the weight of each pregnant female, any abortions during gestation, the date of parturition and the date of birth of each newborn, as well as the number of live-born or stillborn pups. After parturition, the weights of female and newborn cavies were recorded weekly until the 3rd week. The number of cavies that died before weaning and the number of live weaned cavies were also recorded. Reproductive performance significantly increased (p 0.05) fertility rate and net fertility rate, litter size, birth viability rate, and pre-weaning viability rate with rations containing garlic powder, compared to the control ration, especially with the R0.50 ration. In addition, birth mortality and pre-weaning mortality were significantly lower (p 0.05) with rations containing the additive, compare

关键词： Cavy Garlic Powder Pre-Weaning Growth Reproduction Stylosanthes guianensis

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Surgical Treatment of a Subtrochanteric Pseudarthrosis in a 5 Year-Old Child at the University Hospital of Tingandogo in Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第11期9卷 225-230页

作者： Anatole Jean Innocent Ouedraogo Oumar Salia Sayouba Tinto Alexandre Stanislas Korsaga Ningwende Paul fernand Ouedraogo Anselme Noaga Nikiema Namori Keita Hamado Kafando Mamoudou Sawadogo Songahir Christophe Da Unit of Traumatology and Orthopedics Tingandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The subtrochanteric fractures are relatively rare in the child and they constitute a therapeutic problem. The pseudarthrosis of this fracture in the child is often the complication of a subtrochanteric fracture treated orthopedically. We report the case of a subtrochanteric pseudarthrosis in a 5 year-old child occurred following an orthopedic treatment. After surgical treatment by bloody reduction and pinning, the pseudarthrosis consolidated in 10 months with satisfactory functional results.

关键词： Pseudarthrosis Sub-Trochanter Child Surgery

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Impact of Climate Variability on Water Resources: The Case of Marc Delorme-Cnra Station, Southeast of Ivory Coast

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第9期13卷 726-749页

作者： Charly fernand Agoh Tacra Thierry Lekadou Mahaman Bachir Saley Bi Trazié Jérémie Gala Jean Homian Danumah Pierre-Marie Janvier Coffi Zadjéhi Eric-Blanchard Koffi Bi Tié Albert Goula Laboratory of Water and Environmental Sciences and Techniques (LSTEE) UFR of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources (STRM) Felix Houphou&euml t Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast National Agronomic Research Center Marc Delorme Research Station Abidjan Ivory Coast Laboratory Geosciences and Environment Training and Research Unit of Environmental Sciences and Management (UFR) of Environmental Sciences and Management Nangui Abrogoua University (UNA) Abidjan Ivory Coast Laboratory of Biology and Improvement of Plant Productions UFR Sciences de la Nature Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo Ivory Coast

This study aims to characterize the climatic variability in the South-East of Ivory Coast and to show its impact on the supply of water resources. To do this, statistical and hydrological methods were applied to climatic data collected at the Marc DELORME Research Station of the CNRA. The statistical trend tests on this data revealed a significant decrease in precipitation and an increase in temperature, insolation and evaporation. Statistical break methods indicate a rainfall break in 1982 which marks a modification of the rainfall regime thus translating a drop in rainfall of 15%, a recession in the frequency of rainy days in general and in particular in rainfall heights between 10 and 30 mm and greater than 50 mm. This break is accompanied by a shortening of the rainy seasons, with average rainfall durations ranging from 54 days (short rainy season) to 104 days (great rainy season). Despite the disturbances in the different seasons of the year, the monthly rainfall regimes in the area have not changed. The assessment of the effects of drought on water resources using the Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) for three-time scales (1 month, 3 months and 12 months) indicates a severe drought ranging from 3% to 7% over the period 1961 to 2018. However, despite the presence of this severe drought, the intensity of the drought was found to be moderate on all time scales. The Thorrnthwaite method was used to highlight the impacts of this climatic variability on the region’s water resources. The average annual recharge estimated at 402 mm, has been reduced to 153 mm during a deficit period, a decrease of about 62%. The average annual runoff, which was 294 mm, fells to 257 mm, a decrease of about 13%. This recorded decrease in the water infiltrated after the rainfall break (1983-2018), explains the heterogeneous decrease in the depth of the water table.

关键词： Climate Variability Drought Statistical Tests Water Resource Ivory Coast

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents in Schools in Benin in 2016

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2019年第3期9卷 213-242页

作者： Olga Agbohoui Houinato Alphonse Kpozehouen Benjamin Hounkpatin Kévin Yann Gbédji Hélène Robin Carmelle Mizéhoun-Adissoda fernand Guédou Dismand Stéphan Houinato René Xavier Perrin Epidemiologic Laboratory for Chronic and Neurological Diseases (LEMACEN) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Regional Institut of Public Healt. (IRSP) University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant Lagune (CHU MEL) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Health Center of Sexually Transmitted Infections (DIST) Health Center of Cotonou1 Cotonou Bénin

Introduction Overweight and obesity are considered to be global public health concerns. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the associated factors. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 and involving 3968 adolescents of 10 to 19 years from 40 secondary schools in Benin. Participants were selected using a 2-level random sampling technique. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire and were analyzed using Epi Info and Stata softwares. Associated factors were investigated by a logistic regression. Results Mean age was 16.54 ± 0.04 years and sex ratio was 1.16. The prevalence of overweight was 8.1% and that of obesity was 1.6%. Associated risk factors were female gender, sedentary lifestyle, consumption of sugary and carbonated beverages. Consumption of fruits and vegetables, regular physical activity, age over than 15 years were protective factors. Conclusion Overweight and obesity among school adolescents are increasing in Benin. The establishment of a school nutrition program and the promotion of regular physical activity should contribute to reducing their prevalence.

关键词： Prevalence Overweight Obesity Adolescent School Environment

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Biological Profile of HIV-Positive Patients in Bangui, Central African Republic, in 2017

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World Journal of AIDS 2018年第1期8卷 11-20页

作者： Yawo Tufa Nyasenu Alain Farra Brice Martial Yambiyo Alexandre Manirakiza fernand Didier Padou Ferdinand Yapou Pulcherie Pelembi Rodolphe Mambely-Nzako Marie-Joelle Mandeng Alain Berlioz-Arthaud Pierre-Alain Rubbo Jean-Pierre Lombart Institut Pasteur of Bangui Medical Analysis LaboratoryBanguiCentral African Republic Institut Pasteur of Bangui Epidemiology ServiceBanguiCentral African Republic

Background: The biological profile of HIV-positive patients is essential for diagnosing treatment failure and the prognosis of infection. We determined the virological and immunological profiles and biological anomalies of HIV-positive people on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Bangui, Central Afri-can Republic. Methods: We conducted an analytical, descriptive study be-tween 4 April and 30 September 2017 of all patients who had received ART for more than 12 months and who attended the Medical Analysis Laboratory of the Institut Pasteur in Bangui for a complete biological work-up, including viral load. A blood sample was taken for quantification of RNA HIV-1, CD4 lymphocytes and blood count in two tubes containing ethylenediamine te-traacetic acid, and another sample was taken in a dry tube for measurement of creatinine and transaminases. Results: The total population comprised 1748 patients, with a mean age of 38.7 years (±14.3;median, 41 years;range, 2 - 79 years);33.3% of patients were between 40 and 49 years old. Females predo-minated (71.3%), for a sex ratio of 0.4. Immunological failure was observed in 20.2% of patients (CD4 Conclusion: The abnormalities observed in this study concerned the haematopoietic system, the liver and the kidneys. As other or-gans and systems may be affected, periodic multidisciplinary biological and clinical follow-up is necessary for people living with HIV in order to improve their management.

关键词： Anaemia Biological Abnormalities HIV-1 Bangui

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Mineral Composition and Effect of Biochar on Preweaning Reproductive and Growth Performance in Cavy (Cavia porcellus)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2022年第1期12卷 145-157页

作者： Christèle Kenne Nouboussi fernand Tendonkeng Nathalie Mweugang Ngouopo Emile Miégoué Dieu-Nedort Djoufack Thierry Douglas Ndongo Hamadou Ousmane J. Gwladys Nkana Kontchiachou Cédric Brailly Kwayep Nyah Mama Mouchili Pamo T. Etienne Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Institute of Agricultural Research for Development Cameroon

In order to contribute to the improvement of the knowledge on the valorization of biochar as a feed additive in livestock, three biochar made from cassava peelings, bean tops and cocoa pods were manufactured. After analyzing their mineral composition, they were incorporated into rations at a rate of 0.8% in order to evaluate their effects on the performance of reproduction and pre-weaning growth in cavy (Cavia porcellus). The trials were conducted in the Research Unit of Animal Production and Nutrition (URPRONAN) of the University of Dschang, on 96 adult local breed cavy (from the first generation), including 80 females and 16 males aged 4 months and with an average weight of 400 ± 0.25 g. After 2 weeks of adaptation in the rearing boxes at the farm, the females were put in reproduction for a period of 31 days, the animals were divided into 04 batches of 20 females and 4 males. The animals in the control lot were fed a compound feed without biochar (T) while the others were fed the compound feed containing 0.8% of cassava peel biochar (EM), 0.8% of bean tops biochar (FH) and 0.8% of cocoa pod husks biochar (CC) respectively. The results of this study showed that the ash content (26%) and macro-element concentration were higher in the bean husk charcoal compared to the other charcoals and the trace elements were more concentrated in the cassava peel charcoal. The best fertility rate (87.5%) was obtained in animals receiving the ration containing organic cocoa pod charcoal. The

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